scholarly journals Gender Identity in Early Childhood

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Cervantes
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Gender Culture ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Different Ages

Background. Some authors indicate that the origin of gender identity in children is between two and three years old. This research report presents evidence against this affirmation based on Cultural–historical Psychology about the acquisition of consciousness through language as a process that begins from early childhood and ends in adolescence. Objective. (1) Characterize concepts about gender identity that have children in early childhood. (2) To compare differences and similarities of the concept of gender identity in children of different ages. Design. The procedure used was the classifying pictures method adapted for this study. We evaluated 32 children from one to five years old about the acquisition of gender identity through a qualitative analysis of data. Results. It was found that children of two and three years old group images by gender stereotypes, while those of four and five are incorporating other criteria such as shape and color. Conclusion. This happens for two reasons: first, the incorporation of the gender culture is a complex process and second, the school promotes a classification system that allows to order the worldbased on criteria other than gender. Keywords: concepts, gender identity, early childhood, cultural–historical psychology, Mexico

An investigation of STEM Interest, Mathematics Beliefs and gender stereotypes among pre-service early childhood educators

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Delahunty ◽  
Máire Ní Ríordáin ◽  
Mark Prendergast
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Gender Stereotype ◽  
Early Childhood Teacher ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Underrepresentation Of Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Stem Interest

BackgroundThe underrepresentation of women in STEM fields is a pervasive global issue. Despite evidence casting doubt on the preconceived notions that males outperform females in these domains, gender stereotype beliefs persist and have been highlighted as potential cultural barriers limiting females opportunities. Gender stereotype and ability beliefs emerge in early childhood and recent evidence has highlighted early childhood education as a promising period for the cultivation of positive STEM dispositions. AimsThis study investigated gender stereotype beliefs, mathematical self-beliefs and STEM attitudes among a sample of pre-service early childhood teachers to assess the existence of stereotype endorsements and predictive relationships with STEM interests.SampleParticipants were pre-service early childhood teacher (N=74), mean age 21.17 years, 4 males and 70 femalesMethodsElectronic surveys utilising a series of pre-established scales, measuring gender stereotype bias from ability and cultural perspectives, mathematical self-belief variables (self-efficacy, self-concept, anxiety), and interest in STEM, were distributed. ResultsRegression analysis reveal previous level of mathematical study at secondary school, social persuasions as a sources of self-efficacy and gender stereotype endorsements as significant predictors of overall attitude to STEMConclusions Findings suggest the importance of previous school experience and social influences as well as participants’ gender stereotype endorsements in influencing interest in STEM. These data are discussed in light of implications for teachers; future practice and teacher education

3–Dimensional Kinematics of Overarm Throwing Action of Children Age 15 to 30 Months

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1267-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascual Marques-Bruna ◽  
Paul N. Grimshaw
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Elbow Extension ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Ball Release ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Overarm Throwing ◽  
Older Subjects

7 children 15 to 30 mo. old participated in a study of 3–dimensional kinematics of overarm throwing. Children of different ages were considered to be at different developmental stages of motor development. Video recordings were digitised and 3-dimensional coordinates established using the DLT algorithm. Qualitative analysis indicated that the children executed either a ‘static’ or ‘dynamic’ throwing action. Either could further be classified as ‘arm dominated’ or ‘sequentially linked.’ Maximum elbow extension was no more than 163° for any child; release velocity was higher for older subjects; and the angle of ball release was large in ‘arm-dominated throws’ ( M = 49°) and comparatively smaller in ‘sequentially linked’ throws ( M = 15°).

Michelle Alfano on Her Memoir, The Unfinished Dollhouse

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 163-166
Author(s):  
Liana Cusmano
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Transgender Identity ◽  
Difficult Time

Liana Cusmano’s interview with Toronto author Michelle Alfano offers reflections on gender identity and living through a child’s transitioning. The act of writing helped Alfano overcome the distress she felt during this difficult time. In her memoir The Unfinished Dollhouse, Michelle Alfano recounts the journey she underwent in accepting and embracing her son’s transgender identity. From tell-tale signs in early childhood and the mental and physical afflictions in the early teen years, to the reactions of family and friends and the final steps in a social and medical transition from female to male, Alfano explores the thoughts and feelings she experienced over the years as her son, River, fought to be his truest self.

Improving early childhood creativity through calligraphy activity from coffee dregs

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-67
Author(s):  
Irma Wati ◽  
Raden Rachmy Diana
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Coffee Waste ◽  
Planning Implementation ◽  
Coffee Shops

Creativity in early childhood at TK Pertiwi 26-13 Bogares Kidul is still low. This situation can be seen from the lack of imagination, initiative, and confidence in children to try new activities while learning. The purpose of this research is to increase the creativity, interest, and enthusiasm of children in learning calligraphy. Besides that, it is also to reduce coffee waste in the coffee shops around TK Pertiwi 26-13 Bogares Kidul. This research method uses PTK. The CAR uses the planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The research location was in group B2 in  TK Pertiwi 26-13 Bogares Kidul, with 14 students. The study using tools such as research sheets along with study evidence. For the study of evidence using qualitative analysis. The effect of the research conducted shows that children’s creativity increases. With the data in the first cycle, it was found that 35.7% of the children’s creativity level was then continued in the second cycle, which could be increased up to 80%. Therefore it was concluded that the children’s creativity experienced an increase through calligraphy activities from coffee dreg

scholarly journals The gender identity effect in hypothetical transgressions: a mixed approach exploring undergraduates' attitudes toward transgender individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Maftei ◽  
Narcisa-Anamaria Cojocariu ◽  
Andrei Corneliu Holman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Mixed Method Approach ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Previous Contact ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Method Approach ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

The present study explored the relationship between attitudes toward transgender individuals and the judgments people make in transgression scenarios involving transgender and cisgender individuals of different ages in a sample of 184 Romanian students. We used a mixed-method approach (quantitative and qualitative) and tested the effect of gender identity (cisgender or transgender) on participants' punishments in a hypothetical transgression (i.e., theft). In hypothetical transgressions involving preadolescent transgender and cisgender agents, results suggested no differences in participants' theft punishments. However, adult cisgender transgressors received significantly harsher punishments compared to transgender transgressors. Our qualitative analyses (N=736) suggested that the most frequent categories of responses justifying the punishments confirmed the importance of the agent's age. Our findings suggested no significant associations between participants' gender and reported the previous contact with an LGBTQ member and the punishments they chose for child and adult transgressors. Results are discussed in light of their implication in the contemporary, highly LGBTQ intolerant Romanian context.

Anthropological Study of a Young Perm Family

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-309
Author(s):  
Ksenia A. Yarushina
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Gender Culture ◽  
Anthropological Study ◽  
The Family ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the gender culture in the family, one of the most closed and local socio-cultural institutions. The relevance of this topic is determined by the anthropological turn in modern humanitarian knowledge, and the involvement of new data in scientific circulation, which is obtained as a result of the use of case-study semi-formalized techniques for interviewing respondents. Thus, on the basis of the interviews received, there are reconstructed contradictory forms of gender identity in a young married couple in Perm. The article presents the materials of the respondents’ interviews in the form of narratives consistently presenting the key stages of the relationship. Gradually, the narrative’s characters begin to construct a gender identity in a new cultural institution – their own family. There can be seen a conflict between the characters’ symbolic self-identity and their real practices. The man takes a dominant role in the beginning of the relationship. He objectifies the woman and alone decides when to start the relationship. Then the situation changes. The man’s dominant role is replaced with a passive one. The initiative goes to the woman, who repeats the man’s behavior. At the same time, it turns out that in everyday life, the respondents fill the roles of the husband and wife with special content. The wife’s role includes the mother’s behavior towards her husband, and the husband’s role includes the child’s behavior towards his wife. The family is an inverse patriarchal type of relationship. The woman has a dominant role, but identifies herself as an obedient wife.

Introduction

2015 ◽  
pp. 9-10
Author(s):  
Emily Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Philosophical Analysis ◽  
Moral Ambiguity ◽  
Mise En Scene ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
The Spectator ◽  
Micro Analysis

This introductory chapter provides an overview of Pedro Almodóvar's Talk to Her (2002). The film offers much, both in terms of thematic analysis and micro analysis of the sound, performance, cinematography, editing, and mise-en-scène. Almodóvar can be considered to be a director who is a specialist in gender and the issue of gender identity is explored in Talk to Her, particularly the notion that gender characteristics are fluid and not fixed. Almodóvar's characters simultaneously embody and reject gender stereotypes and share both feminine and masculine attributes. Most of all, what makes Talk to Her such an interesting film to dissect, is the uneasy position that Almodóvar places the spectator in and how its messages and values create moral ambiguity. The film delivers morally complex, hazy messages about rape, voyeurism, and obsession and consequently, the spectator finds humour where they should find revulsion and sympathy where they should find anger. As a result, the film has sparked a great deal of critical, theoretical, and philosophical analysis, particularly around the issue of rape.

Should We Program Robotic Emotions from the Gender Perspective?

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mercedes García-Ordaz ◽  
Rocío Carrasco-Carrasco ◽  
Francisco José Martínez-López
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Feminist Research ◽  
Human Reasoning ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
Complex Decision ◽  
Gender Perspectives

Scientific research on robotic emotions has been increasingly developing for the last few years. It is presumed that in twenty five years’ time there will be robots with emotions capable of taking decisions. Therefore, it is important to determine if people should take into account gender when designing the development of this kind of robotic emotions. Moreover, the authors assume that nowadays there is no intelligence without emotions, which are the ones that ultimately help taking decisions. It is contended here that the emotional elements and features of human reasoning should be taken into account when designing the personality of robots. As has been shown in the last few years, the concept of gender is constructed by socio-cultural factors. Gender perspectives are increasingly being applied to different fields of knowledge. Indeed, and as recent feminist research has highlighted, technology is affected by gender relations. Technology in general has been traditionally considered as a sign of men’s power and masculinity defined in terms of technological capabilities. Nevertheless, current discourses have provided new definitions of technology, of gender identity and of what being human means. In the same way, definitions of gender also change with time, affected by technological developments. The present work aims at demonstrating that the gender perspective is indeed very useful when applied to the field of robotics. Specifically, and when dealing with complex decision-taking, it becomes necessary to analyse which managing activities women can better develop in order to apply them, together with other features, to the design of robotic emotions. The purpose is, then, to propose a robotic model that, after the inclusion of such emotional aspects, breaks with old constrained gender stereotypes and takes a rather liberating view. At the same time, such a proposal should enable researchers to get better results when creating robots capable of managing other robotic teams and taking complex decisions. In short, the authors seek to apply the gender perspective in the analysis of some emotional features to be taken into account before they are applied to the field of robotics.

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