scholarly journals LANDRACES OF VEGETABLES AND CUCURBITS FROM KAZAKHSTAN INTO VIR COLLECTION AS INITIAL MATERIAL FOR THE BREEDING

2018 ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
A. M. Artemyeva ◽  
T. M. Piskunova ◽  
I. V. Gashkova ◽  
T. V. Khmelinskaya ◽  
I. A. Khrapalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
The Republic

The article gives a historical overview of expeditionary surveys of the Republic of Kazakhstan territory by the VIR employees with the aim of collecting local vegetable and melon crops from the first expedition in 1925 and to present days. A total of 13 expeditions of VIR were carried out across Kazakhstan, including cooperative surveys with employees of the Kazakh Research Institute of Potato and Vegetable Growing. The role of Vavilov and his associates in the formation of the Institute's collections, the continuity of ideas and traditions in the scientific work with plant genetic resources are emphasized. The analysis of the dynamics of receipt of expeditionary samples in the collection of VIR is given. The current state and significance of local vegetable resources of vegetable and melon crops of Kazakhstan for breeding use in the Russian Federation is shown. The botanical status of the collected seed material is reflected and the results of long-term comprehensive ecological and geographical study of the collection at VIR stations are presented. Genetic sources of valuable traits are identified in various directions of breeding in cabbage, tomato, carrot, radish, radish, watermelon, melon and pumpkin for use in breeding programs. It is emphasized that the creation of highly productive varieties and plant hybrids that combine high quality with resistance to a complex of biotic and abiotic factors can be successful in breeding with the wide use of wild species, semi-cultural and primitive forms and local varieties with a high degree of adaptation . Taking into account the exclusion of local varieties from production by highly productive varieties, the role of preserving their variability in gene banks is growing. Long-term international scientific cooperation contributes to the solution of the tasks of mobilizing plant resources by conducting expedition collections, conservation and rational use of plant genetic resources.

scholarly journals The role of collection missions in gathering plant genetic resources material

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
GRZEGORZ KLOC ◽  
DENISE DOSTATNY ◽  
TOMASZ SEKUTOWSKI ◽  
WIESŁAW PODYMA
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Second Period

In the last 40 years, the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources (KCRZG) in Radzików has organized 67 collecting missions across the country. The main task was to secure the still existing plant genetic richness in agricultural ecosystems. Mission dates were set according to the time of seed maturation and the harvesting strategy adjusted to the collected group of plants. The collected genotypes included seeds, bulbs, grafts etc. The samples were collected mainly from local farmers or gathered directly from the field. During the collecting missions, one could clearly observe the progressive ”genetic erosion” of crop plants, visible through the disappearance of the tradition of growing local varieties, especially cereals. It is caused by the cultivation of modern varieties or the cessation of the cultivation of traditional crop plants. In the period from 1984 to 2017, a total of approximately 4700 samples were collected during 67 collection missions organized by KCRZG – Radzików. In the 90s, cereals prevailed. In the second period of the collection missions, from 1994 to 2005, vegetable and spice plants did instead. In the third period, between 2006 and 2017, ornamental plants, medicinal plants, wild plants, grasses, plants accompanying crops were the most plentiful groups of plants. The decreasing number of old cultivars and landraces in the last 40 years indicates the need for further collection of genetic resources through collecting missions and monitoring of genetic erosion of crops in Poland.

Current situation with the core collection of spring triticale of the National Center of Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
S.V. Chernobai ◽  
V.K. Riabchun ◽  
T.B. Kapustina ◽  
V.S. Melnyk ◽  
O.E. Shchechenko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Growing Season Length ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Spring Triticale

Goal. To build up a spring triticale genetic bank to provide breeding, scientific and educational institutions with initial material and to preserve the existing diversity. To update the database of accessions with a set of valuable economic and morphological features. Results and discussion. The methodology and results of the collection formation and evaluation of spring triticale accessions in the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine of Plant Production Institute nd. a V. Ya. Yuriev are presented. The formed collection includes 1,935 accessions from 27 countries: 42 varieties and 1,478 breeding lines from Ukraine, 92 varieties and 248 lines from foreign countries and also 75 genetic lines. The collection was formed by major valuable economic features (plant height, growing season length, spike threshing, yield, 1000-grain weight, disease resistance, technological properties, etc.). Accessions with the majority of morpho-biological and valuable economic features were selected. All the accessions in the collection are certificated. 1,762 accessions were packed for storage into the National Depository; 1,507 of them were packed for long-term storage. Conclusions. The gene pool of spring triticale from the collection of the Gene Bank of Plants of Ukraine is widely used for breeding. This allows conducting hybridization of genetically and ecologically remote forms with various expressions of features and obtaining whole new breeding material. Involvement of collection accessions in breeding allows generating new genetic sources of valuable economic features.

scholarly journals Long-term research in Bosque Fray Jorge National Park: Twenty years studying the role of biotic and abiotic factors in a Chilean semiarid scrubland

2010 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIO R GUTIÉRREZ ◽  
PETER L MESERVE ◽  
DOUGLAS A KELT ◽  
ANDREW ENGILIS JR ◽  
M. ANDREA PREVITALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Factors

scholarly journals Implementation of the Programme for Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources in the Republic of Srpska from 2009 to 2012

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Đurić ◽  
Marina Radun ◽  
Vida Todorović ◽  
Danijela Kondić ◽  
Dragana Pećanac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals The Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities and Internalization: Lessons from the Western Balkans

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Craig
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
Precise Form ◽  
Community Rights ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Domestic Law

Abstract The precise form of internalization of the provisions of the Council of Europe’s Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities in domestic law is crucial in ensuring its long-term effectiveness. Experiences in the Western Balkans raise important questions about the role of minority (or community) rights legislation in deeply divided societies. This article uses the case-studies of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo and the Republic of North Macedonia to highlight key themes and limitations that have emerged. Comparative analysis reveals a surprising divergence of approaches to internalization in the region. The article further demonstrates that the ‘nation-cum-state paradigm’ remains prevalent, despite the premise of universality. It argues that such legislation can play an important symbolic and practical role, but that legal internalization needs to be seen as an ongoing process. It concludes that attention needs to be given to ensuring the continued particularization and adaptation of such legislation in light of both the limitations and changing circumstances, providing a key lesson also for other divided societies.

scholarly journals AEGIS, the Virtual European Genebank: Why It Is Such a Good Idea, Why It Is Not Working and How It Could Be Improved

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2165
Author(s):  
Theo van Hintum ◽  
Johannes M. M. Engels ◽  
Lorenzo Maggioni
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Umbrella Organization ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right

Europe is very active in terms of conserving plant genetic resources, with hundreds of genebanks and thousands of dedicated people involved. However, the resulting infrastructure is, along with being very expensive, far from efficient and not very reliable. In this opinion paper, the authors describe how this situation arose, and why the European Cooperative Programme for Plant Genetic Resources (ECPGR), the collaborative umbrella organization of the European countries involved, has not been able to improve this situation so far significantly. The principles of the decentralized virtual genebank (AEGIS) are described, and an analysis is made of the reasons for its lack of success. Possible changes for making AEGIS a success, or at least steps in the right direction, are proposed. These changes center around the creation of a system of certified genebanks with proper quality management, guaranteeing the long-term conservation of, and immediate access to the plant genetic resources conserved in it.

Drawing up queries, forms and reports of the information system on plant genetic resources

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
F.Kh. Abdullaev
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Gene ◽  
Exchange Of Information ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Main Component ◽  
National Information ◽  
Research Institute

Aim. To develop the National Plant Gene Pool Information System for the effective exchange of information and targeted use of this information in different research programs as well as for cooperation with regional and international organizations on the basis of intellectual property rights. Results and Discussion. This study was aimed at solving a set of interrelated objectives to compile a computer database of characteristics of the Global Collection of Agricultural Genetic Resources. The platform for this database was harmonized and systematized crop descriptors, which are the main component of the National Information System. As a part of these studies, the PGR Documentation Unit at the National Genebank of the Research Institute of Plant Genetic Resources worked at constructing data queries for presentation in the Information System forms. The tool part of the CAC-DB information system, where one can generate any query at one’s discretion by selecting data using the Query tools, served as a basis for this work. Seventeen types of queries for general use and 4 types of report templates were designed. The National Information System on Plant Genetic Resources, which is being developed at the Research Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, will make it possible to increase the efficiency of its storage, documentation, management and use through the exchange of information and germplasm, and will ensure the transition of genetic and breeding studies to a new technological level, increasing its effectiveness. Conclusions. The developed National Information System is unique and selective. It will concentrate comprehensive information on the plant gene pool of the Republic, as it is specific for Central Asia and the Southern Caucasus, having no analogues in the world.

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