Prevalence and Impact of Sucking Insect Pests on Cotton Crop

Background: Cultivation of cotton, the staple fiber crop, is expanding in Bangladesh. The crop suffers from the infestation of the sucking insect pests i.e., aphid and jassid. This study investigated the physiomorphic traits, yield and quality of cotton plants regarding the abundance of aphid and jassid.Methods: The study was conducted in Gazipur, Bangladesh with the cotton varieties namely CB12, CB13, CB14, CB15 and HC1. Abundance of the insect pests was recorded through weekly inspection of the field.Result: The tested cotton varieties showed differences in physiomorphic traits, yield and quality attributes. Statistically, aphid and jassid showed the lowest abundance on CB14 and HC1 varieties, respectively and the variety CB14 revealed the lowest plant deformities and resulted the highest yield and quality attributes. Aphid and jassid populations revealed a negative correlation with leaf trichomes and phytochemical contents but showed a positive correlation with the number of leaves plant-1.

Preparation of the polyester/cotton composite yarn with alternating segmented structure and interval color via a promising physical spinning approach

Herein, a novel kind of composite yarn with alternating segmented structure and interval color has been prepared based on a ring spinning approach. By adjusting the relative motion and blend ratio of the colored polyester filament and natural cotton staple fiber in yarn spinning process, a series of composite yarns were designed and prepared with various segmented structure and cyclical change of the distinct colors. The blend ratio was found to strongly influence on the segment frequency and yarn performance, achieving an improved mechanical property and yarn performance. A color systematic analysis indicated that the combination of alternating structural change induced interval color sense and gradient at the merged regions would lead to an enhanced stereoscopic visual effect of the composite yarns. Moreover, the composite yarns were confirmed to have an excellent weavability and able to endow different patterns and visual effects to the textiles. Thus, considering of the above advantages and multifunctionalities, this work should spur great possibilities for dyeing industry with the promising physical spinning method.

Water footprint assessment of viscose staple fiber garments

The viscose fiber industry forms a large part of the textile industry and is a typical water consumption and wastewater discharge industry. As a tool to quantify environmental impacts in terms of water resources, the water footprint assessment (WFA) is a control method for the textile and apparel industry to measure water consumption and wastewater discharge. In this study, the water footprints of viscose staple fiber blouses and blended men's suits were comprehensively evaluated based on the ISO 14046 standard and the life cycle assessment (LCA) polygon method. The WFA results from our study indicate that the production stage of viscose staple fiber garments has the most significant water resource environmental load. Specifically, the water footprint related to the production of viscose staple fiber for three types of clothing accounted for more than 50% of the total water footprint, with men's 100% viscose staple fiber suits having the largest impact on water resources and the environment. Furthermore, our results indicate that the water alkaline footprint is primarily influenced by the viscose staple fiber production as well as the dyeing and finishing processes. NaOH and Na2CO3 are the main pollutants that caused the water alkaline footprint. In addition, the water ecotoxicity footprint was the major driving factor of water resource environmental load. Zn2+ is the main pollutant that caused the water ecotoxicity footprint.

Study on shape retention properties of filament/staple fiber composite yarns and fabrics

Purpose With the improvement of living standards and acceleration of working pace, the shape retention property of textiles has attracted more attention. Yarn spinning is the first fundamental process in making textiles and apparel, and the properties of yarn influence the performance of textiles directly. Filament/staple fiber composite yarn is a kind of yarn spun by filament and staple fiber, and comprehensive qualities of yarn can be improved. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the shape retention properties of filament/staple fiber composite yarns and corresponding fabrics. Design/methodology/approach Four kinds of composite yarn, core-spun yarn with one 50D SPH filament feeding, sirofil wrapped yarn with one 50D SPH filament feeding from left, sirofil wrapped yarn with one 50D SPH filament feeding from right, sirofil wrapped yarn with two 25D SPH filaments feeding from two sides, were spun. The qualities of spun yarns were measured. Then, corresponding two kinds of twill fabrics were woven by core-spun yarn and sirofil wrapped yarn with two filaments, respectively. The handle parameters, crease recovery, appearance leveling after washing, dimensional change rate after washing, strength and elongation and tensile elasticity were tested by using corresponding test instruments. Findings The tested results of spun yarn qualities show that comparing with the core-spun yarn, the evenness of sirofil wrapped yarn is improved, the hairiness is reduced, and the breaking strength and elongation are increased. Comparing with sirofil wrapped yarn with one filament, the evenness of sirofil wrapped yarn with two filaments is improved. The measured results of fabrics properties show that under the same weaving process, comparing to the fabric woven by core-spun yarn, the dimension of fabric woven by sirofil wrapped yarn is small after desizing, and warp and weft density is large. The possible reason is that the shrinkage of the SPH filament outside the sirofil wrapped yarn happens after desizing, which also makes the dimensional change rate after washing of the corresponding fabric large, and crease recovery poor. Originality/value In the paper, for improving the shape retention properties of the pure cotton woven fabric, one kind of SPH filament was added to the woven fabric by spinning filament/staple fiber composite yarns. Four kinds of composite yarn, core-spun yarn with one 50D SPH filament, sirofil wrapped yarn with one 50D SPH filament feeding from the left side, sirofil wrapped yarn with one 50D SPH filament feeding from the right side, sirofil wrapped yarn with two 25D SPH filaments feeding from two sides, were spun. Two kinds of twill fabrics were weaving by core-spun yarn and sirofil wrapped yarn with two filaments, respectively.

The three-dimensional model of staple yarn formation simulated from randomly assembled fibers

The modeling and simulation of the staple fiber spinning process is still a challenging concept in yarn technology due to the complexity of the process and uncontrollable parameters. This work presents a staple fiber yarn formation model based on the ideal assumptions about the configuration of the fibers and the cross-section of the sliver. The model presented utilizes a novel designed computer algorithm that randomly arranges staple fibers of defined length to simulate the typical arrangement of the fibers in a roving in the form of a fiber strand, which is then simulated in ABAQUS software to undergo the yarn formation stages, and the details are analyzed. The simulation results show the entire process of the twisting of the sliver and calculation of the configurational changes of each fiber in the strands is extracted. According to the model, the stages of the twisting of the sliver into the yarn are captured and presented, and the process of how the sliver converts to the yarn is analyzed in detail. In the real twisting experiment of the sliver, the propagation of the twist and the configurational changes of the fibers in the simulation experiment were verified. The experimental and numerical data are in good agreement and the model presents a precise mechanism for yarn formation. The work can be utilized to classify and understand fiber behavior during yarn processing, which can result in optimizing the staple fiber spinning technology.