The role of supine and prone positions on central nervous system involvement in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Prone Position ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Intrathecal Chemotherapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) affects both children and adults, with a peak incidence between the ages of 2 and 5 years. ALL cells sometimes penetrate the central nervous system (CNS) and patients with CNS diseases at initial presentation have been reported to experience a significantly greater risk of treatment failure compared with CNS negative patients. This study hypothesized that the prone position may reduce the CNS involvement compared with the supine position, therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of supine and prone positions on CNS involvement in ALL patients. Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 38 patients with ALL admitted in Shahid saddughi Hospital from 2006 to 2016. In this study, 14 patients received prophylaxis intrathecal chemotherapy with post-injection supine position (control group) and 22 patients received prophylaxis intrathecal chemotherapy with post-injection prone position (intervention group) White blood cell (WBC) count (CNS involvement) was evaluated in two groups. Results: Among 22 patients in the intervention group, 16 (72.7%) were males, and 6 (27.3%) were females and of the 14 patients in the control group, 8 (57.1%) were males and 6 (42.9%) were females. The difference in the mean WBCs in the cerebrospinal fluid between the two groups was as follows: the mean WBCs in the control group was 8.7143 and the mean WBCs in the intervention group was 4.9524. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P-value =0.039). However, no significant difference was seen between the two groups in terms of sex, age, and duration of disease (p>0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of CNS involvement was significantly decreased when patients were placed in the post-puncture prone position for 3 hours.

The effect of ear acupressure medicine at the “Shen Men” point on the nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1774-1779
Author(s):  
Sanaz Nehbandani ◽  
Hajar Salehi ◽  
Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie ◽  
Hossein Rashki Ghalenow ◽  
Fatemeh Mirzaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Introduction & Objective: Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders that more than 85% of pregnant women experience. However, controlling and treating this complication is still one of the most important issues in antenatal care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ear acupressure at Shen Men point on relieving nausea, vomiting and retching during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 100 pregnant women with a gestational age of less than 16 weeks attending the health clinics of Zabol city during 2019-2020 were studied in two control and intervention groups (n = 50 in each group). The samples in the intervention group were trained to apply pressure on their ears’ Shen Men point with the thumb for three minutes three times a day (morning, noon, and night), for a duration of one month. At the end of second and fourth weeks, the data were collected using the Rhodes index form and then, were analyzed by SPSS software version 22. Results: According to the results, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gestational age, occupation and education. The difference in the mean scores of nausea, vomiting and retching was not statistically significant between the control and intervention groups before the study. But four weeks after the study, a significant difference was observed in the mean scores of vomiting, nausea and retching between the two groups, so that the mean scores of vomiting, nausea and retching were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group. Conclusion: The ear acupressure medicine at the Shen men point can be used as a non-invasive, safe and inexpensive method to relieve nausea, vomiting and retching during pregnancy. Keywords: Acupressure medicine, Shen Men, Vomiting, Pregnancy, Nausea, Retching, Rhodosis

Tranexamic Acid Effectiveness on the Amount of Bleeding during Surgery and Surgeon’s Satisfaction in Intertrochanteric Fracture Fixation: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Saeb ◽  
Ali Mousapour ◽  
Alireza Shafiee ◽  
Seyyed Saeed Khabiri ◽  
Roya Safari-Faramani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Intertrochanteric Fracture ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Postoperative Blood Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fracture Surgery

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) on the blood loss volume during surgery and surgeon's satisfaction in intertrochanteric fracture surgery. Methods: A total of 62 patients with intertrochanteric fracture were involved in the study and accidentally categorized into two groups. In the control or first group, patients were medicated with placebo (age: 69.2 ± 6.1 years old) and in the second group or intervention, they received 1 g injection of TXA (age: 69.7 ± 6.4 years old). Intraoperative bleeding was measured by the amount of blood in the suction bottle and amount of gauze utilized and postoperative blood loss was measured by the amount of blood in the drain 48 hours after surgery. Also, hemoglobin (Hb) levels were compared before and after surgery. In the end, the surgeon’s satisfaction was measured by Likert scale. Results: The difference in the amount of intra-operative bleeding was significant between the groups (P < 0.050). The mean number of utilized gauze in the intervention group was meaningfully less than the placebo group (P < 0.050). The mean Hb in the control group was considerably inferior to the intervention group (P < 0.050). The respect of patients in need of transfusion in the placebo group was outstandingly superior to the intervention group (P < 0.005). Surgeon satisfaction in the intervention group was considerably greater than the control group (P < 0.050). Conclusion: The use of intravenous TXA during intertrochanteric fracture surgery can reduce hemorrhage during surgery, reduce the need for blood products, and finally improve the surgeon’s satisfaction.

scholarly journals The Impact of Endoscopy Sedation Information Sheets on the Level of Concern Regarding Possible Awareness in Patients Undergoing Endoscopy Sedation

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Zi Ping Tong ◽  
Lincoln Gan Gan Lim ◽  
Alison Pighills ◽  
Matthew Hiskens ◽  
Danny Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Patient Counselling ◽  
Unmet Expectations ◽  
Level Of Concern ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Video Material

Sedation encompasses a continuum from complete unconsciousness to drowsiness and anxiolysis where some awareness might be expected. Most patients undergoing endoscopy sedation expect to be completely unconscious during the procedure and thus have unmet expectations regarding their state of consciousness. This study aimed to evaluate whether endoscopy sedation information sheets reduce the level of concern regarding possible awareness during endoscopy sedation at a major regional hospital. Our findings were that 28.8% of patients who received the endoscopy sedation information sheet (n = 82) were concerned about awareness during the procedure, compared to 36.5% of patients in the control group (n = 105). However, the difference was not statistically significant. We also found that the incidence of awareness was higher (13.9%) in the intervention group compared to 8.8% in the control group but, again, not statistically different. This study allowed us to elucidate the level of concern regarding possible awareness during sedation and the incidence of awareness during endoscopy sedation. This will enable future work investigating the role of endoscopy sedation information methods involving written and video material in assisting pre-procedure patient counselling.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MULTI MICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTATION ON HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ANEMIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 677-685
Author(s):  
Rati Purnama Sari ◽  
Noor Pramono ◽  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Muchlis Achsan Udji Sofro ◽  
Melyana Nurul Widyawati
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Micronutrient Supplementation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
The Difference

Background: The coverage of 90 Fe tablets in Semarang in 2015 was 26.619 of 29.490 pregnant women (97%) but the incidence of anemia in pregnant women was still quite high. One important factor which influences the levels of hemoglobin is multi micronutrient.Objective: This study aims to analyze the changes in hemoglobin levels with multi micronutrient supplementation in pregnant women with anemia.Methods: A Quasy experimental study with randomized control group pre-post test design. The study samples were 40 pregnant women with gestational age of 20 ± 1 weeks divided into two groups, the intervention group (multi micronutrient supplementation) and the control group (Fe supplementation) for 6 weeks. The study was conducted from November 2016 to January 2017. The levels of hemoglobin were measured using cyanmethohemoglobin. Paired t test and independent t test were used for data analyses.Results: The mean increase in hemoglobin levels after multi micronutrient supplementation was 1.545 (1.292) g/dl, whereas the mean increase in hemoglobin levels after Fe supplementation was 0.757 (0.742) g/dl. The difference in hemoglobin levels before and after multi micronutrient supplementation was significantly different (p=0.049). Cohen’s d effect size test showed value of 0.748.Conclusion: Multi micronutrient supplementation could improve hemoglobin levels. Increase in the levels of hemoglobin with multi micronutrient supplementation was higher than Fe supplementation. 

Family based care program on the health status of hemiplegic patients with stroke: A Randomized Control Trial

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arsalan Naderipor ◽  
Hadith Faramarzi ◽  
Amir Jalali ◽  
Nader Salari ◽  
Jahangir Rezaei
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Family Based

Abstract Background: Stroke is a chronic disease requiring continuous and prolonged rehabilitation. A family-based care program can be an effective approach to rehabilitate these patients. This study aimed to determine the effect of family-based care program on the health status of hemiplegic patients with stroke. Methods: In this clinical trial, 40 hemiplegic stroke patients were randomly selected as available and divided into two intervention and control groups. The patients care providers in the intervention group received the home-based care program in addition to routine care at the time of discharge, for four consecutive sessions of 50 to 60 min. This program then was performed by carers at home for four weeks. The patients in the control group received routine care during the discharge. The health status of patients in both groups was evaluated by health status questionnaire before beginning the program, and then one month after the end of the program. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests in SPSS V.21. Results: The results indicated that the difference between the mean scores of the health status of the two groups was not significant before the intervention; however, it was significant after the intervention (P< 0.05). Moreover, the mean scores after the intervention group were significantly higher than the pre-intervention, and the difference was not significant in the control group. Conclusion: Providing home care training programs to family members and contributing them to patient care programs can increase self-care of the patients and improve their health status. Keywords: Stroke; Hemiplegia; Nursing care; Family base care Trial registration number and date of registration: IRCT2015070214333n38, 2015-08-28

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of Educational Interventions to Empower Female Students to Prevent Osteoporosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Sharifi ◽  
Farangis Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevention Of Osteoporosis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Variance

  Introduction: Osteoporosis is a chronic disease which influences the life of people considerably, especially the women. Most women are not aware that osteoporosis is preventable. Although there is a higher risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, but bone loss can begin at the age of 35. This research was conducted to design and implement educational interventions to empower female students to prevent osteoporosis. Methods: This interventional study was a controlled trial. This study was conducted on female students of Shahrekord Islamic Azad University. A two-stage stratified random sampling was used for recruiting samples. The sample size was set at 150 (75 interventions and 75 controls). A demographic questionnaire and a self-made questionnaire of self-empowerment for the prevention of osteoporosis were used to collect information. Data were collected before the intervention and three months after the intervention. The educational intervention was conducted in two months with eight education sessions. For statistical analyses, the SPSS software version 23 was used. Results: The mean age of the intervention group was 20.69 ± 2.24, and the control group was 20.29 ± 2.04, besides, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P= 0.26). The test indicates a significant difference in mean variance of the intervention group compared to mean variance of the control group in knowledge (P< 0.001), attitude (P< 0.001) and self-efficacy (P= 0.006). The difference in mean variance of the intervention group compared to the mean variance of the control group was not significant in life skills (P= 0.23). Conclusion: The results generally reflect the effect of educational interventions in improving the abilities of female students to prevent osteoporosis. It is suggested to design and implement educational programs to empower women to prevent osteoporosis.   Keywords: Osteoporosis, Preventive, Knowledge, Attitude

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Role of Twitter in Increasing the Awareness and Knowledge about Diabetes Among Citizens of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 605-611
Author(s):  
Hala Alhodaib ◽  
Manal Alshakhs ◽  
Sara Alsaidan ◽  
Hamdah Aldossari ◽  
Maryam Alnass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetes Knowledge ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
Paired T Test

Purpose: The objective of this research was to evaluate the role of Twitter in increasing the awareness and knowledge of diabetes among citizens of Saudi Arabia. Methods: In this research we used a purposive sampling method and carried out a quantitative experimental study design. The participants were adults Twitter users from Saudi Arabia that had relative diabetic patients. The sample size was 200 participants, which were divided into an intervention and a control group. Each group consisted of 100 participants. The intervention group was recruited through Twitter, and the control group was recruited through WhatsApp. Data were analyzed and interpreted using statistical techniques, such as paired t-test, the simple t-test and the ANOVA. Results: The mean diabetes knowledge test (DKT) score of the intervention group was Mean=13.57, SD= 3.46. After the intervention process, the mean (M) increased to 17.06 and the standard deviation (SD) decreased to 2.35. According to these outcomes, the paired t-test showed that the use of Twitter had an influence on increasing diabetes awareness. Instead, for the control group, the mean (M) was 13.68, and the standard deviation (SD) was 3.72 at the baseline. During the study process, the mean (M) of the control group increased to 14 and the standard deviation (SD) augmented to 3.59. Then, according to the paired t-test, we concluded that in the control group, there was no effect on the participants’ knowledge. Conclusion: The results suggested that Twitter had a positive impact on increasing awareness and diabetes knowledge among adult Twitter users in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals The effect of ear acupressure medicine at the “Shen Men” point on the nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1602-1606
Author(s):  
Sanaz Nehbandani ◽  
Hajar Salehi ◽  
Khadijerezaie Keikhaie ◽  
Hossein Rashki Ghalenow ◽  
Fatemeh Mirzaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders that more than 85% of pregnant women experience. However, controlling and treating this complication is still one of the most important issues in antenatal care. Aim: To investigate the effect of ear acupressure at Shen Men point on relieving nausea, vomiting and retchingduring pregnancy. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 100 pregnant women with a gestational age of less than 16 weeks attending the health clinics ofZabol city during 2019-2020 were studied in two control and intervention groups (n = 50 in each group). The samples in the intervention group weretrained to apply pressure ontheirears’Shen Men point with the thumb for three minutes three times a day (morning, noon, and night), for a duration of one month. At the end of second and fourth weeks, the data were collected using the Rhodes index form and then, were analyzed by SPSS software version 22. Results: According to the results, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gestational age, occupation and education. The difference in the mean scores of nausea, vomiting and retching was not statistically significant between the control and intervention groups before the study. But four weeks after the study, a significant difference was observed in the mean scores of vomiting, nausea and retching between the two groups, so that the mean scores of vomiting, nausea and retching were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group. Conclusion: The ear acupressure medicine at the Shen men point can be used as a non-invasive, safe and inexpensive method to relieve nausea, vomiting and retching during pregnancy. Keywords :Acupressure medicine, Shen Men, Vomiting, Pregnancy, Nausea, Retching, Rhodosis

scholarly journals Role of cervical ultrasound in prediction of preterm labor

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Samjhana Dhakal ◽  
Shripad Hebbar
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Preterm Labour ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Threatened Preterm Labor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Routine Antenatal Care

Aim: To compare the difference in the cervical length measured digitally or by transabdominal and transvaginal sonogram examination for prediction of preterm labour Method: This was a prospective randomized, controlled study in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at TMA Pai Hospital, Udupi from March 2001 to May 2002 where 200 women coming for routine antenatal care were recruited for the study. A total of 168 women were evaluated, out of which 145 were control group and 23 cases of threatened preterm labor formed study group. Results: The mean length of cervix measured by TVS at 20- 24wks of pregnancy was 3.87 cm. There after there was a slight decrease in the length mainly towards term and or 36 wks of pregnancy i.e. 3.27 cm. Cervical length measured on an average 0.8 cm more than TVS(4.9CM versus 3.52 cm) Similarly digital examination of cervix yielded shorter length, compared to TVS measurement (2.86 cm versus 3.5 cm). Conclusion: This study has shown TVS is a simple tool for prediction of preterm labour as decrease in cervical length was observed in women with threatened preterm labor (2.34 cm) and this decrease was statistically significant compared to that of the control (3.7 cm). Key words: Trans abdominal, transvaginal, preterm labour      doi:10.3126/njog.v2i2.1450 N. J. Obstet. Gynaecol 2007 Nov-Dec; 2 (2): 20 - 23

scholarly journals Quantitative Determination of Serum Level of TLR4, TLR7 and TLR9 in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Patients in Basrah, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2255-2260
Author(s):  
Rasha Adnan Mustafa ◽  
Hanadi Abdulqader Jasim ◽  
Sadeq Khalaf Ali Al-Salait
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Immune Evasion Mechanism ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is one of most frequent malignancy detected in children, accounting for three quarters of all leukemia occurrences in children. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) have been shown to be expressed or up regulated in tumors (solid) and tumor cell lines, but their expression level or role in the etiology and progression of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children is not studied widely. This study intended to explore the association of serum level of TLR4, TLR7, and TLR9 in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A case control study was conducted on patients (pediatric) with ALL who have been admitted to Basrah Children Specialty Hospital, Basrah, Iraq. Three ml of serum samples were collected for the measurement of TLRs concentration by using Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). The mean level of TLR4, TLR7 and TLR9 in patients were higher than the control group. However, the difference was statistically significant for TLR4 and TLR7 (P-value less than 0.005) but not for TLR9. The mean value of TLRs are higher in the newly diagnosed group than the relapse. The higher serum concentration of TLR4, TLR7 and TLR9 in patients, whether new or in relapse, compared to control group might be part of the immune-evasion mechanism developed by the malignant cells that plays a serious role in leukomogenicity and disease advancement.

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