scholarly journals Productivity of winter garlic with different norms of fertilizers

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
M. V. Selivanova ◽  
E. S. Romanenko ◽  
E. A. Mironova ◽  
T. S. Aysanov ◽  
N. A. Esaulko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Food System ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Monopotassium Phosphate ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Difference

Relevance. Garlic is one of the most valuable food products and the increase in its production is associated with the growing needs of the population, the processing industry and medicine. Garlic is very responsive to the use of fertilizers, which are an integral part of the cultivation of individual crops and are aimed at obtaining high and stable yields with good quality products.Methods. The purpose of the research is to study the productivity of winter garlic, depending on the application of various norms of fertilizers. The studies were conducted in the arid zone of the Stavropol Territory. The objects of research were varieties of winter garlic Lyubasha, Leader, Jubileyny Gribovsky, the rate of mineral fertilizers. Potassium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ammophos were used as mineral fertilizers.Results. As a result, it was established that with the use of fertilizers, the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the formation of the yield of garlic increased. The largest vegetative mass of garlic was formed when using the N120P95K50 in the food system; the highest values for plant height and leaf area were obtained, the difference with respect to control, was between 5-18 cm and 9-45 cm2 , respectively. The largest mass of the bulbs was obtained when making garlic N120P95K50 – 51-85 g, which exceeded the control by 15-18 g. Garlic plants grown with the use of N80P95K50 were the least affected with diseases - the degree of development of the diseases was less than with control, by 0.2-1.5%. The use of fertilizers in the cultivation of garlic contributed to an increase in crop yield: the highest indicators were obtained when applying N120P95K50 – 19.4-21.3 t/ha, which was more control, by 0.4-3.2 t/ha. Most of the nutrients in the bulbs accumulated when using N80P95K50: the dry matter content exceeded the control, N80P95K75 and N120P95K50 by 3-10%, sugars – by 0.3-1.4%, essential oils – by 0.02-0.1 mg/100 g, vitamin C – 2-8 mg per 100 g wet weight. The amount of nitrates in garlic bulbs was lower than the MPC by 3-33 mg/kg. 

scholarly journals Características morfométricas e rendimento da palma forrageira ‘Gigante’ sob diferentes adubações e configurações de plantio

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Padilha Junior ◽  
S. L. R. Donato ◽  
J. A. Silva ◽  
P. E. R. Donato ◽  
E. S. Souza
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Organic Mineral

<p>Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar as características morfométricas e de rendimento da palma forrageira 'Gigante' submetida a diferentes tipos de adubação orgânica, química e organomineral e configurações de plantio<em>. </em>O experimento foi instalado em LATOSSOLO Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico, num delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com três repetições. As parcelas constituídas por duas configurações de plantio: 1) 24.0000 plantas ha<sup>-1</sup>, dispostas em fileira tripla, no espaçamento 3,00 x 1,00 x 0,25 m; 2) 26.666 plantas ha<sup>-1</sup>, dispostas em fileira quádrupla, no espaçamento 3,00 x 1,00 x 0,25 m; as subparcelas compostas por 12 tipos de adubação orgânica, química e organomineral. Aos 650 DAP mensuraram-se altura da planta, número, comprimento, largura e índice de área de cladódios, produção de matéria verde e seca e teor de matéria seca. As características morfométricas, o teor de matéria seca e a produção de massa verde e matéria seca foram influenciadas pelas adubações (P&lt;0,05), independentemente da configuração utilizada. Das características morfométricas apenas a largura e área do cladódio não foram influenciadas pelas adubações. A ausência de adubação ou apenas 30 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> ano<sup>-1</sup> de esterco bovino são insuficientes para obter resultados satisfatórios com palma forrageira ‘Gigante’.</p><p><strong><em>Morphometric traits and yield of forage cactus 'Gigante' under different fertilization and planting settings</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphometric characteristics and yield of 'Gigante' forage cactus subjected to different types of organic, chemical, and organic mineral fertilizers and planting configurations. The experiment was installed in a dystrophic Red-Yellow LATOSOL (Oxisol), in a randomized block design, in a split plot design parcel, with three replications. The plots consist of two plant configurations: 1) 24.0000 pl ha<sup>-1</sup>, arranged in triple row, spaced 3.00 x 1.00 x 0.25 m; 2) 26,666 pl ha<sup>-1</sup>, arranged in quadruple row, spaced 3.00 x 1.00 x 0.25 m. The subplots are composed of types of organic, chemical, and organic mineral fertilizers. On the 650th DAP were measured the plant height, number, length, width, cladode area index, fresh and dry matter yield and dry matter content. Morphometric characteristics, the dry matter content and the green mass and dry matter production were influenced by fertilization (P &lt;0.05), regardless the configuration. From the morphometric features, only the width and cladode area were not affected by fertilization. The absence of fertilization or just 30 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup> of cattle manure is not enough to achieve satisfactory results with 'Gigante' forage cactus.</p>

Effects of poultry manure and mineral fertilizers on the quality of crops

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pimpini ◽  
L. Giardini ◽  
M. Borin ◽  
G. Gianquinto
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Spinach Leaves

SUMMARYPoultry manure and mineral fertilizers at two rates of application (medium and high) and in different combinations, together with a non-fertilized control, were tested at the Experimental Station of the Agricultural University of Padova, Italy (45° 21′ N, 11° 58′ E) in 1985–89.Compared to the control, all the fertilization treatments increased the incidence of larger-sized bulbs of onion and tubers of potato, improved the fruit colour of processing tomato and the raw protein content of spinach, but reduced the acidity and acids: soluble solids ratio of tomato and the dry matter content of spinach leaves.In addition, the application of 140 kg/ha of N, 140 kg/ha of P2O5 and 100 kg/ha of K2O as mineral fertilizer or as poultry manure gave the best scores of processing suitability of potato, both for sticks and chips. All the fertilization formulae, except for 140 kg/ha of N, 140 kg/ha of P2O5 and 100 kg/ha of K2O as poultry manure alone, showed significant decreases in the extractable sucrose ratio in sugarbeet, compared with the control. In processing tomato, the best scores of suitability for paste transformation were obtained with mixed fertilization (1/3 poultry manure and 2/3 mineral fertilizers) applying 210 kg/ha of N, 210 kg/ha of P2O5 and 150 kg/ha of K2O and the plots receiving only mineral fertilizers produced fruits with less favourable values of pH and electrical conductivity compared to the poultry manured ones.

Quality of potatoes in relation to soil and season I. The content of dry matter

1946 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wager
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Available Water Content ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Difference

The dry-matter content of about 260 samples of potatoes was determined. The samples were collected over three seasons and from many types of soil.The average dry-matter content of a variety varied from season to season, but it always bore an approximately constant relationship to the average value of other varieties.Wet seasons led to potatoes low in dry matter.The variation in the content of dry matter of potatoes in different seasons and from different soil types is not a direct effect of the water balance of the tubers.The average content of dry matter of potatoes depends on the soil in which they were grown; fen and blackland gave potatoes with the lowest dry matter, followed by skirt, silt and warp, then loam and medium loam, then clay, and the highest dry matter occurred in stocks grown in sands, gravels or light loams.The difference between the soils is discussed, and it is tentatively concluded that the factor responsible for the variation in content of dry matter of the potatoes is the available water content of the soils.

The fat-free dry matter of epididymal adipose tissue in relation to metabolic activity

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 914-917
Author(s):  
Luc Trahan ◽  
Edouard Pagé
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Right

In rats exposed to cold over a 5-week period there occurs a rise and then a partial return to initial values of the fat-free dry matter content of epididymal adipose tissue. The fat-free dry matter is also slightly higher in the right fat pad. Under such circumstances there may be some advantage in expressing metabolic activity in terms of fat-free dry matter rather than on a wet weight basis. Both methods are equally satisfactory in control rats.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF THE APPLICATION OF HORN-HOOFED CRUMB AND TREPEL UNDER ROW CROPS AND IN AFTEREFFECT ON BARLEY

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Ivan Eliseev ◽  
Lyudmila Eliseeva ◽  
Leonid Shashkarov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Leaf Surface Area

The purpose of the work is to study the effectiveness of using horny hoofed crumbs from the waste of the meat processing industry as an organic fertilizer, in comparison with mineral nitrogen fertilizers and zeolite-containing trepel in the Chuvash Republic. The direct effect was determined on potatoes and fodder beets, the aftereffect was determined on spring barley. The soil of the experimental plot is light gray forest with a low (2.5 ... 2.6 %) humus content. The application of horn-hoof crumbs to potatoes and fodder beets at a rate of 430 kg/ha, equivalent to N60, together with phosphorus-potassium mineral fertilizers (P60K60), in terms of influence on crop yields, was not inferior to the effect of a complete mineral fertilizer at a rate of N60P60K60. In the variants with the introduction of horn-hoofed crumbs and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, both independently and with the addition of zeolite-containing trepel at a rate of 2 t/ha, compared with the use of complete mineral fertilization, on average for 2012–2016. an increase in the biological activity of the soil was noted by 7.1 ... 11.0 %; in potato plantings, the leaf surface area increased by 7.0 ... 15.1 thousand m2/ha, the dry matter content in tubers - by 1.4 ... 2.5 %, their marketability - by 0.4 ... 0.7 %, the nitrate content decreased by 1.14 ... 1.45 %. In the crops of fodder beets, the leaf surface area of plants increased by 3.3 ... 5.0 thousand m2/ha, the dry matter content - by 0.8 ... 2.8 %, the concentration of nitrates - decreased by 43.9 ... 40.3 %. The coefficient of energy efficiency of the combined use of horn-hoofed crumb and trepel for row crops was at the level of 1.0. The aftereffect from their introduction was noted the next year when growing barley, the coefficient of bioenergy efficiency was 2.0 ... 2.2

MAXIMUM LOSS OF FEED FROM NYLON BAGS IN THE RUMENS OF STEERS AS RELATED TO APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. BAILEY ◽  
R. HIRONAKA
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Protein Loss ◽  
Maximum Loss ◽  
Theoretical Maximum ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
The Difference

Nylon bags containing rolled barley or mixtures of rolled barley and finely chopped alfalfa hay in ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 were removed from two fistulated steers 1, 2, 4, 8, 14, 24, 48, and 72 hours after placement in the rumen. The cumulative loss of dry matter and protein from the bags was described for each ration by an equation of the form X/Y = k1 + k2X. The asymptotes of the curves so calculated were taken as estimates of the theoretical maximum loss of dry matter and protein. Maximum dry matter losses were 77.4, 80.7, 82.4, and 90.5% and apparent dry matter digestibilities were 73.0, 78.3, 79.1, and 80.7% for the 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and all-barley rations, respectively. The corresponding values for maximum protein loss were 95.3, 94.2, 94.6, and 98.8% while those for apparent protein digestibility were 76.8, 83.2, 83.7, and 82.0%. From estimates of endogenous fecal protein loss, it was calculated that fecal loss of potentially available feed dry matter accounted for 60% of the difference between the apparent and maximum digestible dry matter content of the three rations containing hay, and 89% of that of the all-barley ration. Endogenous fecal protein loss accounted for about half of the difference between maximum and apparent protein digestibility.

Effect of leaf-roll disease in potatoes on the composition of the tuber and “mother tuber.”

1926 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Diagnostic Character ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Mother Tuber ◽  
Healthy Mother ◽  
The Difference

1. Tubers obtained from secondary leaf-roll plants have a lower dry matter content than tubers from healthy plants. The percentage of nitrogen in the dry matter is appreciably higher in the former than in the latter. The difference in dry matter content is sufficiently large in many varieties to characterise leaf-roll tubers. Seventeen varieties were examined.2. The rate at which the nutrient materials are removed by the young plants from leaf-roll mother tubers is much slower than in the case of plants from healthy mother tubers. This may be a cause of the stunting characteristic of leaf-roll plants.3. When there is any doubt as to the diagnosis of secondary leaf-roll by the usual symptoms, a determination of the dry matter in the mother tuber two to three months after planting, would serve as a further diagnostic character.

INCREASE IN BIOMASS AND DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION OF SPRING BARLEY DEPENDING ON THE MINERAL NUTRITION LEVEL AND METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
O. А. Artyukhova ◽  
O. V. Gladysheva ◽  
V. А. Svirina
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
In The Beginning

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of applying doses of mineral fertilizers (N0P0K0, N30P30K30, N60P60K60, N90P90K90) when cultivating varieties of spring barley (Vladimir, Reliable, Yaromir) on the formation of the area of leaf plates, the growth of green biomass and the accumulation of dry matter by crop plants in different years of moisture in the South of the Central non-Chernozem region. It was found that the use of mineral fertilizers in doses N60P60K60, N90P90K90 contributed to the greatest increase in the area of the assimilation apparatus and the growth of plant biomass. In the phase of entering the tube, the leaf area on the above backgrounds exceeded the control variants by an average of 49,6 and 63,3 % (Vladimir variety), 62,3 and 45,4 % (Reliable variety), and 44,6 and 53,2 % (Yaromir variety). The average growth of biomass in 2017-2019 with the use of N60P60K60, N90P90K90 increased compared to the control variants by 83,3 and 182,7 % (Vladimir variety), by 68,9 and 88,3 % (Reliable variety) and by 82,0 and 107,5 % (Yaromir variety) in the beginning of earing phase with further growth of this indicator to the phase of milk ripeness of plants. The percentage of dry matter in plants depended not only on the doses of mineral fertilizers, but also on weather conditions, namely, on the value of the Selyaninov hydrothermal moisture coefficient (SCC). With an increase in the applied rates of fertilizers, at values of GTC in the range of 0,37 – 0,44, dry matter is accumulated by plants, at values from 0,64 to 1,2, due to the provided moisture and greater water consumption by spring barley varieties, the percentage of dry matter content decreased. Yield – the final indicator of all conditions. Reliable and Yaromir varieties showed the greatest stability in obtaining a good harvest, which exceeded the values of control variants on average for 2017-2019 by 89,1 and 79,0 % on backgrounds N60P60K60 and N90P90K90 respectively. Correlations were determined for all the studied indicators.

Catch-up growth of yearling wapiti stags (Cervus elaphus)

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wairimu ◽  
R. J. Hudson ◽  
M. A. Price
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Summer Pasture ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gut Fill

Ten yearling wapiti stags were used to investigate effects of winter nutrition on subsequent growth on summer pasture. One group of five (LOW) was wintered on medium-quality hay, and the other group of five (HIGH) was wintered on hay and alfalfa–barley pellets (16% crude protein). By the time they grazed spring pasture in mid-April, HIGH wapiti had larger frame dimensions and were 20 kg heavier than those wintered on hay alone, despite their lower pre-winter weights. However, subsequent catch-up growth rapidly narrowed these differences, and both groups attained similar weights and frame measurements by late July. Liveweight gains on summer pasture were 0.30 and 0.15 kg d−1 for LOW and HIGH wapiti, respectively. Although LOW wapiti tended to have higher gut fill (3.3 vs. 2.5 kg dry matter), the difference (corrected for assumed dry-matter content) was insufficient to explain compensatory weight gain. Digestibilities and mean retention times did not differ consistently between the treatment groups but were reciprocally related to one another. Forage intakes rose as pastures flushed but declined sharply in July with overgrazing and resumption of supplemental feeding. LOW wapiti consumed more pasture dry matter than HIGH wapiti in May and June. Efficiencies of forage utilization were unrelated to nutritional history. Using data pooled for the two treatment groups from April to June gave estimates of 878 kJ W−0.75 for maintenance and 33.4 kJ g−1 for liveweight gain. The main factor contributing to compensatory gain on summer pasture was higher forage intakes, particularly in relation to metabolic weight. Key words: Game farming, elk, compensatory growth, forage intake, passage rate, energy requirements

scholarly journals Сорта картофеля для переработки

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.K. Serderov ◽  
T.G. Khanbabaev ◽  
D.V. Serderovа
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
The Republic

Наряду с правильной организацией базой хранения, для эффективного использования картофеля большое значение имеет его переработка. Содержание сухого вещества один из показателей качества пригодности сортов картофеля для его переработки. В статье обобщены результаты оценки урожайности сортов картофеля в климатических условиях высокогорья Республики Дагестан и содержания в клубнях сухого вещества как критерия пригодности сортов для переработки на картофелепродукты. Исследования проводили в опорном пункте Курахский , МО Курахский район Республики Дагестан, расположенном на высоте 2000 2200 м над уровнем моря в 2017 и 2018 годах. Контроль районированный в республике среднеранний сорт Волжанин. Схема посадки 70 30 см, повторность четырехкратная. Почвенный покров представлен горными каштановыми среднесуглинистыми почвами. Содержание гумуса 2,91-3,01. Питательными веществами почвы обеспечены в средней степени: гидролизуемого азота 2,2-3,5 мг, подвижного фосфора 4-6 мг и обменного калия 12,5-16,5 мг на 100 г. Погодные условия вегетационных периодов были благоприятные для возделывания картофеля. Средняя температура воздуха во время посадки (май) составила 11-12 С, а во время вегетации летние месяцы 14-16 С. Опытные участки расположены опыты в засушливой зоне, так как выпадающие осадки во время вегетации (в среднем 60-80 мм в месяц) недостаточны для роста и развития картофеля. За время вегетации были проведены пять поливов по бороздам из расчета 50 л на м2 (500 м3/га). По урожайности (31,438,7 т/га) в сравнении с контролем выделились сорта: Импала, Ирбитский, Жуковский ранний, Манифест, Матушка, Невский, Примобелла, Розара, Сильвана, Спиридон и Удача. По содержанию сухого вещества (25,829,1) в сравнении с контролем выделились сорта: Алена, Нарт, Гиоконда, Матушка, Росси, Вектор, Примобелла, Импало и Дезире.Along with the correct organization of storage base, for the effective use of potatoes, its processing is of great importance. The dry matter content is one of the indicators of the quality of potato cultivars suitability for processing. The article summarizes the results of assessment of the yield of potato cultivars in the climatic conditions of the highlands of the Republic of Dagestan and the content of dry matter in tubers as a criterion for the suitability of cultivars for processing into potato products. The research was carried out in the reference point Kurakhsky, MO Kurakhsky district of the Republic of Dagestan, located at an altitude of 2000-2200 m above sea level in 2017 and 2018. Control-zoned in the Republic of mid-early cultivar Volzhanin. Planting scheme is 70 30 cm, repeat-four times. The soil is mountain brown medium loamy. Humus content is 2.91-3.01. Soil nutrients are provided to an average extent: hydrolyzed nitrogen 2.2-3.5 mg, mobile phosphorus 4-6 mg and exchange potassium 12.5-16.5 mg per 100 g. The weather conditions of the growing season were favourable for potato growing. The average air temperature during planting (May) was 11-12 C, and during the growing season the summer months was 14-16 C. Experimental plots are located in the arid zone, as precipitation during the growing season (on average 60-80 mm per month) is not sufficient for the growth and development of potatoes. During the growing season, five furrow irrigation was carried out at the rate of 50 l per m2 (500 m3/ha). In terms of yield (31.438.7 t/ha) in comparison with the control, the following cultivars were distinguished: Impala, Irbitsky, Zhukovsky ranniy, Manifest, Matushka, Nevsky, Primobella, Rosara, Silvana, Spiridon and Udacha. According to the dry matter content (25.829.1) in comparison with the control, the following cultivars were distinguished: Alena, Nart, Gioconda, Matushka, Rossi, Vector, Primobella, Impala and Desire.

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