Geological structures mapping of the marginal part of the Outer Carpathians and their basement (SE Poland) based on reprocessing and reinterpretation of 2D seismic profiles

Based on the interpretation of 2D seismic profiles integrated with surface geological investigations, a mechanism responsible for the formation of a large scale normal fault zone has been proposed. The fault, here referred to as the Rycerka Fault, has a predominantly normal dip-slip component with the detachment surface located at the base of Carpathian units. The fault developed due to the formation of an anticlinal stack within the Dukla Unit overlain by the Magura Units. Stacking of a relatively narrow duplex led to the growth of a dome-like culmination in the lower unit, i.e., the Dukla Unit, and, as a consequence of differential uplift of the unit above and outside the duplex, the upper unit (the Magura Unit) was subjected to stretching. This process invoked normal faulting along the lateral culmination wall and was facilitated by the regional, syn-thrusting arc–parallel extension. Horizontal movement along the fault plane is a result of tear faulting accommodating a varied rate of advancement of Carpathian units. The time of the fault formation is not well constrained; however, based on superposition criterion, the syn -thrusting origin is anticipated.

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Stratigraphy and tectonics of a tectonic window in the Magura Nappe (Świątkowa Wielka, Polish Outer Carpathians)

Geologica Carpathica ◽

10.2478/v10096-011-0012-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 139-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marta Oszczypko-Clowes ◽

Nestor Oszczypko

Keyword(s):

Calcareous Nannoplankton ◽

Group Of Units ◽

Marginal Part ◽

Tectonic Window ◽

Outer Carpathians ◽

Tectonic Windows

Stratigraphy and tectonics of a tectonic window in the Magura Nappe (Świątkowa Wielka, Polish Outer Carpathians)The Świątkowa Wielka Tectonic Window belongs to the Grybów Nappe of the Fore-Magura Group of units. This tectonic window is located in the marginal part of the Magura Nappe and is composed of Oligocene — Sub-Grybów Beds as well as the Grybów Marl Formation. These beds have been correlated with the Oligocene deposits of other tectonic windows of the Grybów Nappe in Poland. Our research reveals that the Krosno beds' shally facies, which occur at the western termination of the Świątkowa Wielka Tectonic Window, belong to the Dukla succession. On the basis of calcareous nannoplankton analysis, the Grybów Marl Formation as well as the Krosno Beds belong to the NP23-NP24, and NP24 Zones, respectively. The structure of the Świątkowa Wielka Tectonic Window reveals a multistage evolution of the Magura Nappe overthrust onto their foreland.

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Verification of gravity-flow models: case study from the Lower Eocene sediments (Tylmanowa site, SE Poland)

Baltica ◽

10.5200/baltica.2019.1.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 33-50

Author(s):

Martyna E. Górska

Keyword(s):

Deep Water ◽

Upper Jurassic ◽

Gradual Transition ◽

Lower Eocene ◽

Flow Models ◽

Se Poland ◽

Gravity Flows ◽

Outer Carpathians ◽

Basin Margin

The thick-bedded, deep-water sandstone succession was described at the Tylmanowa site from the Polish Outer Carpathians. This part of the Carpathians is built mainly of the Upper Jurassic to Paleogene deep-water rocks. Succession at the Tylmanowa site is composed of massive, ripple-cross laminated, planar and trough cross-stratified, horizontally laminated and deformed sandstones as well as massive and horizontally laminated mudstones. All these sediments derived from gravity flows that prograde downslope from a basin margin towards the widespread abyssal plain. Exposed succession records the gradual transition from a decelerating debris flow to a turbidity current what is extraordinary in the recent investigations of deep-water sediments. The study succession has been compared with the widely known sediment models, such as: the classic Bouma Sequence (Bouma 1962), the high-density turbidite model (Lowe 1982), the fluxoturbidite model (Ślączka, Thompson 1981) and the hybrid event bed model (Haughton et al. 2009).

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Imaging East European Craton margin in Northern Poland using extended-correlation processing applied to regional reflection seismic profiles

10.5194/se-2019-26 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Miłosz Mężyk ◽

Michał Malinowski ◽

Stanisław Mazur

Keyword(s):

Shear Zones ◽

Seismic Profiles ◽

East European ◽

Reflection Seismic ◽

Ne Poland ◽

Marginal Part ◽

Correlation Processing ◽

New Processing ◽

The Baltic ◽

Lower Crustal

Abstract. In NE Poland, the Eastern European Craton (EEC) crust of the Fennoscandian affinity is concealed under a Phanerozoic platform cover and penetrated by the sparse deep research wells. Most of the inferences regarding its structure rely on geophysical data. Until recently, this area was covered only by the refraction/wide-angle reflection (WARR) profiles, which show a relatively simple crustal structure with a typical cratonic 3-layer crust. ION Geophysical PolandSPAN™ regional seismic program, acquired over the marginal part of the EEC in Poland, offered a unique opportunity to derive a detailed image of the deeper crust. Here, we apply extended correlation processing to a subset (~950 km) of the PolandSPAN™ dataset located in NE Poland, which enabled us to extend the nominal record length of the acquired data from 12 to 22 s (~60 km depth). Our new processing revealed reflectivity patterns, that we primarily associate with the Paleoproterozoic crust formation during the Svekofennian (Svekobaltic) orogeny and which are similar to what was observed along the BABEL and FIRE profiles in the Baltic Sea and Finland, respectively. We propose a mid- to lower-crustal lateral flow model to explain the occurrence of two sets of structures that can be collectively interpreted as kilometre-scale S-C' shear zones. The structures define a penetrative deformation fabric invoking ductile extension of hot orogenic crust. Localized reactivation of these structures provided conduits for subsequent emplacement of gabbroic magma that produced a Mesoproterozoic anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite (AMCG) suite in NE Poland. Delamination of overthickened orogenic lithosphere may have accounted for magmatic underplating and fractionation into the AMCG plutons. We also found sub-Moho dipping mantle reflectivity, which we tentatively explain as a signature of the crustal accretion during the Svekofennian orogeny. Later tectonic phases (e.g. Ediacaran rifting, Caledonian orogeny) did not leave a clear signature in the deeper crust, however, some of the subhorizontal reflectors below the basement, observed in the vicinity of the AMCG Mazury complex, can be alternatively linked with lower Carboniferous magmatism.

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Simultaneous Inversion of Shallow Seismic Data for Imaging of Sulfurized Carbonates

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min9040203 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 203 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kamil Cichostępski ◽

Jerzy Dec ◽

Anna Kwietniak

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Sulfur Content ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Seismic Inversion ◽

Carbonate Sediments ◽

Seismic Profiles ◽

Simultaneous Inversion ◽

Se Poland ◽

Shallow Seismic ◽

Seismic Surveying

In this article, we present a high-resolution shallow seismic surveying method for imaging the inner structure of the Miocene evaporitic formation, where sulfur ore occurs. The survey was completed in the northern part of the Carpathian Foredeep (SE Poland) where sulfur deposits occur up to a depth of ca. 260 m. In this region, the sulfur ore is strata-bound and exists within a carbonate interval of a thickness of approximately 28 m. The average sulfur content reaches up to 30%. Five seismic profiles were acquired with a total length of 2450 m. The acquisition was designed to obtain high-resolution, long offsets and a satisfactory signal-to-noise ratio. In the field, we used 48 channels and variable end-on roll-along spread that allowed us to record offsets of up to 375 m. Data processing was aimed at preserving relative amplitudes (known as RAP, relative amplitude preservation processing), an approach that is necessary for seismic inversion application. With the utilization of well log data and results of simultaneous inversion, we were able to calculate the elastic properties of the deposit to evaluate sulfur ore content and changes in lithology. The sulfur content is strongly dependent on the carbonate reservoir’s porosity. To evaluate porosity changes and associated sulfur content, a simultaneous inversion procedure was used. This is a pioneering approach in which we applied pre-stack inversion methods to shallow carbonate sediments.

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Novel C26 highly branched isoprenoid thiophenes and alkane from the Menilite Formation, Outer Carpathians, SE Poland

Organic Geochemistry ◽

10.1016/s0146-6380(97)00021-1 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 26 (5-6) ◽

pp. 295-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

M.J. Rospondek ◽

J. Köster ◽

J.S.Sinninghe Damsté

Keyword(s):

Se Poland ◽

Outer Carpathians

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Near-Surface Geochemical Anomalies Integrated with Seismic and Well Data over the Contact of the Outer Carpathians and the Carpathian Foredeep (SE Poland)

Geofluids ◽

10.1155/2018/7014324 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Henryk Sechman ◽

Adrianna Góra ◽

Anna Twaróg ◽

Piotr Guzy ◽

Ewelina Górska-Mruk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Soil Gas ◽

High Positive Correlation ◽

Near Surface ◽

Geochemical Anomalies ◽

Se Poland ◽

Fold And Thrust Belt ◽

Carpathian Foredeep ◽

Outer Carpathians ◽

Well Data

The objective of this study is to interpret the regularities in distribution of surface geochemical anomalies observed in a fragment of the contact zone between the Carpathian Fold-and-Thrust Belt and the Carpathian Foredeep (SE Poland). The surface geochemical survey included a total of 670 soil gas samples analyzed by gas chromatography, integrated with seismic cross sections, and supplemented by production data from wells. Maximum concentrations of methane, total alkanes C2-C5, total alkenes C2-C4, H2, and CO2measured in soil gas samples were 27.1 vol.%, 45.3 ppm, 0.49 ppm, 0.232 vol.%, and 6.29 vol.%, respectively. Traces of alkanes detected in samples are the result of microseepage from a few accumulations of various compositions. Methane and ethane migrate primarily from relative shallow Miocene strata, and higher alkanes from deeper Miocene strata and from Paleozoic-Mesozoic basement. We found relatively high positive correlation between the distribution of surface geochemical anomalies and the relative intensity of hydrocarbon shows recorded in the wells. The location and range of 13 anomalous zones are controlled by the patterns of both the Dębno and the Wojnicz slice-folds. Most of the anomalies occur over the Wojnicz Trough, suggesting the presence of conventional accumulations and/or the sites where the Miocene mudstone and heterolithic formations are saturated with gas.

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Burial history, thermal history and hydrocarbon generation modelling of the Jurassic source rocks in the basement of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep and Outer Carpathians (SE Poland)

Geologica Carpathica ◽

10.2478/v10096-012-0026-2 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 335-342 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Paweł Kosakowski ◽

Magdalena Wróbel

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Thermal History ◽

Vitrinite Reflectance ◽

Source Rocks ◽

Hydrocarbon Generation ◽

Thermal Maturity ◽

Burial History ◽

Se Poland ◽

Carpathian Foredeep ◽

Outer Carpathians

Burial history, thermal history and hydrocarbon generation modelling of the Jurassic source rocks in the basement of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep and Outer Carpathians (SE Poland)Burial history, thermal maturity, and timing of hydrocarbon generation were modelled for the Jurassic source rocks in the basement of the Carpathian Foredeep and marginal part of the Outer Carpathians. The area of investigation was bounded to the west by Kraków, to the east by Rzeszów. The modelling was carried out in profiles of wells: Będzienica 2, Dębica 10K, Góra Ropczycka 1K, Goleszów 5, Nawsie 1, Pławowice E1 and Pilzno 40. The organic matter, containing gas-prone Type III kerogen with an admixture of Type II kerogen, is immature or at most, early mature to 0.7 % in the vitrinite reflectance scale. The highest thermal maturity is recorded in the south-eastern part of the study area, where the Jurassic strata are buried deeper. The thermal modelling showed that the obtained organic matter maturity in the initial phase of the "oil window" is connected with the stage of the Carpathian overthrusting. The numerical modelling indicated that the onset of hydrocarbon generation from the Middle Jurassic source rocks was also connected with the Carpathian thrust belt. The peak of hydrocarbon generation took place in the orogenic stage of the overthrusting. The amount of generated hydrocarbons is generally small, which is a consequence of the low maturity and low transformation degree of kerogen. The generated hydrocarbons were not expelled from their source rock. An analysis of maturity distribution and transformation degree of the Jurassic organic matter shows that the best conditions for hydrocarbon generation occurred most probably in areas deeply buried under the Outer Carpathians. It is most probable that the "generation kitchen" should be searched for there.

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