Eco-epidemiological factors' of Head Lice in 10-12 year-old girls in Birjand City in 2017

Introduction: Lice are external parasites found in all socioeconomic classes around the world, which infect millions of people, especially children aged 5-14 years. Considering the growing and epidemiological trend of head lice in recent years, despite careful health care, more prognosis is needed. Therefore, this study aimed to study eco-epidemiological factors of head lice in 10-12 year-old girls in Birjand City in 2017. Methods: This cross-sectional study with descriptive-analytic approach was conducted in Birjand City in the 2017. The participants were selected using cluster sampling method from girl primary schools in Birjand City and its suburb areas. Data were entered into SPSS version 22 and analyzed by logistic regression test at significant level of 0.0.5 Results: Head lice was evaluated in 2417 elementary school girls. The prevalence of head lice infection was 13.6% (n=329) in the population. The prevalence of contamination in urban areas was two times higher than the suburb areas. Significant correlations were observed between head lice infestation and father's education, mother's education, parent's job, family income, nationality, presence of foreigners in a class, habitat, history of previous student infections, presence of an infected person in the family, use of common Chador (piece of cloth worn by Muslim women to cover their body and hair) for praying at school. (p<0.05) Conclusion: The prevalence of head lice infection in the present study was higher than other studies. The prevalence of head lice infection was also higher in the suburbs. So, preventive measures, especially in the suburbs are required with regard to factors associated with infection by the health system.

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A Comparative Study of Breakfast Habits of Romanian and Spanish Adolescents Enrolled in Southern Spain Schools

Practice and Theory in Systems of Education ◽

10.1515/ptse-2015-0026 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 276-284

Author(s):

Encarnación Soriano-Ayala ◽

Verónica C. Cala

Keyword(s):

Primary Schools ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Spain ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cultural Groups ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Leaving Home ◽

And Gender

AbstractIntroduction: Globalization has favored intra-European Commission (EC) and extra-EC migration to Spain. One of the most numerous cultural groups that have settled in the southern Spain is from Romania. Coexistence, especially in schools, has made us become interested in knowing the eating habits at breakfast of Romanian and Spanish populations. Numerous studies show that the food intake at breakfast, mostly made before leaving home, has an incidence on the physic wellbeing of adolescent throughout the day. The processes of acculturation are also inseparable from the eating habits, health and life, that maintain the migrant teenagers. Breakfast is analyzed as one of the habits more associated with diet quality; paradoxically, one of the findings of our study, many adolescents do not take a proper breakfast every day.Objectives: The study analyzes the characteristics and the main cultural and gender differences in the implementation of breakfast: its maintenance or omission in young autochthonous and immigrants of Romanian origin in the southeast Spanish schools. Design. This is a cross-sectional study with a cluster sampling in two Primary schools and seven Secondary schools. The instrument applied was an adaptation of the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire. Sample. It has been formed by 1472 students between 11 and 18 years old; nationality: 1315 were Spanish and 157 were Romanians. Data analysis. Descriptive and differential analyses using the chi-square and U of Mann-Whitney statistics.Results: In the study we identified 1.2% of Spaniards and 3.3% of Romanians who either skip breakfast or do not eat foods throughout the morning. The main breakfast foods of the Spanish students are dairy, bread and cereals, cookies, juice and olive oil; for the Romanian students the basic foods at breakfast are cereals, dairy products, juices, biscuits and jams. We have found significant differences between the two compared cultural groups. We also found significant differences between the food eaten by men of the two cultural groups (Spanish and Romanian) and by the food eaten by women (Spanish and Romanian) in the breakfast food.Conclusions: The results show the need to further promote and implement educational programs that encourage students to make breakfast before leaving home. Also, it is necessary, they take care of the intake of the right foods to start the day and contemplate this habit from a transcultural and gender approach. Significant differences were identified in the breakfast practice food by both genders and cultural groups.

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Anthropometric Dimensions and Classroom Furniture Measurements Among Pre-school Students in Kerman, South East of Iran

Journal of Community Health Research ◽

10.18502/jchr.v10i1.5834 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Seyedi ◽

Mohammad Ali Shahabi-Rabori ◽

Seyed Hassan Eftekhar-Vaghefi

Keyword(s):

Primary Schools ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Production Costs ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Five Dimensions ◽

Preschool Students ◽

East Of Iran ◽

Kerman City

Introduction: With the alternation of the educational system from a three-stage into a two-stage system in Iranian schools since several years ago, five-year-old children entered from kindergartens to primary schools. This study was conducted to investigate the harmonization of classroom furniture with anthropometric dimensions in preschool students. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 366 male and female preschool students were selected by cluster sampling method in Kerman, Iran. Some of the anthropometric dimensions such as shoulder, elbow, and popliteal height, popliteal buttock length, and buttock breadth were measured. mean, maximum, minimum, standard division, and 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles were calculated for both the sexes and were compared with five dimensions of the existing seats. Next, the dimensions of the standard seats were determined according to the anthropometric dimension’s students. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 . Results: Independent-Samples T-test between girl and boy pre- school students in Kerman city showed just popliteal height had a siginificnt diference (p ≤0.05). Match of antropometric musurmants with seat dimentions indicated that there is no consistency between the seats and anthropometric dimensions in. Armrest height, seat height, backrest height, seat depth and seat breadth were matched with (0, 0.5, 10, 6.7, 0) and (0.7, 28.7, 6, 2.5, 0) percent of anthropometric musurments of girl and boy students respectively Conclusions: Due to adding a new grade to primary school, it seems that no work has been done for improving the furniture. Therefore, in this article, we presented the dimensions of an appropriate seat. This may help not only save production costs in the industry but also increase the matching between students' anthropometric and seat dimensions.

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Meat intake among adults: a population-based study in the city of Campinas, Brazil. A cross-sectional study

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/1516-3180.2015.01691609 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 134 (2) ◽

pp. 138-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jaqueline Contrera Avila ◽

Verônica Gronau Luz ◽

Daniela de Assumpção ◽

Regina Mara Fisberg ◽

Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros

Keyword(s):

Family Income ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Meat Intake ◽

Dietary Recall ◽

Health Situation ◽

The City

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Meat is a food with high nutritional density that has significant participation in the Brazilian diet. However, in excess it can cause harm to health. The aim of this study was to analyze the meat intake (g/day) among adults according to sociodemographic, behavioral and health situation characteristics, and to assess the types of meat most consumed. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional population-based study conducted in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, in 2008 and 2009. METHODS: Two-stage cluster sampling was used. The analysis included 948 adults between 20 and 59 years, who were participants in the Campinas Health Survey. Meat intake was assessed using 24-hour dietary recall. RESULTS: The mean meat intake adjusted for sex and age was 182.3 g (95% CI: 170.6-193.9 g), with significantly lower intake among women, individuals aged 50 years or over, those with the presence of two or more self-reported chronic diseases and those with three or more health complaints. Higher meat intake was found in segments with intermediate monthly family income (between 1 and 3 minimum wages), those with 16 or more appliances per household and those who consumed soft drinks seven days a week. Beef was consumed most frequently (44%) among the meats in the diet, followed by poultry, fish and pork. CONCLUSION: The data from this study reveal high meat intake in the population of Campinas and identify the segments that need to be prioritized for strategies directed towards appropriate meat intake.

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A study of Dhat syndrome- a culture bound syndrome in Nepalese context

Journal of Psychiatrists Association of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jpan.v6i1.21770 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 33-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Dhungana ◽

SR Ghimire ◽

M Thapa

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Family Income ◽

Somatic Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mental Health Clinics ◽

Related Information ◽

Health Clinics ◽

Tingling Sensation ◽

Body Ache

Introduction: Dhat syndrome is generally believed to be a culture-bound which is characterized by excessive preoccupation with loss of "Dhat", which is generally taken to be representing semen. The study evaluated the symptoms of patient with Dhat syndrome visiting three mental health clinics of Rupandehi district.Material and Method This descriptive cross- sectional study was conducted in three different Psychiatry outpatient clinics at Rupandehi district of Nepal. Purposive sampling, a type of non-random sampling was utilized for the study. A total 50 patients with Dhat syndrome were enrolled in the study. A semi-structured Performa containing socio-demographic and Dhat syndrome symptoms related information was filled by respondents after providing written informed consent.Results: The patients were predominantly young adults, male with mean age of 23.1±4.6. Majority of them were in age group 18-25 years, hindu by religion, living in non-urban areas, family income of 5000-10000 per month, literate and unmarried. A range of psychological and somatic symptoms associated with Dhat syndrome were revealed. Most common symptoms found in the study were excessive worries (96%), tingling sensation of body (86%), weakness (80%), decrease interest (80%), fatigue (76%), depressed mood (74%), and generalized body ache (72%).Conclusion: Dhat syndrome presented with a range of psychological and somatic symptoms. Any male patient presenting with multiple somatic symptoms must be evaluated for Dhat syndrome and the physician must enquire about the semen loss and the associated beliefs.J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol .6(1), 2017, p.33-37

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Household Food Security During The COVID-19 Pandemic in Urban and Semi-Urban Areas in Indonesia.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-711606/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmad Syafiq ◽

Sandra Fikawati ◽

Syilga Cahya Gemily

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Family Income ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Household Food ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background One of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic was the weakening of the community's economic condition. The weak economy of the community will have an impact on household food security. This study aims to determine food security in the COVID-19 pandemic situation and the impact of the pandemic on food security in urban and semi-urban areas. Methods A cross-sectional study with a total sample of 517 people who live in urban (Jakarta) and semi-urban (Depok) areas. The research data was collected online and purposively through Posyandu cadres who have access to family/community. Data analysis used the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Results There were 65.0% of households had food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that family income during the COVID-19 pandemic (AOR = 4.2; 95%CI = 2.7–6.7), the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (AOR = 2.6; 95%CI = 1.6–4.1), and the age of the respondent (AOR = 1.7; 95%CI = 1.1–2.5) was significantly related to household food security after being controlled by husband's work status during the pandemic. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on employment and income which then decreasing the level of household food security.

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Advertisements in Various Television Channels on Food items & Understandability of Telecasted Programs Influencing Nutritional Status of Urban Graduate Mothers

Bangladesh Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14037 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 65-76

Author(s):

Ayesha Begum ◽

Sonia Zebsyn ◽

Md Aminul Haque Bhuyan

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Child Nutrition ◽

Family Income ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Lactation Period ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out amongst eighty graduate mothers having U-5 years children from different socio-economic groups of Mohammadpur area in Dhaka city. They were interviewed on nutrition related programs thorough television. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of advertisements and understandability of nutrition education programs through different TV channels among the respondents and also the impact of these programs on maternal and child nutrition (MCN). Results of the study showed that the programs of mass media like TV on nutritional aspects influence the nutritional awareness of the respondents. Most of the graduate mothers practiced extra diet as special food taken during pregnancy and lactation period of which television was the major source of knowledge compared to radio, newspaper, doctor and family members. Again 52.5% respondents were normal along with 33.8% respondents were overweight and rests of 13.7% mothers were obese. Furthermore, 82% U5Cs nutritional status were normal whereas only 3% were found in border line according to MUAC. Few U-5 children were found overweight by WAZ. So adult and child overweight are increasing day by day in urban areas which need great attention to prevent chronic diseases. From this study, it was revealed that no relationship exist between family income and nutritional status of the respondents and also between the educational level and nutritional status of them (P value > 0.05). It may be concluded from the study that the exposure to nutrition related programs through different television channels had a role to improve the nutritional status. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14037 Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 24-25 Dec 2011-2012 pp.65-76

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Barriers for Full Immunization Coverage among under Five Years Children in Mogadishu, Somalia

10.21203/rs.2.20263/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohamed Hayir Tahlil Mohamud ◽

Lul Mohamud Mohamed ◽

Mohamed Ali Magan ◽

Mohamed Abdulkadir Mohamud ◽

Abdishakur Abdukadir Muse

Keyword(s):

Family Income ◽

Good Practice ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

P Value ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Under Five

Abstract Background: Immunization is amongst the most cost effective public health interventions for reducing global childhood morbidity and mortality. However globally 9 million deaths of children occur as a result of vaccine-preventable disease, a bigger proportion occurred in sub-Saharan Africa which was 4.4 million. Therefore, this study aimed to assess barriers for complete vaccination coverage among under five years children in Mogadishu, Somalia. Methods: A community based Cross-sectional study was conducted in between April to July, 2019 in Mogadishu-Somalia. Two-stage cluster sampling with systematic random sampling was used to select a sample of 820 households. Data was collected through structured, interviewer administrator questionnaire. In case more eligible children found at single selected household, one child was randomly selected and the information related to immunization was interviewed from his/her caregiver. Results: the overall, fully vaccinated under five years children was found to be 45.2%. Immunization was found to be increased by being a younger caregiver (β = -0.019, P-value=0.042), being married caregiver, being Father with Secondary & above education (AOR=1.755, 95% CI=1.161-2.655, P-value =0.008), being a young child (β = -0.018, P-value=0.011), being children from birth order of fifth & above (AOR=1.539, 95% CI=1.011-2.343, P-value=0.044), Married caregiver (AOR=0.244, 95% CI= 0.063-0.94, P-value=0.041), increased Household monthly family income= (β = 0.003, P-value=0.000), Availability of vaccine at the time of visit (AOR =6.147, 95% CI=1.943-19.441, P-value=0.002), Cost affordability of vaccine =( AOR =1.951, 95% CI=1.238-3.076, P-value=0.004), Being born at health facility (AOR =1.517, 95% CI=1.104-2.086, P-value=0.010), having good Knowledge on immunization (AOR =1.125, 95% CI=1.070-1.181, P-value=0.001), having good Practice on immunization (AOR =2.756, 95% CI=2.233-3.402, P-value=0.001) and having good Perception on vaccine (AOR =4.976, 95% CI=2.183-11.340, P-value =0.001).Conclusion: In conclusion, the result of this study has revealed that the proportion of fully vaccinated under five children in Mogadishu is very low. Steps to promote Health education and vaccine availability should be lounged.

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Maternal Health Care Practices among Mothers of a Selected Slum in Dhaka City

Journal of Enam Medical College ◽

10.3329/jemc.v5i3.24749 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 166-169

Author(s):

Mohoshina Karim ◽

Shayela Farah

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Family Income ◽

Urban Poverty ◽

Asian Country ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Family Welfare ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fear And Anxiety

Background: Bangladesh is a small South Asian country which became independent in 1971 after a bloody war. Rapid urbanisation in Bangladesh (26% of the 147.1 million inhabitants live in urban areas) is fuelling a growth in urban poverty, particularly in the urban slums where the quality of life is extremely poor. The average population density in slums was reported in 2005 as 831 persons per acre or 205,415 people per square kilometre.1 Early commencement of antenatal care by pregnant women as well as regular visits has the potential to affect maternal and foetal outcome.Objective: To assess the status of ANC service used by the pregnant mothers and their socio-demographic characteristics.Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Moghbazar slum area in Dhaka district of Bangladesh, during January to June 2014. A total of 161 slum dwellers were enrolled in the study. Information regarding education, occupation, monthly family income, antenatal care was gathered using a pretested structured questionnnare and data were analysed.Results: The majority respondents had knowledge about antenatal care and of them 89 (55.2%) completed ?3 visits. Forty five (47.8%) pregnant women received ANC from government hospitals. Nearly 72% mothers received ANC service from doctors and 16.9% received from family welfare visitors (FWV). Half of mothers were satisfied with the overall care provided to them. About 86.2% mothers said that they had to wait for more than two hours for check-ups. More than 50% received information about exercise and 36% were reassured about discussing fear and anxiety about pregnancy.Conclusion: This study reveals that antenatal care provided was not up to the mark of standard care and measures should be taken to improve it.J Enam Med Col 2015; 5(3): 166-169

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Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Mentally ill Patients Admitted to Different Hospitals of Dhaka City

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jafmc.v10i2.25921 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 44-49

Author(s):

Maksumul Hakim ◽

Jinnatul Airin ◽

Salma Naher ◽

Mohammad Ali ◽

Mushtaq Ahmad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mentally Ill ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Family Income ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Dhaka City ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

Microsoft Office

Introduction: Mental health is essentially as important as the physical health required of an individual to maintain. There are many factors that seem to play a role in the genesis of mental illness.Objective: This study was conducted among the mentally ill patients admitted to four hospitals of Dhaka city with a view to find out their socio demographic characteristics of mental illness.Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive type of cross sectional study. A total number of 81 patients and their near relatives were interviewed at four medical institutions through a structured questionnaire. A checklist was used for clinical diagnosis of the patients. A master sheet was prepared followed by questionnaire plotting all the information. Then data were analyzed according to objectives and necessary tables were prepared accordingly by case appropriate variables of the study using Microsoft office program.Results: The study results showed that 81.49% patients were male and 18.51% patients were female. Of the total patients 71.61% were found in the age group of unto 30 years. Maximum patients (61.73%) were found within the monthly family income of BDT 2500/- to 4500/- only. 53.03% of patients were married followed by 39.51% of unmarried. The study revealed that 58.02% patients hailed from urban area. 61.73% patients were educated up to secondary level and only 8.64% patients were illiterate. Regarding occupation 27.17% patients were cultivator and 16.05% were students. The study reflected that 48.15% patients were smokers and very few (6.17%) were drug drug addicts. 61.73% patients were living in joint families.50.62% patients did not receive treatment prior to admission. Of the total 49.38% treated cases (prior to admission), 25% cases were treated from the homeopath and only 25% were consulted with specialist.Conclusion: The lower and middle socio economic group and literate group from urban areas living in joint family suffered more from mental illness. There is need for appropriate policy to address the problems of families with mentally ill patients at the family and community levels.Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.10(2) 2014

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Distribution of keratometry and its determinants in a general population of 6- to 12-year-old children

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672117747020 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 3-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hassan Hashemi ◽

Mohammad Saatchi ◽

Mehdi Khabazkhoob ◽

Mohammad Hassan Emamian ◽

Abbasali Yekta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

School Children ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The North ◽

Iranian Children

Purpose: To determine the distribution of keratometry and its determinants in Iranian school children. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 in Shahroud in the north of Iran. The entire rural population of elementary school children was invited to the study. In urban areas, cluster sampling was conducted. Pentacam HR (Oculus Inc., Lynnwood, WA) was used to measure the flat meridian, the steep meridian, and the mean keratometry. Linear regression was used to determine the associated variables with mean keratometry. Results: Of 5620 participated in the study, 5559 children were analyzed after applying the exclusion criteria. Mean keratometry was 43.56 ± 1.96 diopters (D) (95% confidence interval = 43.48–43.64) in the total sample, 43.18 ± 2.23 D (95% confidence interval = 43.09–43.26) in boys, and 44.01 ± 1.46 D (95% confidence interval = 43.95–44.07) in girls (p < 0.001). The highest and lowest mean keratometry was 43.28 ± 1.66 D (95% confidence interval = 43.00–43.55) and 42.89 ±2.70 D (95% confidence interval = 42.68–43.11) in 6-year-old and 10-year-old children, respectively (p = 0.031). The results of multiple linear regression showed that mean keratometry in girls was 0.82 D higher than in boys (p < 0.001), and in groups older than 9 years, it was significantly decreased. Mean keratometry in myopic children was 0.62 D higher than emmetropic children (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study provided valuable findings from the status of keratometry in Iranian children. In line with other studies, corneal power was higher in girls than in boys, and the cornea becomes flatter with age in children.

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