scholarly journals Setting time of ecological bricks with different percentage PET

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Andrea Maldonado ◽  
Angela Corvalan ◽  
Delia Cohenca ◽  
Magna Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottles ◽  
Ecological Building

Raw materials and products environment friendly has led many authors to develop the area of bio-construction, especially in civil construction, using alternative materials to obtain new achievements. PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) bottles, widely used worldwide, have made it possible to produce very ambitious technological products for their energy and economic efficiency. This study is based on the application of discarded PET bottles for application in ecological building bricks. For this, samples with different PET percent were prepared. The samples were prepared in triplicate. These samples were subjected to tests to verify the optimum setting time/PET ratio. The tests were performed according to international standards and compared to the values of conventional bricks.Keywords: Environment friendly, set-up tests, bio-construction.

scholarly journals A production-recycling-reuse model for plastic beverages bottles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouri Dawood Matar
Keyword(s):  
Market Price ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Total System ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Present Worth ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottles ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Varying Demand

In this thesis a recycling-reuse model is developed and analyzed. Discarded 2L plastic PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottles are collected from the market. The non-contaminated PET bottles are either remanufactured or used as regrind mixed with virgin PET to produce new bottles to satisfy varying demand. Contaminated bottles are sold to industries using low grade plastic and only badly contaminated bottles go to landfill. Cost of land use and associated environmental damage is calculated as a present worth and charged to the manufacture. Analyses conducted on this model found that the amount of bottles collected had the largest influence on the outcome of the total system unit time cost. Alternative materials to PET that degrade faster are surveyed and used to demonstrate significant reduction in the cost of landfill disposal. Analysis using a minimal market price for remanufactured and newly produced bottles resulted in profit.

The Feasibility Analysis and Development of the PET Regenerated Staple Fiber Industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 733 ◽  
pp. 990-993
Author(s):  
Fan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Staple Fiber ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Recycled Pet ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Technology Program ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Complete Set

Waste PET bottles which is the main ingredients are PET (polyethylene terephthalate), is not easy to degrade under natural conditions. If without recycling rationally, waste plastic bottles will pollute the environment, that is of no advantage for “the construction of resource saving and environment-friendly society”. This paper introduces a new kind of recycling way – the technology of regenerating fibers – that will process the recycled PET bottle flakes into staple fiber (a kind of textile raw materials). And finally it can produce various raw materials of textile garments by the staple fiber. The process of PET bottle flakes recycling mainly takes five steps: sorting, separation, cleaning, crushing and using. This paper analyzes the domestic and foreign PET processing of technology on regenerating staple fiber. And it puts forward a complete set of modification technology program for regenerating staple fiber by PET on the basic of theory.

scholarly journals A production-recycling-reuse model for plastic beverages bottles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouri Dawood Matar
Keyword(s):  
Market Price ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Total System ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Present Worth ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottles ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Varying Demand

In this thesis a recycling-reuse model is developed and analyzed. Discarded 2L plastic PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottles are collected from the market. The non-contaminated PET bottles are either remanufactured or used as regrind mixed with virgin PET to produce new bottles to satisfy varying demand. Contaminated bottles are sold to industries using low grade plastic and only badly contaminated bottles go to landfill. Cost of land use and associated environmental damage is calculated as a present worth and charged to the manufacture. Analyses conducted on this model found that the amount of bottles collected had the largest influence on the outcome of the total system unit time cost. Alternative materials to PET that degrade faster are surveyed and used to demonstrate significant reduction in the cost of landfill disposal. Analysis using a minimal market price for remanufactured and newly produced bottles resulted in profit.

THE ALLIED NEUTRAL? PORTUGUESE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS WITH THE UK AND GERMANY IN THE SECOND WORLD WAR, 1939-1945

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-110
Author(s):  
Eric Golson
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Third Party ◽  
World War ◽  
Portuguese Empire ◽  
Active Choice ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Second World

ABSTRACTIn September 1939, Portugal made a realist strategic choice to preserve the Portuguese Empire maintaining by its neutrality and also remaining an ally of Great Britain. While the Portuguese could rely largely on their colonies for raw materials to sustain the mainland, the country had long depended on British transportation for these goods and the Portuguese military. With the British priority now given to war transportation, Portugal's economy and Empire were particularly vulnerable. The Portuguese dictator Antonio Salazar sought to mitigate this damage by maintaining particularly friendly financial relations with the British government, including increased exports of Portuguese merchandise and services and permission to accumulate credits in Sterling to cover deficits in the balance of payments. This paper gives an improved set of comprehensive statistics for the Anglo-Portuguese and German–Portuguese relationships, reported in Pounds and according to international standards. The reported statistics include the trade in merchandise, services, capital flows, loans and third-party transfers of funds in favour of the British account. When compared with the German statistics, the Anglo-Portuguese figures show the Portuguese government favoured the British in financial relations, an active choice by Salazar to maintain the Portuguese Empire.

Born Digital? Digitization and the Birth of the Moroccan National Archives

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 195-218
Author(s):  
Nora El Qadim
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Archival Institution ◽  
National Archives ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Set Up

Abstract:This article examines the digitization policy of Archives du Maroc (AdM), Morocco’s national archival institution, which was set up in 2011 and opened in 2013. Given its recent creation, the AdM lead us to question the particularity of digitization in archiving policies when included from the start rather than retroactively. Through an analysis of the creation and development of AdM as a public policy connected to national efforts at transparency and “good governance,” I argue that digitization has served as a way of performing modernity through technology and international standards, thus reinforcing the legitimacy of a nascent institution.

River Soil & Sand Solidified Blocks as Ballast in Beach Protection

2013 ◽  
Vol 779-780 ◽  
pp. 323-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Min Mao ◽  
Da Feng Gao
Keyword(s):  
Yangtze River ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Curing Agent ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Time Stability ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Concrete Blocks ◽  
Protection Engineering

This paper deals with the feasibility of beach protection project alternative materials - the Yangtze River soil and sand, applies PCSB curing agent to solidify it and to produce beach protection blocks. Experimental studies on the performance of strength, setting time, stability and anti-erosion have been carried out to inquire into the regularity of solidification. Using soil and sand curing blocks instead of concrete blocks in the application of Yangtze River beach protection engineering has advantages of technology, economy and environment protection etc.

scholarly journals Modeling the Supply Process Using the Application of Selected Methods of Operational Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Chovancová ◽  
Vladimír Klapita
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Operational Analysis ◽  
Intermediate Products ◽  
The Subject

AbstractSupply process is one of the most important enterprise activities. All raw materials, intermediate products and products, which are moved within enterprise, are the subject of inventory management and by their effective management significant improvement of enterprise position on the market can be achieved. For that reason, the inventory needs to be managed, monitored, evaluated and affected. The paper deals with utilizing the methods of the operational analysis in the field of inventory management in terms of achieving the economic efficiency and ensuring the particular customer’s service level as well.

Structural Analysis and Optimization Design of Motor Hanging Seat Structural Based on Pro/ENGINEER

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Shun Xi Gao ◽  
Shu Guo Zhao ◽  
Li Fang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Parametric Model ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Displacement Constraints

This paper establishes a parametric model on the motor hanging seat structure by pro / ENGINEER software, and then optimizes the structure of the hanging seat by the weight of the hanging seat as the objective function. Taking into account the stress and displacement constraints in the optimization process, the weight of the hanging seat is greatly reduced after being optimized. It is practical significance to save a large amount of raw materials for the mass production and to reduce production costs and create higher economic efficiency.

scholarly journals Characteristic of materials for the 3D printed building constructions by additive printing

2018 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 01013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Pacewicz ◽  
Anna Sobotka ◽  
Łukasz Gołek
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Three dimensional printing is a promising new technology to erect construction objects. Around the world in every moment a new prototypes constructions are made by using this method. Three dimensional printing is taken into account as technology which can be used to print constructions in automated way on the Moon or Mars. The raw materials, which can be used with three dimensional printing have to fulfil basic requirements for those which are used in construction. That means that components of printing mortars are made from ingredients easily accessible in area nearby construction site and can be reusable. The cost of printing building objects due to that requirements is comparable to costs of traditional building, which are currently available. However additive techniques of printing needs a dedicated mortars for printer supplying. Characteristic for such mortars is: setting time, compressive strength, followability in the printing system, shape stability of every printed layer, controlling the hydration rate to ensure bonding with the subsequent layer, reusable capabilities, easily accessible raw materials, cost of such mixtures shouldn’t be too high in order to keep 3D printing competitive for traditional ways of building, mortar components should be recyclable and printing process should not influence negatively on an environment and people. All properties of printing mortars are determined by the device for additive application method. In this paper review of available materials used for three dimensional printing technology at construction site is presented. Presented materials were analysed in terms of requirements for building materials technology. Due to the lack of detailed information’s in available literature, regarding to the properties of raw materials, the results of this analysis may be used in the designing of new concrete mixtures for the use in three-dimensional printing technology for construction.

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