scholarly journals ÁREAS COM POTENCIAL PARA CONSERVAÇÃO DE RECURSOS DA BACABA (Oenocarpus distichus) NO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO, BRASIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. 202039
Author(s):  
Maria das Graças Rodrigues Ferreira ◽  
Nelcimar Reis Sousa ◽  
José Mário Ferro Frazão ◽  
Zulimar Márita Ribeiro Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
The State ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

AREAS WITH POTENTIAL FOR THE CONSERVATION OF RESOURCES OF BACABA (Oenocarpus distichus) IN THE STATE OF MARANHÃO, BRAZILAREAS CON POTENCIAL PARA CONSERVACIÓN DE RECURSOS DA BACABA (Oenocarpus distichus) EN EL ESTADO DEL MARANHÃO, BRASILRESUMOAs bacabeiras (Oenocarpus distichus) são palmeiras típicas da Amazônia que ocorrem com maior frequência no leste, dispersando-se do Pará ao Maranhão. A bacabeira por suas características ecobotânicas apresentam grandes oportunidades de serem valoradas em serviços ecossistêmicos. É explorada pelo extrativismo, seja para o consumo de seus frutos na forma de bebida ou na extração do óleo, podendo ser cultivadas em sistemas agroflorestais para a produção de frutos, palmito e, especialmente, o óleo. O presente estudo investigou e mapeou a ocorrência de populações naturais de Oenocarpus distichus no Maranhão para identificar as áreas com potenciais para conservação. A pesquisa é descritiva e foi realizada em diferentes sedes municipais e/ou povoados de seis microrregiões do estado do Maranhão: Baixada Maranhense, Gurupi, Chapada das Mangabeiras, Litoral Ocidental Maranhense, Rosário e Itapecuru. Os pontos de ocorrência foram georreferenciados e armazenadas no aparelho GPS. Posteriormente no software (Qgis 2.18) foi feita a conversão das coordenadas de extensão KML para shapefile, criando um banco de dados utilizado para produzir o mapa da distribuição espacial da bacaba. Entre as áreas pesquisadas a maior ocorrência identificada foi na microrregião de Rosário, com destaque para os municípios de Axixá e Presidente Juscelino; seguido da microrregião do Litoral Ocidental Maranhense, em Serrano do Maranhão. Constatou-se que as populações de bacaba estão bastante reduzidas nas áreas mapeadas, contudo ainda existem indivíduos preservados em quintais, favorecendo estratégias de conservação on farm.Palavras-chave: Bacaba; Extrativismo; Maranhão.ABSTRACTThe bacabeiras (Oenocarpus distichus) are typical palms tree from Amazon that occur more frequently in the east, dispersing from Pará to Maranhão. The bacabeira due to its ecobotanical characteristics present great opportunities to be valued in ecosystem services. It is exploited by extractivism, either for the consumption of its fruits in the form of drinks or in the extraction of oil and can be grown in agroforestry systems to produce fruits, hearts of palm and, especially, oil. The present study investigated and mapped the occurrence of natural populations of Oenocarpus distichus in Maranhão to identify potential areas to conservation. The research is descriptive and was realized in different municipal headquarters and/or populated in six microregions in the state of Maranhão: Baixada Maranhense, Gurupi, Chapada das Mangabeiras, Litoral Ocidental Maranhense, Rosário and Itapecuru. The occurrence points were georeferenced and stored on the device GPS. Later, in the software (Qgis 2.18) the conversion of the KML extension coordinates to shapefile was performed, creating a database used to produce the spatial distribution map of bacaba. Among the areas surveyed, the highest occurrence identified was in microregion of Rosário with highlight on the municipalities of Axixá and Presidente Juscelino, followed by microregion of Litoral Ocidental Maranhense through of Serrano do Maranhão. It was constated that bacaba populations are considerable reduced in the mapped areas, however there are still individuals preserved at backyards, favoring conservation strategies on farm.Keywords: Bacaba; Extractivism; Maranhão.RESUMENLas bacabeiras (Oenocarpus distichus) son palmeras típicas de la Amazonia que ocurren con mayor frecuencia en el este, dispersándose del Pará al Maranhão, estados de Brasil. La bacabeira por sus características ecobotánicas presentan grandes oportunidades de ser valoradas en servicios ecosistémicos. Es explotada por el extractivismo, sea para el consumo de sus frutos en la forma de bebida o en la extracción del aceite, pudiendo ser cultivadas en sistemas agroforestales para la producción de frutos, palmito y especialmente, el aceite. El presente estudio investigó y mapeó áreas de ocurrencia de poblaciones naturales de O. distichus en Maranhão para identificar áreas com potencial para la conservación. La investigación es descriptiva y fue realizada en diferentes sedes municipales y/o poblados de seis microrregiones del estado de Maranhão: Baixada Maranhense, Gurupi, Chapada das Mangabeiras, Litoral Occidental Maranhense, Rosário y Itapecuru. Los puntos de ocurrencia fueron georreferenciados y almacenados en el dispositivo GPS. Más adelante en el software (Qgis 2.18), las coordenadas de extensión KML se convertieron en formato shapefile, creando uma base de datos utilizada para producir el mapa de distribuición espacial de bacaba. Entre las seis áreas investigadas la mayor ocurrencia identificada fue en la microrregión de Rosario, con destaque para los municipios de Axixá y Presidente Juscelino; seguido del Litoral Occidental Maranhense, en Serrano do Maranhão. Se constató que las poblaciones de bacaba están bastante reducidas en las áreas mapeadas, sin embargo todavía existen individuos preservados en quintales, favoreciendo estrategias de conservación on farm.Palabras clave: Amazonía; Extractivismo; Maranhão.

scholarly journals Flood risk spatial index analysis in the coastal Pekalongan, Central Java, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 06028
Author(s):  
Ratna Mustika Anindita ◽  
Indah Susilowati ◽  
Fuad Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Spatial Index ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
High Level ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map ◽  
Very High ◽  
Level Of Risk

The North coast of Java is increasingly exposed to flood risks due to land subsidence and climate change, resulting in sea-level rise. This paper developed a flood risk spatial index model in the coastal Pekalongan. The model was systematically arranged from various flood risk indicators related to the social, economic, and environment of coastal Pekalongan based on surveys and interviews with the communities and regional governments. These indicators are then integrated into hazard and vulnerability as components of risk. Using the index system method and ArcGIS, the risk index is classified into five levels (very high, high, medium, low, very low) and generated into a flood risk spatial distribution map. We found that the risk in the study area varies between a medium to a very high level of risk. The very high level of risk was located in Tratebang, Pecakaran, and Tegaldowo Village. A risk spatial distribution map can be used to evaluate potential risks and flood mitigation.

scholarly journals Analisis Spektral Data Curah Hujan di Sulawesi Utara

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Novvria Sagita ◽  
As'ari . ◽  
Wandayantolis .
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spectral Density ◽  
Fast Fourier Transform ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Rainfall Patterns ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

Penelitian ini mengkaji lebih dalam perbedaaan pola curah hujan di Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian menggunakan data 12 stasiun atau pos pengamatan curah hujan di Sulawesi Utara dengan menggunakan teknik Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat peta distribusi spasial periodisitas spektral curah hujan di wilayah Sulawesi Utara, sehingga dapat dianalisis fenomena cuaca yang mempengaruhi curah hujan di beberapa wilayah di Sulawesi Utara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Sulawesi Utara diklasifikasikan menjadi 2 tipe periodisitas curah hujan yang memiliki kekuatan kerapatan spektral tertinggi dengan periode 36 dasarian dan periode 18 dasarian. Sulawesi Utara juga diklasifikasikan menjadi 5 tipe periodisitas curah hujan yang memiliki kekuatan kerapatan spektral tertinggi ke dua dengan periode 3-11 dasarian, periode 18 dasarian, periode 36 dasarian, periode 60-110 dasarian dan periode 359 dasarian.This research examines more deeply the differences in rainfall patterns in Northern Sulawesi. This research use the data from 12 stations or rainfall observation posts in North Sulawesi by using the technique of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The purpose of this research is to create a spatial distribution map of rainfall spectral periodicity in North Sulawesi in order to analyze weather phenomena that affect rainfall in some areas in North Sulawesi. Based on the results of this study, North Sulawesi is classified into 2 types of rainfall periodicity having the highest spectral density power with the period of 36 ten-days (dasarian) and the period of 18 ten-days. North Sulawesi is also classified into 5 types of rainfall periodicity having the second highest spectral density power with the period of 3-11 ten-days, the period of 18 ten-days, the period of 36 ten-days, the period of 60-110 ten-days and the period of 359 ten-days.

scholarly journals A new spatial distribution map ofδ18O in Antarctic surface snow

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yetang Wang ◽  
Shugui Hou ◽  
Valérie Masson-Delmotte ◽  
Jean Jouzel
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Surface Snow ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

scholarly journals Study on the Spatial Distribution of Gansu Longshen Cult in Qing Dynasty Based on ArcGIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 03023
Author(s):  
Zhang keze
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Traditional Society ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
The Times ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

Influenced by the limitations of the times, the agricultural belief and sacrificial system are developed and widely used in the traditional society of China, and the Longshen cult is a typical one. Taking the Gansu Longshen cult in Qing Dynasty as a case, this paper considered that the Longshen temple throughout Gansu are mainly the result of the correspondence between the rain function of Longshen and the characteristics of climate drought. Based on the statistics of the number of Longshen temple, the spatial distribution map of Gansu Longshen cult in Qing Dynasty was drawn by ArcGIS software.

scholarly journals Impacts of culture-wise shrimp farming activities on hydrogeochemistry: a case study from Chidambaram taluk, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gangadharan Rajendran ◽  
Nila Rekha Peter
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Farming Area ◽  
Reverse Ion Exchange ◽  
Shrimp Farms ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

AbstractShrimp farming is one of the most important aquaculture practices in terms of area, production, employment and foreign exchange generation in India. In recent years, the growth and intensification of shrimp farms in the study area have been explosive, and setting up of new shrimp farms along the coastal areas has also become a matter of apprehension among the environmentalists. An extensive survey made by environmentalists elsewhere shows mixed opinion, but ascertains the real scenario as facts. A total of about 46 groundwater samples were collected in five phases: pre-culture, summer culture, immediately after summer harvest (IASH), winter culture and immediately after winter culture, respectively. The results revealed that the high value of TDS, Na, Cl and Br is observed in IASH, and also, the spatial distribution map confirmed that higher concentration is observed near to the creek and sea. Moreover, the abundance of these ions is in the following order: Na > Ca > Mg > k and Cl > HCO3 > SO4 > CO3 > NO3 > Br for different culture periods, respectively. Piper diagram depicts that the groundwater was controlled by ion exchange reactions. Further, Chadha’s classification revealed that the reverse ion exchange was the dominated feature, and it is supported by various ionic indices such as Na/Cl versus EC, (Ca + Mg) versus (SO4 + HCO3), (Na–Cl) versus (Ca + Mg–HCO3–SO4), (Ca + Mg) versus Cl and Na/Cl versus Cl, respectively. The result of factor analysis shows that most of the variations are elucidated by the seawater intrusion, rock–water interactions and anthropogenic activities during different culture periods. The spatial distribution map of factor scores clearly delineates that the positive values are observed near to the creek and sea and in that, shrimp farming area is not predominated. R-mode cluster analysis shows that groundwater quality does not vary extensively as a function of culture periods. Moreover, Q-mode classification consists of two clusters: the first cluster has a high saline water concentration comprising samples location near to the creek and sea. The second cluster mainly depends upon rock–water interactions and the majority of shrimp farming area are grouped under these categories. The above statements clearly indicate that groundwater parameters mainly depend upon the geological process and that shrimp farming cannot be targeted as the root cause for groundwater salinization.

Qualification of the tomographic reconstruction in atom probe by advanced spatial distribution map techniques

2009 ◽  
Vol 109 (7) ◽  
pp. 815-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Moody ◽  
Baptiste Gault ◽  
Leigh T. Stephenson ◽  
Daniel Haley ◽  
Simon P. Ringer
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Tomographic Reconstruction ◽  
Atom Probe ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

scholarly journals Analysis of Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Human Echinococcosis at the Township Level in Sichuan Province, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei He ◽  
Wen-jie Yu ◽  
Guang-jia Zhang ◽  
Sha Liao ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Trend Surface Analysis ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
And Control ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map ◽  
Human Echinococcosis

Abstract BackgroundEchinococcosis is a global zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larvae of Echinococcus, which affects both humans and animals. In China, this disease is highly endemic in Sichuan Province. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and spatial distribution characteristics of human echinococcosis at the township level in Sichuan province, so as to provide a reference for the development of precise prevention and control strategies in the future.MethodsWe explored the prevalence of echinococcosis using the B-ultrasonography diagnostic method in Sichuan province between 2016 and 2019, where patients and transmission conditions had been identified in the past. All data were inputted using Epi-Info software, while SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. We then employed ArcGIS software to draw the spatial distribution map and perform trend surface analysis. Finally, Geoda software was used to analyze spatial autocorrelation and draw Lisa clustering map.ResultsA total of 2 542 135 people from 649 towns in 35 counties of Sichuan province were screened for echinococcosis, of which 11 743 echinococcosis patients were detected. The prevalence of echinococcosis in humans was 0.462%, among which the occurrence of cystic echinococcosis [CE] was 0.221%, while that of alveolar echinococcosis [AE] was 0.244%. We also observed that the predominance of echinococcosis in humans decreased gradually from west to east and from north to south based on the results of the spatial distribution map and trend surface analysis. The Global Moran's I index was 0.77 (Z = 32.07, P < 0.05), which indicated that the prevalence of echinococcosis in humans was spatially clustered, exhibiting a significant spatial positive correlation. Further, the findings of local spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed that the “high-high” concentration areas were primarily located in some townships in the northwest of Sichuan province. On the other hand, the “low-low” concentration areas were predominantly located in some townships in the southeast of Sichuan province. ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that the prevalence of echinococcosis in humans of Sichuan province is following a downward trend, implying that the current prevention and control work has achieved some substantial outcomes. However, the prevalence in humans at the township level is widely distributed and differs greatly, with a clear clustering in space. Therefore in the future, precise prevention and control strategies should be formulated for clusters, particularly strengthening the “high-high” clusters at the township level.

scholarly journals Earth Observation for the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 11 Indicators at Local Scale: Monitoring of the Migrant Population Distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 950
Author(s):  
Mariella Aquilino ◽  
Cristina Tarantino ◽  
Maria Adamo ◽  
Angela Barbanente ◽  
Palma Blonda
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Migrant Population ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
The City ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

This study focused on implementation of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11 indicators, at local scale, useful in monitoring urban social resilience. For this purpose, the study focused on updating the distribution map of the migrant population regularly residing in Bari and a neighboring town in Southern Italy. The area is exposed to increasing migration fluxes. The method implemented was based on the integration of Sentinel-2 imagery and updated census information dated 1 January 2019. The study explored a vector-based variant of the dasymetric mapping approach previously used by the Joint Research Center (JRC) within the Data for Integration initiative (D4I). The dasymetric variant implemented can disaggregate data from census areas into a uniform spatial grid by preserving the information complexity of each output grid cell and ensure lower computational costs. The spatial distribution map of regular migrant population obtained, along with other updated ancillary data, were used to quantify, at local level, SDG 11 indicators. In particular, the map of regular migrant population living in inadequate housing (SDG 11.1.1) and the ratio of land consumption rate to regular migrant population growth rate (SDG 11.3.1) were implemented as specific categories of SDG 11 in 2018. At the local level, the regular migrant population density map and the SDG 11 indicator values were provided for each 100 × 100 m cell of an output grid. Obtained for 2018, the spatial distribution map revealed in Bari a high increase of regular migrant population in the same two zones of the city already evidenced in 2011. These zones are located in central parts of the city characterized by urban decay and abandoned buildings. In all remaining city zones, only a slight generalized increase was evidenced. Thus, these findings stress the need for adequate policies to reduce the ongoing process of residential urban segregation. The total of disaggregated values of migrant population evidenced an increase of 44.5% in regular migrant population. The indicators obtained could support urban planners and decision makers not only in the increasing migration pressure management, but also in the local level monitoring of Agenda 2030 progress related to SDG 11.

scholarly journals Seasonal Particulate Matter (PM10) Concentration in Klang Valley, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.11) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnis Asmat ◽  
Siti Norhayati Mohamad Tarmizi ◽  
Nur Hidayah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Industrial Pollution ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
Pm10 Concentration ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Kriging Method ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

This paper presents a study on Seasonal Particulate Matter (PM10) concentration at selected region in Klang Valley for two years database (2002-2004). The study aimed to analyse on how the distribution of PM10 concentration has changed over monsoonal. Kriging method was employed for interpolating PM10 concentration over limited dataset from seven monitoring stations in Klang Valley. Results found that higher PM10 concentration was recorded during Southwest monsoon (65.92μg/m-3) followed by both inter-monsoon (62.17μg/m-3) and (59.13μg/m-3) respectively. Meanwhile, the lowest concentration (36.67μg/m-3) was recorded during northeast monsoon. From the distribution, Klang station has recorded the highest PM10 concentration throughout the season, followed by Kuala Selangor (59.33μg/m-3). Hulu Langat and Gombak stations have shown the lowest concentration of PM10, (40.92μg/m-3) and (36.67μg/m-3) respectively. The spatial distribution map indicated that the PM10concentration level is not only determining by seasonal but also depends on location of monitoring station itself. The concentration may increase if the station is closer to the proximity of urban and industrial pollution sources.  

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