scholarly journals Effect of EDTA chelate, cow manure, elemental sulfur application and Thiobacillus inoculant on Cd, Zn and Fe phytoremediation efficiency in a Cd-polluted soil

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Baghaie
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Microbial Respiration ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Mustard Plant

Background and Purpose: Phytoremediation efficiency of heavy metals is one of the important points in environmental studies. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of cow manure, elemental sulfur and EDTA on Cd uptake by Indian mustard in a Cd-polluted soil in the presence of Thiobacillus thiooxidans. Materials and Methods: Treatments consisted of applying cow manure (0, 5 and 10 g/kg soil), soil application of elemental sulfur (2 g/kg soil), and Cd-polluted soil (0 and 20 mg Cd/kg soil) with 1.5 mmol EDTA/kg soil in the presence of Thiobacillus spp. After 90 days, Indian mustard plant was harvested and plant Zn, Fe and Cd concentration was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy. In addition, the soil microbial respiration was measured. Results: The use of 2 g/kg soil of elemental sulfur significantly increased the plant Cd concentration in the presence and absence of Thiobacillus by 14.2 and 11.7%, respectively. Adding cow manure to the soil at the rates of 5 and 10 g/kg soil significantly increased the plant Cd concentration by 15.7 and 18.1%, respectively. Also, the application of EDTA chelate at the rate 0f 1.5 mmol/kg soil significantly increased the Cd concentration of the plants grown in the Cd-polluted soil (20 mg Cd/kg soil) by 13.6%. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that using elemental sulfur in the Cdpolluted soil can increase the Cd concentration of the plant which was cultivated in the soil amended with cow manure in the presence of Thiobacillus bacteria. However, the role of soil physic-chemical properties on phytoremediation efficiency cannot be ignored.  

scholarly journals Immobilization of Pb by organic and inorganic phosphate and calcium sources in an acidic Pb-polluted soil amended with cow manure

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-235
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Baghaie ◽  
Mehran Keshavarzi
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Microbial Respiration ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Rock Powder ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Phosphorus Sources ◽  
Calcium Sources ◽  
Cow Bone ◽  
Pb Concentration

Background: Chemical stabilization of heavy metals in acidic soil is one of the important points in environmental pollution. Thus, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic amendments on lead (Pb) immobilization in the Pb-polluted soil. Methods: Treatments were consisted of applying cow manure (0, 15, and 30 t/ha), and applying cow bone and phosphate rock (5% (W/W)) in the Pb (0, 800, and 1600 mg Pb/kg soil)-polluted soil. The plant used in this experiment was canola. After 70 days, the plants were harvested and soil and plant Pb concentration was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Results: Applying 15 and 30 t/ha of cow manure in the Pb (1600 mg Pb/kg soil)-polluted soil significantly decreased the soil Pb concentration by 14.3 and 17.2%, respectively. For plant Pb concentration, it was increased by 11.8 and 15.1%, respectively. A significant decrease in plant Pb concentration was measured, when the soil under cultivation of the plant was amended with 5% (W/W) phosphate rock powder. For the plants grown on the soil, which was amended with 5% (W/W), the plant Pb concentration decreased by 17.6%. In addition, applying organic and inorganic amendment significantly decreased the bio-concentration factor (BCF), while the soil microbial respiration increased. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that applying 15 and 30 t/ha cow manure or calcium and phosphorus sources such as cow bone and phosphate rock powder (5% (W/W) can decrease the soil Pb availability and prevent the Pb translocation from soil to plants.

scholarly journals Applying Tire Rubber Ash Enriched Cow Manure as a Useful Way to Decrease Canola Cd Uptake in a Polluted Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Baghaie ◽  
Forough Aghili ◽  
Ali Hassani Joshaghani
Keyword(s):  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Tire Rubber

scholarly journals Biodegradation of Bisphenol A by Sphingobium sp. YC-JY1 and the Essential Role of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3588
Author(s):  
Yang Jia ◽  
Adel Eltoukhy ◽  
Junhuan Wang ◽  
Xianjun Li ◽  
Thet Su Hlaing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
P450 Monooxygenase ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Application Potential

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widespread pollutant threatening the ecosystem and human health. An effective BPA degrader YC-JY1 was isolated and identified as Sphingobium sp. The optimal temperature and pH for the degradation of BPA by strain YC-JY1 were 30 °C and 6.5, respectively. The biodegradation pathway was proposed based on the identification of the metabolites. The addition of cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibitor 1-aminobenzotriazole significantly decreased the degradation of BPA by Sphingobium sp. YC-JY1. Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells harboring pET28a-bisdAB achieved the ability to degrade BPA. The bisdB gene knockout strain YC-JY1ΔbisdB was unable to degrade BPA indicating that P450bisdB was an essential initiator of BPA metabolism in strain YC-JY1. For BPA polluted soil remediation, strain YC-JY1 considerably stimulated biodegradation of BPA associated with the soil microbial community. These results point out that strain YC-JY1 is a promising microbe for BPA removal and possesses great application potential.

scholarly journals Tree diversity and soil chemical properties drive the linkages between soil microbial community and ecosystem functioning

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémy Beugnon ◽  
Jianqing Du ◽  
Simone Cesarz ◽  
Stephanie D. Jurburg ◽  
Zhe Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Microbial Respiration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Microbial

AbstractMicrobial respiration is critical for soil carbon balance and ecosystem functioning. Previous studies suggest that plant diversity influences soil microbial communities and their respiration. Yet, the linkages between tree diversity, microbial biomass, microbial diversity, and microbial functioning have rarely been explored. In this study, we measured two microbial functions (microbial physiological potential, and microbial respiration), together with microbial biomass, microbial taxonomic and functional profiles, and soil chemical properties in a tree diversity experiment in South China, to disentangle how tree diversity affects microbial respiration through the modifications of the microbial community. Our analyses show a significant positive effect of tree diversity on microbial biomass (+25% from monocultures to 24-species plots), bacterial diversity (+12%), and physiological potential (+12%). In addition, microbial biomass and physiological potential, but not microbial diversity, were identified as the key drivers of microbial respiration. Although soil chemical properties strongly modulated soil microbial community, tree diversity increased soil microbial respiration by increasing microbial biomass rather than changing microbial taxonomic or functional diversity. Overall, our findings suggest a prevalence of microbial biomass over diversity in controlling soil carbon dynamics.

scholarly journals The effect of organic chelates and gibberellic acid on petroleum hydrocarbons degradation in the soil co-contaminated with Ni and crude oil under canola cultivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Baghaie ◽  
Amir Daliri
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Treated Plant ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

Background: Soil remediation is one the important problem in environmental studies. Thus, this research was conducted to evaluate the effect of organic chelates and gibberellic acid (GA3 ) on the degradation of crude oil in the soil co-contaminated with Ni and crude oil under canola cultivation. Methods: For treatments, HEDTA and NTA chelates at rates of 0 and 2.5 mmol/kg soil and foliar GA3 (0 (GA3 (-) and 0.05 (GA3 (+) mM) were used. In addition, the soil was polluted with Ni (0 and 100 mg Ni/kg soil) and crude oil at rates of 0, 2, and 4% (W/W). The plant used in this experiment was canola. The concentration of Ni in soil and plant was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) was measured using GC-mass. The mean differences were calculated according to the least significant difference (LSD) test. Results: The greatest degradation of crude oil belonged to the non-Ni-polluted soil under cultivation of GA3 -treated plant, while the lowest one was observed in the soil received the greatest level of HEDTA and NTA chelates. Applying 0.05 mM GA3 foliar significantly increased the degradation of crude oil in soil and Ni in plant shoot by 12.1 and 8.3%, respectively. In addition, soil microbial respiration was also increased by 11.3%. Conclusion: HEDTA, NTA, and GA3 had a significant effect on the Ni phytoremediation efficiency and degradation of crude oil in soil that is a positive point in environmental pollution. However, the role of soil physico-chemical properties on the phytoremediation efficiency cannot be ignored.

scholarly journals Effect of nano-particle compounds and P. indica on bio-degradation of petroleum compounds in the soil contaminated with Cd under cultivation of triticale plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Baghaie
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Microbial Respiration ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Nano Particle ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Plant Inoculation ◽  
Soil Cd

Background and Purpose: Phytoremediation efficiency of heavy metals is an important factor in environmental studies. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), zeolite, and P.indica on bio-degradation of mazut in a soil treated with Cd and mazut. Materials and Methods: Treatments consisted of applying zeolite (0, 1 and 2% (W/W)), MWCNTs (0, 1 and 2 % (W/W)) in the presence and absence of P.Indica in the Cd (0 , 5 and 10 mg/kg soil) polluted soil that was simultaneously polluted with mazut (0 and 6 % (W/W)). After 70 days, plants were harvested, and plant and soil Cd were measured using AAS. In addition, the degradation percentage of mazut in soil was determined. Results: Addition of 2 % (W/W) MWCNTs and zeolite to the soil polluted with 6 % (W/W) mazut significantly increased the bio-degradation percentage of mazut in the soil by 11.3%. For soil and plant Cd concentration, it was decreased by 10.6 and 12.8%, respectively. In addition, plant inoculation with P.indica significantly increased the bio-degradation of mazut in the Cd polluted soil (10 mg Cd/kg soil) by 14.3%. Increasing soil pollution to mazut from 0 to 6 % (W/W) significantly increased the soil microbial respiration by 14.4%. Conclusion: Based on the results, addition of MWCNs and zeolite in the soil and plant inoculation with P.indica significantly increased the mazut bio-degradation in the soil. However, the amount and type of pollutant had a significant effect on phytoremediation efficiency. 

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PUPUK KANDANG SAPI DAN PUPUK SP-36 TERHADAP PERBAIKAN SIFAT KIMIA TANAH, PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SORGHUM (Sorghum bicolor L.) PADA TANAH TERCEMAR LIMBAH PADAT PABRIK KERTAS (LIME MUD)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Afaf Millatusy Syahidah ◽  
Bambang Hermiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Lime Mud

ABSTRACT Solid waste pollution of Paper manufacturer (Lime mud) can cause land degradation through decreasing soil quality due to chemical, physical and biological properties changes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding cow manure and SP-36 fertilizer to give improvement in the soil chemical properties, growth and production of Sorghum. Pot experiment was conducted using Randomized block Design (RBD) factorial with two factors, the first factor was soil conditions (polluted and non-polluted soil), the second factor was the type of fertilizer with 4 levels including control, cow manure (258 gram/pot), SP-36 fertilizer (0.64 gram/pot) and combination of cow manure (2658 gram/pot) and SP-36 fertilizer (0.64 gram/pot). The parameter of chemical properties observation included soil pH (pH meter), C -organic (Kurmis), Cation Exchange Capacity (extract of ammonium acetate 1 M ph 7), P-availability (Olsen) and Ca-exchanged (extract of ammonium acetate 1 M ph 7). The parameter of the plant growth and production included height of plant, dry weight of plant stem and leave and weight of 1,000 seeds. The research result revealed that combination of manure and SP36 fertilizer to the polluted soil could decrease soil pH from 8.31 to 8.17, Ca-exchanged decrease in amount of 49.58% compared to the control ones, and the increase of P-availability was in amount of 92.89% compared to the controlled ones. The addition of cow manure to the polluted soil could increase C-organic in amount of 222.7% and weight of 1,000 seeds increased in amount of 24.9% compared to the controlled ones. The provision of SP-36 treatment to the polluted soil could increase CEC of soil in amount of 3.25% and the height of plant increased to 9.31% compared to the control ones. Keyword: Manure, SP-36 fertilizer, Sorghum, Chemical Improvement, Lime mud ABSTRAK Pencemaran limbah padat Pabrik Kertas (Lime mud) dapat menyebabkan terjadinya degradasi lahan melalui penurunan kualitas tanah karena perubahan sifatkimia, fisika dan biologi tanah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan pupuk kandang sapi dan pupuk SP-36 terhadap perbaikan sifat kimia tanah, pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman Sorghum pada tanah tercemar limbah padat (Lime mud). Percobaan pot dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua faktor, faktor pertama kondisi tanah (tanah tidak tercemar dan tanah tercemar), faktor kedua jenis pupuk dengan 4 taraf terdiri atas kontrol, pupuk kandang sapi (258 gram/pot) , pupuk SP-36 (0,64 gram/pot) dan kombinasi pupuk kandang sapi (258 gram/pot) dan pupuk SP-36(0,64 gram/pot). Parameter pengamatan sifat kimia tanah meliputi pH tanah (pH meter), C-organik (Kurmis), KTK tanah (ekstrak Amonium asetat 1 M ph 7), Ptersedia (Olsen) dan Ca-tertukar (ekstrak Amonium asetat 1 M ph 7). Parameter pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman meliputi tinggi tanaman, berat kering brangkasan dan berat 1000 biji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi pupuk kandang dan pupuk SP-36 pada tanah tercemar dapat menurunkan pH tanah dari 8.31 menjadi 8.17, Ca-tertukar menurun sebesar 49,58 % dibanding kontrol, dan terjadi peningkatan P-tersedia sebesar 92.89 % dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Penambahan pupuk kandang sapi pada tanah tercemar mampu meningkatkan C-organik sebesar 222.7 % dan berat 1000 biji meningkat 24,9 % dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Pemberian pupuk SP-36 pada tanah tercemar dapat meningkatkan KTK tanah sebesar 3.25% dan tinggi tanaman meningkat 9.31 % dibanding kontrol. Kata kunci: Pupuk Kandang Sapi, Pupuk SP-36, Sorghum, Sifat Kimia Tanah, Lime mud

Characteristics Of The Structure Formation Of Gypsum Binder Modified With Zinc Hydrosilicates

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Silicic Acid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

The authors' methodic for assessing the role of chemical and physic-chemical factors during the structure formation of gypsum stone is presented in the article. The methodic is also makes it possible to reveal the synergistic effect and to determine the ranges of variation of controls factors that ensure maximum values of such effect. The effect of a micro-sized modifier based on zinc hydro-silicates on the structure formation of building gypsum is analyzed and corresponding dependencies are found. It is shown that effects of influence of modifier on the properties of gypsum compositions are determined by chemical properties of modifier. Among the mentioned properties are sorption characteristics (which depend on the amount of silicic acid and its state) and physicochemical properties - the ability to act as a substrate during crystal formation. The proposed method can also be extended to other binding substances and materials. This article contributes to the understanding of the processes that occur during the structure formation of composites, which will make it possible to control the structure formation in the future, obtaining materials with a given set of properties.

The Nature of S-N Bonding in Sulfonamides and Related Compounds: Insights into π-Bonding Contributions from Sulfur K-Edge XAS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulin Okbinoglu ◽  
Pierre Kennepohl
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Rotational Barriers ◽  
Td Dft ◽  
Nitrogen Bonds ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Molecules containing sulfur-nitrogen bonds, like sulfonamides, have long been of interest due to their many uses and chemical properties. Understanding the factors that cause sulfonamide reactivity is important, yet their continues to be controversy regarding the relevance of S-N π bonding in describing these species. In this paper, we use sulfur K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT) to explore the role of S<sub>3p</sub> contributions to π-bonding in sulfonamides, sulfinamides and sulfenamides. We explore the nature of electron distribution of the sulfur atom and its nearest neighbors and extend the scope to explore the effects on rotational barriers along the sulfur-nitrogen axis. The experimental XAS data together with TD-DFT calculations confirm that sulfonamides, and the other sulfinated amides in this series, have essentially no S-N π bonding involving S<sub>3p</sub> contributions and that electron repulsion and is the dominant force that affect rotational barriers.

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