Theoretical Backdrop

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-59
Author(s):  
David M. Day ◽  
Margit Wiesner
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Criminal Career ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Developmental Criminology ◽  
Historical View ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The Life Course

This chapter presents the history and theoretical underpinnings of criminal trajectory research. The chapter distinguishes between a short historical view and long historical view of theoretical contributions. The key concepts, theories, and studies discussed are drawn from the criminal career notion, Moffitt's dual taxonomy model, important longitudinal investigations, developmental criminology, developmental psychopathology, and the life-course sociological and life-span psychological theoretical frameworks of Glen Elder and Paul Baltes, respectively.

Life Course Analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth F. Ferraro
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Vantage Points ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Life Course Analysis

Life course analysis prioritizes the long view of aging: study aging as a process from embryo to death and how the timing of events and exposures shapes those lives. The act of analyzing the life course (or life span) highlights an intellectual tension in the field that has existed for decades: Is gerontology the study of older organisms or how those organisms age? Although human social services are often organized by age groups, science is better off studying the aging process—how the organism became older. In humans and animals, the experience of aging varies by historical time and place. Three vantage points for life course analysis are specified: the study of (1) early origins, (2) centenarians, and (3) family lineage.

Co-offending

2018 ◽  
pp. 125-146
Author(s):  
Sarah B. van Mastrigt ◽  
Peter Carrington
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Criminal Careers ◽  
Criminal Career ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Offending Patterns ◽  
The Life Course

This chapter reviews existing theory and empirical evidence on changes in co-offending patterns over the life course, links these patterns to other key criminal career parameters, and highlights important areas for future research. In order to set the stage for the remainder of the chapter, the few theoretical insights that relate joint offending to the development of criminal careers are first reviewed. The chapter then focuses on the age–co-offending curve, outlining what is known about changes in both co-offending prevalence and form across the life course and considering implications for more general developmental and life-course discussions of age and offending. It next examines how co-offending is related to other features of the criminal career, including onset, specialization, seriousness, frequency, duration, persistence, and desistance. Finally, this chapter briefly outlines outstanding issues and next steps for advancing DLC theory and research on group crime.

Trajectories of Criminal Behavior Across the Life Course

2018 ◽  
pp. 96-125
Author(s):  
Julien Morizot
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Criminal Career ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Individual Change ◽  
The Life Course

This chapter provides an overview of developmental-typological theories of criminal behavior best known by criminologists. These theories aim to explain heterogeneity in intra-individual change in criminal behavior across the life course by postulating developmental trajectories differing in terms of onset, variety and frequency of offending, criminal career duration, and period of desistance. The chapter outlines the most popular statistical methods for modeling developmental trajectories. It also summarizes the empirical findings from available developmental trajectory research. Overall, available longitudinal studies tend to support only some postulates of developmental-typological theories. This chapter thus proposes a number of directions for future research and provides some concluding insights.

scholarly journals INTEREST GROUP SESSION—MENTAL HEALTH PRACTICE AND AGING: INTEGRATION OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH IN DEFINING HEALTH BEHAVIORS AND OUTCOMES AMONG DIVERSE OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S393-S393
Author(s):  
Jacquelyn Minahan ◽  
Tamara A Baker
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Community Context ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
The Life Course

Abstract Social determinants of health (SDoH) are conditions in which individuals live, learn, work, and play. Specifically, they are influenced by the distribution of resources, money, and power, and have significant implications on health behaviors and outcomes across the life span. Existent data show the influence these indictors may have in the onset and progression of chronic illnesses. However, much of these data focus on the effect of race and health, as social determinants, but fail to adequately address the myriad other factors (e.g., health care, social and community context) that influence the social patterning across the life course. This symposium presents findings from several studies highlighting the nuanced role of SDoH across diverse populations of older adults. Scholars will present findings on the influence that identified determinants, such as social networks, lifestyle behaviors, and gender, have in defining health outcomes across the life course. Minahan presents the relationship between chronic illnesses and depression and compares depressive symptomatology according to disease cluster in a nationally-representative sample of older adults. Atakere discusses determinants of well-being among African American males with chronic illnesses and the challenges associated with this marginalized population. Booker examines spirituality as a mechanism for pain management among older African Americans and presents this as a crucial determinant of health. This symposium will expand on the existing body of literature by emphasizing social and cultural determinants, aside from race, that influence health behaviors and outcomes across the life span.

Life-Span Learning: A Developmental Perspective

2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Life Span Development ◽  
Development And Aging ◽  
The Life Course

The article discusses learning as embedded processes of development and aging, and as social activity over the life course. The concept of life-span learning is proposed and outlined to discuss these processes as aspects of and propositions in life-span development and aging theory. Life-span learning processes arise and continuously develop in a dynamically complex body, brain, and the mind they support as essential features of development and aging over the life course. Life-span learning processes are established by evolutionary adaptive mechanisms, enriched by challenging environments, and continuously developed in supportive social structures. These ideas are derived from evolutionary biology and psychology, the cognitive sciences, life-span development and aging research, and adult development and learning studies. It is argued that life-span learning activities that challenge the body-mind-brain nexus are indispensable to optimize individual development and aging. Three global interventions and their strategies are discussed that enhance life-span learning: Learning to Learn, Learning for Growth, and Learning for Well-being.

scholarly journals Neurodevelopmental processes in the ontogenesis and epigenesis of psychopathology

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANTE CICCHETTI ◽  
TYRONE D. CANNON
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Behavioral Development ◽  
Neural Circuitry ◽  
Behavioral Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Made In

Dramatic gains in knowledge have been made in the fields of neuroscience, human development, and developmental psychopathology during the past quarter of a century. Despite the advances that have been achieved in each discipline separately, considerably less progress has occurred in understanding the relation between neurobiological and behavioral development in normal and atypical populations. Research has increasingly demonstrated that abnormalities that occur early in development may result in the emergence of aberrant neural circuitry that eventuates in relatively enduring forms of psychopathology. Knowledge of normal neurobiological development provides a powerful foundation for understanding the contributions that neurodevelopmental processes make to the etiology and sequelae of psychopathology across the life course. An integrated perspective wherein an appreciation of the complex neural, psychological, and social-contextual processes that cohere to bring about normal and pathological outcomes is necessary in order to advance understanding of the genesis and epigenesis of mental disorders. Such an approach will require a reduction of the schisms that so often separate neurobiological and behavioral research.

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