scholarly journals Clinical-laboratory Manifestations of Myocarditis in Dogs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy Shumakov ◽  
Ludmila Kletikova ◽  
Alexanderx Martynov ◽  
Victoria Khrushcheva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Left Atrium ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Electrocardiographic Study

The leading clinical signs of myocarditis in dogs were the sudden development of signs of disease, refusal to eat, dyspnea at rest, rapid fatigue. At the diagnostic stage, the position of animals forced, lying, increased breathing speed up to 60-72 movements per minute, pale visible mucous membranes and conjunctiva, weak filling of pulse, rapid filling of capillaries, high blood pressure, increase in the number of leukocytes up to 25–27×109/l, SRS up to 15,4–17,4 mg/l, troponin up to 3,85–4,2 ng/ml. Electrocardiographic study established sinus or ectopic rhythm, heart rate 133– 198 oz/min, conductivity disturbance and deceleration. ECHOKG showed moderate expansion of the left ventricle, moderate expansion of the left atrium. Sealing of the mitral valve leaves, regurgitation on the mitral valve of the first degree. Left ventricular myocardium is inhomogeneous, wall echogenicity is increased. Fraction of contractility 16–18 %. After establishment of a dietary regime and correction of conditions of the maintenance, to dogs strictly with a twelve-hour interval twice a day are appointed vedmedin (0,25 mg/kg), sotalol (1,5 mg/kg), sinulox (20 mg/kg), mexidol-vet (1 table), verospheron (1 mg/kg). As a result of four-week monitoring of patients’ condition positive results were noted: lack of dyspnea, normalization of pulse rate and blood pressure, reduction of capillary filling rate up to 1 second, leukocyte concentration up to 12,6–15,7 ×109/l, SRS up to 1,3–1,4 mg/l, troponin up to 0,09–0,17 ng/ml. The electrocardiographic study showed a decrease in the height of teeth R and P, increase in the intervals P-Q and Q-T. The sinus rhythm is irregular. Echokg showed expansion of the left ventricle, moderate expansion of the left atrium. Sealing of mitral valve leaves, regurgitation on mitral valve of the first degree. Left ventricular myocardium is less heterogeneous, wall echogenicity is increased. Fraction of contractility 23–24 %. It is difficult to predict the outcome of the disease at this stage, as the age of dogs is 7–12 years, and in many respects the quality of life will be provided by their owners.

scholarly journals Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease with Mitral Valve Prolapse and Mitral Annular Disjunction: Clinical and Functional Significance of the Coincidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Nina C. Wunderlich ◽  
Siew Yen Ho ◽  
Nir Flint ◽  
Robert J. Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Disease ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mitral Annulus ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Basal Portion

The morphological changes that occur in myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) involve various components, ultimately leading to the impairment of mitral valve (MV) function. In this context, intrinsic mitral annular abnormalities are increasingly recognized, such as a mitral annular disjunction (MAD), a specific anatomical abnormality whereby there is a distinct separation between the mitral annulus and the left atrial wall and the basal portion of the posterolateral left ventricular myocardium. In recent years, several studies have suggested that MAD contributes to myxomatous degeneration of the mitral leaflets, and there is growing evidence that MAD is associated with ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. In this review, the morphological characteristics of MAD and imaging tools for diagnosis will be described, and the clinical and functional aspects of the coincidence of MAD and myxomatous MVP will be discussed.

scholarly journals Successful Surgical Treatment of Postinfarction Rupture of Left Ventricular Myocardium

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
M. K. Mazanov ◽  
N. I. Kharitonova ◽  
A. A. Baranov ◽  
S. Yu. Kambarov ◽  
N. M. Bikbova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Free Wall ◽  
Fatal Complication ◽  
Widespread Availability ◽  
Complications Of Myocardial Infarction

ABSTRACT. The rupture of the left ventricle free wall is one of the most dangerous complications of myocardial infarction. Due to the widespread availability of echocardiography method, the detection of this fatal complication and the number of lives saved after surgery grew. The survival of patients depends on early diagnosis, stabilization of the patient’s condition, promptness and tactics of surgical intervention. We report a case of successful closure of a rupture of the left ventricle free wall on the 15th day after myocardial infarction.

Alterations in cardiac [14C]deoxyglucose uptake induced by two renal afferent stimuli

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (5) ◽  
pp. R867-R877
Author(s):  
N. L. Herman ◽  
D. R. Kostreva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Renal Nerve ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
Renal Nerve Stimulation

The reflex effects of renal afferents on the heart were studied in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats (400-425 g) using 2-[14C]deoxyglucose (DG). Three groups of rats were given a single bolus injection of DG (100 mu Ci/kg) 1) six controls, 2) four with periodic electrical stimulation of the proximal end of a cut renal nerve (2 Hz, 0.5-ms width) and 1-mA current, and 3) six with intermittent renal venous occlusion (unilateral). Forty-five minutes after injection the heart was removed, cooled quickly, and frozen-sectioned. Sections 20 micron thick were exposed to film for 12 days. The resulting autoradiographs were scanned using a computerized densitometer, and these densities were converted to relative glucose utilization (GlU, mumol X 100 g-1 X min-1) using the lumped constant for rat brain. Both renal venous occlusion and renal afferent nerve stimulation resulted in a decrease in blood pressure of 6.7 +/- 0.6 mmHg (P less than 0.001) and 7.3 +/- 0.7 mmHg (P less than 0.001) and heart rate-blood pressure product of 5.6 +/- 0.7% (P less than 0.001) and 8.8 +/- 0.8% (P less than 0.001), respectively, and afferent renal nerve stimulation induced a decrease in heart rate of 7.2 +/- 0.9 beats/min (P less than 0.01). However, when compared with control, renal venous occlusion induced a significant increase in GlU in left ventricular myocardium (LV myo, P less than 0.05), endocardium (LV endo, P less than 0.001), and papillary muscle (LV pap, P less than 0.001), whereas afferent renal nerve stimulation induced a significant increase in GlU in LV endo (P less than 0.05) and LV pap (P less than 0.002) only. This study shows both a reflex increase in GlU for the rat heart and a decrease in heart rate with either renal vein occlusion or afferent renal nerve stimulation.

scholarly journals Function of the left ventricular myocardium in patients with systemic sclerosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
Marina Deljanin-Ilic ◽  
Stevan Ilic ◽  
Bojana Stamenkovic
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Tissue Doppler ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Female Patients

Deposits of myocardial fibrosis are the principal cause of myocardial dysfunction and poor prognosis in the patients with systemic sclerosis. Our aim was to assess whether there are changes in regional function of the left ventricular myocardium in female patients with systemic sclerosis without clinical signs and symptoms of cardiovascular disease. The study included 23 female patients with systemic sclerosis (without cardiovascular disease and with normal global systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle) and 21 healthy female controls. In both groups, pulsed wave tissue Doppler imaging was done at rest and during exercise stress test echocardiography. The myocardial function was assessed from the basal segments in systola and diastola. The level achieved and duration of exercise tests were significantly reduced in the patients with systemic sclerosis compared to the controls (P<0.001 for both). The patients had significantly lower baseline regional systolic (P<0.02) and diastolic (P<0.001) myocardial functions, which became even more evident after the exercise test. During the test, those with systemic sclerosis demonstrated a smaller increase of systolic (20.6%) and diastolic (6.5%) function compared to the controls (systolic by 32.3% and diastolic by 25.0%). Quantification of regional function of the left ventricular myocardium using pulsed wave tissue Doppler imaging demonstrated an impaired systolic and diastolic myocardial function in the female patients with systemic sclerosis who had no clinical signs and symptoms of a cardiovascular disease.

Double-Orifice Mitral Valve Associated with Noncompaction of Left Ventricular Myocardium

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 746-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Sugiyama ◽  
Minako Hoshiai ◽  
Takako Toda ◽  
Shinpei Nakazawa
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Double Orifice

scholarly journals Diagnostics and treatment of arterial hypertension in children and adolescents, overview of new clinical guidelines of the American Academy of Pediatrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. I. Agapitov ◽  
I. V. Cherepnina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
Hypertension In Children

The article analyzes clinical guidelines oftheAmericanAcademy ofPediatrics dd 2017 “ClinicalPractice Guideline forScreening andManagement of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents”. This document contains new values of blood pressure in children, replaces the term “prehypertension” with the term “elevated blood pressure”, provides a simplified classification of arterial hypertension in adolescents over 13 years and revisesthe guidelinesfor daily blood pressure monitoring and echocardiography. The documentspecifiesthe criteria for diagnosing increased body weight of the left ventricular myocardium, changesthe target blood pressure levels. This new guidelines helps to optimize the diagnostics and treatment of hypertension in children. At the same time there is need for further comprehensive analysis of clinicalrecommendations and assessment of their practicalsignificance for pediatrics.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC OF THE ATHLETE’S HEART AND FACTORS AFFECTING ITS DEVELOPING

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 1158-1163
Author(s):  
Serhiy V. Popov ◽  
Oleksandr I. Smiyan ◽  
Andrii M. Loboda ◽  
Viktoriia O. Petrashenko ◽  
Olena K. Redko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Heart Development ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Athlete’S Heart ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ultrasound Study ◽  
And Function ◽  
Athlete's Heart

The aim: Studying the features of the structure and function of the heart in athletes and identifying the factors that influence the development of these changes. Materials and methods: The study included 54 athletes, 29 men and 25 women. The ultrasound study was performed according to standard methods with determining the size of the main structures of the heart, indicators normalized to body surface area, height. Results: The heart of dilatation and hypertrophy of the left ventricular myocardium were found in 25.93% of the athletes. When comparing the diameter of the left ventricle of individual athletes with the average values of the norm, their excess was found in 94.44% of athletes. The Odds ratio (OR) of the relationship between left ventricle diameter (LVd) and time of the exercise less than 10 y was 16.13, time of the exercise less than 5 y – 0.17 (p <0.05). OR of increase LVd to age less than 20 years was 3.56 units (p <0.05). The ejection fraction was above the normative mean in 75.93%, as well as the ratio of the periods of filling of the ventricles. Conclusions: The most common sign of an athlete’s heart development was left ventricular dilatation, which occurred at a rate of 25 percent. Age less than 20 years and the duration of sports activities from 5 to 10 years is associated with a higher frequency of the athlete’s heart.

scholarly journals Physiology-Based Electrocardiographic Criteria for Left Bundle Branch Capture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Jastrzębski ◽  
Grzegorz Kiełbasa ◽  
Karol Curila ◽  
Paweł Moskal ◽  
Agnieszka Bednarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
List Type ◽  
Bundle Branch Block ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
Qrs Morphology ◽  
Ecg Criteria

AbstractBackgroundDuring left bundle branch (LBB) area pacing, it is important to confirm that the capture of the LBB is achieved, not just the capture of only the adjacent left ventricular myocardium (LV septal capture). Our aim was to establish ECG criteria for LBB capture by analyzing ECGs with confirmed LBB capture and non-capture. We hypothesized that since LBB pacing results in physiologic depolarization of the left ventricle then the native QRS can serve as a reference for the diagnosis of LBB capture in the same patient.MethodsOnly patients with direct evidence of LBB capture (output-dependent or refractoriness-dependent QRS morphology transition) were included. Several QRS characteristics were compared between the native rhythm and different types of LBB area capture. Receiver-operator characteristics analysis was performed to determine the optimal V6 R-wave peak time (RWPT) cut-off for LBB diagnosis.ResultsA total of 357 ECG tracing (124 patients) were analyzed: 118 with native rhythm, 124 with non-selective LBB capture, 69 with selective LBB capture and 46 with LV septal capture. Our hypotheses that during LBB capture the paced V6 RWPT (measured from QRS onset) equals the native V6 RWPT and that the paced V6 RWPT (measured from the stimulus) equals the LBB potential to V6 R-wave peak interval were positively validated. Criteria based on these rules had sensitivity and specificity of 98.0–88.2% and 85.7–95.4%, respectively. The optimal and 100% specific V6 RWPT values for differentiation between LBB capture and LV septal capture in patients with narrow QRS / right bundle branch block were 83 ms and 74 ms, respectively; while in patients with left bundle branch block/asystole/ventricular escape the optimal and 100% specific V6 RWPT values were 101 ms and 80 ms, respectively.ConclusionsNovel criteria for LBB capture were developed and optimal V6 RWPT cut-offs were determined.What this study addsWe showed that LBB pacing truly reproduce the physiological depolarization of the left ventricle since the paced V6 RWPT equals the native conduction V6 RWPT.Individualized LBB capture criteria, that use the native QRS as a reference, were developed.The optimal V6 RWPT values for differentiation between LBB capture and LV septal capture were determined, separately for patients with healthy and diseased LBB.

Miscellaneous valvar pathology: Mitral stenosis, pulmonary stenosis, and tricuspid regurgitation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazem Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Left Atrium ◽  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Mitral Stenosis ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Pulmonary Stenosis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cor Triatriatum

Mitral stenosis is obstruction to inflow of blood from left atrium to left ventricle at the level of the mitral valve. Non-valvar causes of left ventricular inflow obstruction include left atrial tumours and cor triatriatum.

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