scholarly journals The Triangulation Reduction Analysis of Acute Triangle

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fauzi Janu Amarrohman ◽  
L M Sabri ◽  
Moehammad Awaluddin ◽  
Bambang Darmo Yuwono
Keyword(s):  
Reference Value ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Total Station ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Positioning Method ◽  
Plane Projection ◽  
Acute Triangle ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Different Levels

Positioning on the surface of the earth using the triangulation method can be done in two ways, namely terrestrial method for example by measuring the angle and distance using the total station tool and extraterrestrial methods for example by using satellite-based positioning technology. Extraterrestrial positioning method using the global navigation satellite system combined with terrestrial methods by measuring angles and distances using the total station tool is one alternative to positioning well. In this study position determination will only be calculated using two intermediate calculation plane, on the ellipsoid projection and in the plane projection. Of course, in a process of measuring position for the same point but using different methods it will produce different levels of accuracy. From the results of the comparison in determining the definitive coordinate value generated by the count on the ellipsoid projection with the Gauss-Helmert method, the definitive value that is closer to the reference value measured by static measurements methods rather than definitive coordinates produced through calculations in the plane projection.

An Assessment of CYGNSS Ocean Wind Speed Products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Hammond ◽  
Giuseppe Foti ◽  
Christine Gommenginger ◽  
Meric Srokosz ◽  
Nicolas Floury
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
The Earth ◽  
L1 Data ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Ocean Wind

<p>Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) is an innovative and rapidly developing approach to Earth Observation that makes use of signals of opportunity from Global Navigation Satellite Systems, which have been reflected off the Earth’s surface. CYGNSS is a constellation of 8 satellites launched in 2016 which use GNSS-R technology for the remote sensing of ocean wind speed. The ESA ECOLOGY project aims to evaluate CYGNSS data which has recently undergone a series of improvements in the calibration approach. Using CYGNSS collections above the ocean surface, an assessment of Level-1 calibration is presented, alongside a performance evaluation of Level-2 wind speed products. L1 data collected by the individual satellites are shown to be generally well inter-calibrated and remarkably stable over time, a significant improvement over previous versions. However, some geographical biases are found, which appear to be linked to a number of factors including the transmitter-receiver pair considered, viewing geometry, and surface elevation. These findings provide a basis for further improvement of CYGNSS products and have wider applicability to improving calibration of GNSS-R sensors for remote sensing of the Earth.</p>

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE VOLUME COMPARATION OF 3’S (TS, GNSS and TLS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Khomsin ◽  
Danar Guruh Pratomo ◽  
Ira Mutiara Anjasmara ◽  
Faizzuddin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Total Station ◽  
Volume Calculation ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Recently, technological developments in the field of surveys and mapping are growing very rapidly such as total station, navigation satellite (Global Navigation Satellite System), drones and laser scanners. One application of this technology is to measure a stockpile area quickly and accurately. This research will measure two stockpiles (coal warehouses) using total station (TS), GNSS and terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). This research will compare the results of volume calculations with the data generated by 3’S (TS, GNSS and TLS). Research is conducted at Coal Yard PT. Barkalin Surabaya in Benowo District, Surabaya, East City with geographically located at 112°39'11'’ E and 7°07’13‘' S. The first step is to make 3D model of Laser Scanner data by TLS Faro 3D 120 and to do regristrastion and filltering using Faro Scene. After that the data export to be 3D model from Faro Scene format to Recap 2016 (.rcp) to present and get coordinates. The next step is to compare the coordinates from TLS, TS and GNSS RTK. Finally, the accuracy of volume calculation from TS and GNSS RTK can be compared to TLS. The volume differences between TS and TLS data are -7.31 m3 (-0.45%) for the 1st location and -6.89 m3 (-0.24%) for the 2nd location. While the volume differences between GNSS RTK and TLS are -10.34 m3 (-0.63%) and -9.05 m3 (-0.31%) for the 1st location and the 2nd location respectively. Generally, the volume differences between TLS, TS and GNSS RTK are not significant. Therefore, 3’S can be used to measure a volume of stockpile.

scholarly journals Integrity Monitoring of PPP-RTK Positioning; Part I: GNSS-Based IM Procedure

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Kan Wang ◽  
Ahmed El-Mowafy ◽  
Weijin Qin ◽  
Xuhai Yang
Keyword(s):  
Road Transport ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Convergence Time ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Integrity Monitoring ◽  
Network Scale ◽  
Positioning Method ◽  
Multipath Environment ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Nowadays, integrity monitoring (IM) is required for diverse safety-related applications using intelligent transport systems (ITS). To ensure high availability for road transport users for in-lane positioning, a sub-meter horizontal protection level (HPL) is expected, which normally requires a much higher horizontal positioning precision of, e.g., a few centimeters. Precise point positioning-real-time kinematic (PPP-RTK) is a positioning method that could achieve high accuracy without long convergence time and strong dependency on nearby infrastructure. As the first part of a series of papers, this contribution proposes an IM strategy for multi-constellation PPP-RTK positioning based on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals. It analytically studies the form of the variance-covariance (V-C) matrix of ionosphere interpolation errors for both accuracy and integrity purposes, which considers the processing noise, the ionosphere activities and the network scale. In addition, this contribution analyzes the impacts of diverse factors on the size and convergence of the HPLs, including the user multipath environment, the ionosphere activity, the network scale and the horizontal probability of misleading information (PMI). It is found that the user multipath environment generally has the largest influence on the size of the converged HPLs, while the ionosphere interpolation and the multipath environments have joint impacts on the convergence of the HPL. Making use of 1 Hz data of Global Positioning System (GPS)/Galileo/Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) signals on L1 and L5 frequencies, for small- to mid-scaled networks, under nominal multipath environments and for a horizontal PMI down to , the ambiguity-float HPLs can converge to 1.5 m within or around 50 epochs under quiet to medium ionosphere activities. Under nominal multipath conditions for small- to mid-scaled networks, with the partial ambiguity resolution enabled, the HPLs can converge to 0.3 m within 10 epochs even under active ionosphere activities.

scholarly journals An Extended Kalman Filter and Back Propagation Neural Network Algorithm Positioning Method Based on Anti-lock Brake Sensor and Global Navigation Satellite System Information

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Hu ◽  
Zhongli Wu ◽  
Xiongzhen Qin ◽  
Huangzheng Geng ◽  
Zhangbin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Back Propagation ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Back Propagation Neural Network ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
T Box ◽  
Positioning Method ◽  
Heading Angle ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Telematics box (T-Box) chip-level Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver modules usually suffer from GNSS information failure or noise in urban environments. In order to resolve this issue, this paper presents a real-time positioning method for Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) algorithms based on Antilock Brake System (ABS) sensor and GNSS information. Experiments were performed using an assembly in the vehicle with a T-Box. The T-Box firstly use automotive kinematical Pre-EKF to fuse the four wheel speed, yaw rate and steering wheel angle data from the ABS sensor to obtain a more accurate vehicle speed and heading angle velocity. In order to reduce the noise of the GNSS information, After-EKF fusion vehicle speed, heading angle velocity and GNSS data were used and low-noise positioning data were obtained. The heading angle speed error is extracted as target and part of low-noise positioning data were used as input for training a BPNN model. When the positioning is invalid, the well-trained BPNN corrected heading angle velocity output and vehicle speed add the synthesized relative displacement to the previous absolute position to realize a new position. With the data of high-precision real-time kinematic differential positioning equipment as the reference, the use of the dual EKF can reduce the noise range of GNSS information and concentrate good-positioning signals of the road within 5 m (i.e. the positioning status is valid). When the GNSS information was shielded (making the positioning status invalid), and the previous data was regarded as a training sample, it is found that the vehicle achieved 15 minutes position without GNSS information on the recycling line. The results indicated this new position method can reduce the vehicle positioning noise when GNSS information is valid and determine the position during long periods of invalid GNSS information.

Vehicle Localization Based on Global Navigation Satellite System Aided by Three-Dimensional Map

2017 ◽  
Vol 2621 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlei Gu ◽  
Li-Ta Hsu ◽  
Shunsuke Kamijo
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Vehicle Localization ◽  
Localization System ◽  
Gnss Positioning ◽  
Positioning Method ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Accurate vehicle localization technologies are significant for current onboard navigation systems and future autonomous vehicles. More specifically, positioning accuracy is expected at the submeter level. This paper presents an accurate vehicle self-localization system and evaluates the proposed system in different classes of urban environments. The developed system adopts an innovative global navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning method as the key technique. The GNSS positioning method can improve the positioning error by reducing the effects of multipath interference and non-line-of-sight errors with the aid of a three-dimensional map. To improve positioning accuracy further, the vehicle localization system integrates the GNSS positioning technique with inertial sensors and vision sensors by considering the characteristics of each sensor. The inertial sensors represent vehicle movement with heading direction and vehicle speed. The vision sensor is used to recognize the position change relative to lane markings on the road surface. Those techniques and sensors collaborate to provide an accurate position in the global coordinate system. To verify the effectiveness and stability of the proposed system, a series of tests was conducted in one of the most challenging urban cities, Tokyo. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed system can achieve submeter accuracy for the positioning error mean and has a 90% correct lane rate in the localization.

scholarly journals Sensing the Earth using Global Navigation Satellite System signals

Eos ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (48) ◽  
pp. 444-444
Author(s):  
Shuanggen Jin ◽  
Chris Rizos ◽  
Antonio Rius
Keyword(s):  
Global Navigation Satellite System ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

scholarly journals Estimation of fractional cycle bias for GPS/BDS-2/Galileo based on international GNSS monitoring and assessment system observations using the uncombined PPP model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Wang ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Guanwen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Estimation Method ◽  
Satellite Orbit ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Fractional Cycle Bias ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Consistency ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

AbstractThe Fractional Cycle Bias (FCB) product is crucial for the Ambiguity Resolution (AR) in Precise Point Positioning (PPP). Different from the traditional method using the ionospheric-free ambiguity which is formed by the Wide Lane (WL) and Narrow Lane (NL) combinations, the uncombined PPP model is flexible and effective to generate the FCB products. This study presents the FCB estimation method based on the multi-Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) precise satellite orbit and clock corrections from the international GNSS Monitoring and Assessment System (iGMAS) observations using the uncombined PPP model. The dual-frequency raw ambiguities are combined by the integer coefficients (4,− 3) and (1,− 1) to directly estimate the FCBs. The details of FCB estimation are described with the Global Positioning System (GPS), BeiDou-2 Navigation Satellite System (BDS-2) and Galileo Navigation Satellite System (Galileo). For the estimated FCBs, the Root Mean Squares (RMSs) of the posterior residuals are smaller than 0.1 cycles, which indicates a high consistency for the float ambiguities. The stability of the WL FCBs series is better than 0.02 cycles for the three GNSS systems, while the STandard Deviation (STD) of the NL FCBs for BDS-2 is larger than 0.139 cycles. The combined FCBs have better stability than the raw series. With the multi-GNSS FCB products, the PPP AR for GPS/BDS-2/Galileo is demonstrated using the raw observations. For hourly static positioning results, the performance of the PPP AR with the three-system observations is improved by 42.6%, but only 13.1% for kinematic positioning results. The results indicate that precise and reliable positioning can be achieved with the PPP AR of GPS/BDS-2/Galileo, supported by multi-GNSS satellite orbit, clock, and FCB products based on iGMAS.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of multi-GNSSs navigation in super synchronous transfer orbit and geostationary earth orbit

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Shi ◽  
Xuebin Zhuang ◽  
Liwei Xie
Keyword(s):  
Global Navigation Satellite System ◽  
Autonomous Navigation ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Earth Orbit ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Geostationary Earth Orbit ◽  
Beidou Navigation Satellite System ◽  
Transfer Orbit ◽  
High Orbit ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

AbstractThe autonomous navigation of the spacecrafts in High Elliptic Orbit (HEO), Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) and Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO) based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) are considered feasible in many studies. With the completion of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System with Global Coverage (BDS-3) in 2020, there are at least 130 satellites providing Position, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) services. In this paper, considering the latest CZ-5(Y3) launch scenario of Shijian-20 GEO spacecraft via Super-Synchronous Transfer Orbit (SSTO) in December 2019, the navigation performance based on the latest BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), Global Positioning System (GPS), Galileo Navigation Satellite System (Galileo) and GLObal NAvigation Satellite System (GLONASS) satellites in 2020 is evaluated, including the number of visible satellites, carrier to noise ratio, Doppler, and Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). The simulation results show that the GEO/Inclined Geo-Synchronous Orbit (IGSO) navigation satellites of BDS-3 can effectively increase the number of visible satellites and improve the PDOP in the whole launch process of a typical GEO spacecraft, including SSTO and GEO, especially for the GEO spacecraft on the opposite side of Asia-Pacific region. The navigation performance of high orbit spacecrafts based on multi-GNSSs can be significantly improved by the employment of BDS-3. This provides a feasible solution for autonomous navigation of various high orbit spacecrafts, such as SSTO, MEO, GEO, and even Lunar Transfer Orbit (LTO) for the lunar exploration mission.

scholarly journals OutFin, a multi-device and multi-modal dataset for outdoor localization based on the fingerprinting approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Alhomayani ◽  
Mohammad H. Mahoor
Keyword(s):  
Global Navigation Satellite System ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Entry Barrier ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

AbstractIn recent years, fingerprint-based positioning has gained researchers’ attention since it is a promising alternative to the Global Navigation Satellite System and cellular network-based localization in urban areas. Despite this, the lack of publicly available datasets that researchers can use to develop, evaluate, and compare fingerprint-based positioning solutions constitutes a high entry barrier for studies. As an effort to overcome this barrier and foster new research efforts, this paper presents OutFin, a novel dataset of outdoor location fingerprints that were collected using two different smartphones. OutFin is comprised of diverse data types such as WiFi, Bluetooth, and cellular signal strengths, in addition to measurements from various sensors including the magnetometer, accelerometer, gyroscope, barometer, and ambient light sensor. The collection area spanned four dispersed sites with a total of 122 reference points. Each site is different in terms of its visibility to the Global Navigation Satellite System and reference points’ number, arrangement, and spacing. Before OutFin was made available to the public, several experiments were conducted to validate its technical quality.

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