GEOECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK OF BIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN TERRITORY BY NATURAL AND FOCAL FACTORS

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Natalia G. Kuramshina ◽  
Alexey N. Yelizariev ◽  
Elvira V. Nafikova ◽  
Irina V. Vdovina ◽  
Tatyana P. Smirnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Biological Contamination ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Focal Infection ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

The high significance of the problem of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is associated with the scale of spread, damage to persons of active age, a long period of reduced working capacity and high economic damage. The work presents an assessment of biological contamination by natural - focal viral infection - HFRS in the Re-public of Bashkortostan (RB). The most active foci are associated with linden forests, which prevail in the republic. The work shows the dynamics and features of infection. Analysis of the geoecological state of the territory according to HFRS showed that in the territory of most regions of the republic there are natural-focal infections of HFRS. There is an increase in infection of rodents with the HFRS virus, so in 2016 it was 5.0 %, and in 2019 - 16.2 %. The increase in the incidence of the population has characteristic epidemiological signs for the territory of RB, and the increase in high-risk areas indicates trends in the expansion and activation of foci of infection in them. At the same time, there is an increase in incidence, and infection in 50 % of cases occurs when visiting forests. In the capital of Bashkortostan - the city of Ufa, which is located in the natural zone, the incidence of HFRS is almost 50 % of the entire territory of the republic. In connection with climate changes, the diversity of environmental aspects of natural-focal infection of HFRS should be more widely assessed to counter their spread and measures to reduce this dangerous disease in the RB should be significantly strengthened.

scholarly journals Nonspecific Prophylaxis of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in the Republic of Bashkortostan

2010 ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Mochalkin ◽  
S. V. Ryabov ◽  
A. P. Mochalkin ◽  
M. I. Shutova ◽  
A. N. Matrosov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

Scientifically based typing of HFRS foci, ecological-epizootiological monitoring and a number of sanitary-and-hygiene, sanitary-and-technical, agrotechnical, forestry as well as deratization and disinfection measures were carried out. In addition, information-explanatory work among the population was done. That enabled to eliminate group diseases in Ufa, lower to single cases the risk of HFRS infection of the population in woodland territory and reduce average annual morbidity in the city from high to middle level.

Hygienic assessment of learning environment conditions (by the example of higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa)

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Elena Ju. Gorbatkova
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The City

Introduction. The important factors affecting health and performance of young people are the conditions of education, in particular, a comfortable microclimate in the classrooms of higher educational institutions. Materials and methods. In view of the urgency of this problem, an analysis was made of the microclimate parameters of educational organizations of different profiles (Ufa city, the Republic of Bashkortostan). 294 classrooms were studied in 22 buildings of 4 leading universities in Ufa. A total of 3,822 measurements were taken to determine the parameters of the microclimate. The analysis of ionizing radiation in the aerial environment of classrooms. There was performed determination of radon and its affiliated products content. In order to assess the conditions and lifestyle of students of 4 higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa, we conducted an anonymous survey of 1,820 students of I and IV years of education. Results. The average temperature in the classrooms of all universities studied was 23.9±0.09 C. The average relative humidity in all classrooms was 34.2 ± 0.42%. Analysis of ionizing radiation (radon and its daughter products decay) in the aerial environment of the classrooms and sports halls located in the basement determined that the average annual equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of the radon daughter products (EROA ± Δ222Rn) ranged from 28 ± 14 to 69 ± 34.5 meter, which meets the requirements established by SanPiN. Conclusion. The hygienic assessment of the microclimate parameters of educational institutions of various profile revealed a number of deviations from the regulated norms. The results indicate the need to control the parameters of the microclimate, both from the administration of universities, and from the professors. According to the results of the study, recommendations were prepared for the management of higher educational institutions in Ufa.

Features of the dynamics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome incidence in the Republic of Bashkortostan

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Pavel Alexandrovich Mochalkin ◽  
◽  
Alexander Pavlovich Mochalkin ◽  
Evgeny Georgievich Stepanov ◽  
Lira Amirovna Farvazova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Administrative District ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic

It was established that 17008 HFRS cases were reported in 53 (out of 54) administrative districts and 12 cities (out of 14) of the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2009-2018. The most intense epidemiological situation (a long-term incidence rate of 48,5 per 100 thousand of the population) was observed within the boundaries of the forest-steppe landscape zone, where. more than 86 % of all cases of infection are recorded of the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2009-2018. The share of infections among the urban population was 64.0 %, the rural one – 36.0 %. In the long-term aspect, according to the conditions of HFRS acquisition, short-term visits to the forest area prevailed – up to 80 %, in household settings – up to 14 % of all cases of the disease. Seasonal increases in the incidence of HFRS take place in May-June – up to 15 % and in September-December – over 46 % of the annual incidence. The presence of synchronicity in the dynamics of HFRS morbidity in rural and urban populations within the boundaries of the administrative district was detected. It has been substantiated that in order to reduce the level of HFRS morbidity among the rural and urban population, it is necessary to provide for an increase in the volume and frequency of preventive (anti-epidemic) measures in the vicinity of rural settlements, regional centers, urban-type settlements and large cities located near forests, within the boundaries of the entire area of the administrative district.

scholarly journals Hygienic assessment of learning environment conditions (by the example of higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa)

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Елена Юрьевна Горбаткова
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The City

Introduction. The important factors affecting health and performance of young people are the conditions of education, in particular, a comfortable microclimate in the classrooms of higher educational institutions. Materials and methods. In view of the urgency of this problem, an analysis was made of the microclimate parameters of educational organizations of different profiles (Ufa city, the Republic of Bashkortostan). 294 classrooms were studied in 22 buildings of 4 leading universities in Ufa. A total of 3,822 measurements were taken to determine the parameters of the microclimate. The analysis of ionizing radiation in the aerial environment of classrooms. There was performed determination of radon and its affiliated products content. In order to assess the conditions and lifestyle of students of 4 higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa, we conducted an anonymous survey of 1,820 students of I and IV years of education. Results. The average temperature in the classrooms of all universities studied was 23.9±0.09 C. The average relative humidity in all classrooms was 34.2 ± 0.42%. Analysis of ionizing radiation (radon and its daughter products decay) in the aerial environment of the classrooms and sports halls located in the basement determined that the average annual equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of the radon daughter products (EROA ± Δ222Rn) ranged from 28 ± 14 to 69 ± 34.5 meter, which meets the requirements established by SanPiN. Conclusion. The hygienic assessment of the microclimate parameters of educational institutions of various profile revealed a number of deviations from the regulated norms. The results indicate the need to control the parameters of the microclimate, both from the administration of universities, and from the professors. According to the results of the study, recommendations were prepared for the management of higher educational institutions in Ufa.

scholarly journals Tactics of Non-Specific Prophylaxis of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2012–2017

2018 ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
P. A. Mochalkin ◽  
A. P. Mochalkin ◽  
E. G. Stepanov ◽  
L. A. Farvazova
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
The Republic

Objective of the study was to collate the lessons learned from application of differential approach to the areas with varying risk of infection while performing prophylactic measures in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Materials and methods. Archival epizootiological and epidemiological data of the Rospotrebnadzor Administration in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Republican Center of Disinfection, Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Bashkortostan over the period of 2012–2017, as well as official statistics of the Rospotrebnadzor, including from Federal Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology and the data contained in the Form 1 of state statistics “Information on infection and parasitic diseases” were used for the analysis. Statistical processing of the data and results acquisition were carried out using standard software package of Microsoft Office and Statistica 8.0. Results and conclusions. It is established that in 2012–2017 due to selective concentration of preventive (anti-epidemic) activities in zones of high risk of HFRS contraction in Ufa city, significant decrement in HFRS morbidity rates was achieved. In order to deploy the stated tactics across the whole territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan, factors and areas of risk of infection have been identified. It is determined that the total land area with high risk of infection amounts to 14096 square kilometers; i.e. 9.8 % of the whole area of the Republic of Bashkortostan. At that, in 2012–2017 4946 cases of HFRS infection were registered here, which is 50.5 % of the total morbidity rate in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. It is substantiated that to stabilize the level of HFRS incidence it is necessary to provide three-fold (spring, summer, and autumn) running of disinfection activities (barrier, community deratization (disinfection)) in the territories of high risk of infection. Prophylactic measures must be aimed at protection of specific contingents falling under the high risk of HFRS contraction and be preventive in nature; i.e. be carried out prior to the periods of contact intensity and population density increase in the areas characterized by high risk of infection.

scholarly journals The integrated assessment of socio-ecological tension in urbanized territories

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Rezeda Firgatovna Khasanova ◽  
Yalil Tukhvatovich Suyundukov ◽  
Irina Nikolaevna Semenova ◽  
Yuliya Samigullovna Rafikova ◽  
Munira Basimovna Suyundukova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mining Industry ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The City ◽  
Geochemical State

The paper examines environmental problems of a city with a developed mining industry. Their influence on social stability, public health and demography, labor activity, migration, etc. was revealed. The methodology for assessing social and ecological tension for the city of Sibay in the Republic of Bashkortostan was tested, based on the approaches developed by I.A. Sosunova for the regions of Russia. The main materials for calculating the socio-ecological tension of the city were data from the analysis of information on the socio-economic and ecological state of the territory, conducting a sociological survey of the population, as well as assessing the ecological and geochemical state of the environment by a set of ecological indicators. All indicators were assessed using five-point scales. The final indicator was the index of social and ecological tension, which was determined by dividing the sum of points for the indicators under consideration by their number. As a result of a comprehensive analysis, it was revealed that the socio-ecological tension of the city of Sibay includes: Gorny (3,7) Yuzhny (3,2) Center (2,7) Gold (2,6) Eastern (2,4) Fishermans House (2,3) Arkaim (1,6). The use of the category of socio-ecological tension in the proposed interpretation makes it possible to identify sociological problems of behavior and society. The results of the study are recommended to be used for a comprehensive analysis of indicators for monitoring urbanized territories of a mining region, which determine its environmental safety and sustainable development, ranking the territory as well as a set of economically justified measures to include them in the programs of strategic development of the region.

scholarly journals UFA CITY CULTURE AS A FACTOR OF THE IMAGE FORMATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (74) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
R. Suleimanova
Keyword(s):  
Image Formation ◽  
Topical Problem ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
City Culture ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the topical problem of image formation and enhancing the competitiveness of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Particular attention is paid to the main attractions and events of the city. The authors believe that the culture of the city of Ufa is one of the most effective tools to form the image of the region, since the capital acts as a brand of the republic.

scholarly journals Social and ecological problems of a small town with a developed mining industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 04023
Author(s):  
Reseda Khasanova ◽  
Yalil Suyundukov ◽  
Irina Semenova ◽  
Munira Suyundukova ◽  
Gulnaz Ilbulova
Keyword(s):  
Small Town ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The City

The article presents the results of a study of the social and environmental problems of a small town with a developed mining industry. The authors have tested the methodology for assessing social and ecological tension for the city of Sibay in the Republic of Bashkortostan based on the approaches by I.A. Sosunov for the regions of Russia. The key indicators of the analysis were the data of official information on the socio-economic and ecological state, a sociological survey and a comprehensive assessment of the state of the environment. As a result, the index of social and ecological tension of the city was calculated in the context of settlements: Gorny (3.7) - Yuzhny (3.2) - city center (2.7) -Zoloto (2.6) - Vostochny (2.4) - Dom Rybaka (2.3) - Arkaim (1.6). The use of the category of social and environmental tension in the proposed interpretation allows for a comprehensive analysis of the urbanized territories of the mining region, which determine its environmental safety and sustainable development, their ranking, and also development of a set of economically justified measures to be included in the programs of the strategic development of the region.

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