Effects of Physical Activity on Bone Mineral Density, Body Composition, and Cardiovascular Risk Factor in Postmenopausal and Premenopausal Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Kang-Koo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factor ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Mineral Density

scholarly journals Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition of Adult Premenopausal Women with Three Levels of Physical Activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando D. Saraví ◽  
Fabiana Sayegh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Sport Team

Weight-bearing and resistance physical activities are recommended for osteoporosis prevention, but it is unclear whether an intensity level above current recommendations has a positive effect on adult premenopausal women. Body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) by DXA were compared in three groups of women as follows: Sedentary, Maintenance exercise, and federated Sport Team (n=16for each group). Physical activity was estimated from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The groups did not differ in age, height, weight, or body mass index. Bone mineral content and non-fat soft tissue mass were higher and fat mass was lower in the Sport Team group than in the other groups. The same was true for BMD of total skeleton, lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip. A test for linear trend of body composition and BMD showed significant results when including all three groups. Simple and multiple regression analyses showed significant associations between physical activity level (or alternatively, years of participation in programmed physical activity) and bone mass measures at all sites except for the middle third of radius. It is concluded that a level of physical activity higher than that usually recommended benefits bone health in adult premenopausal women.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density in young adults: the influence of vitamin D status, biochemical indicators, physical activity and body composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kopiczko ◽  
Monika Łopuszańska-Dawid ◽  
Karol Gryko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Abstract Summary The aim of the study was to assess the associations of bone mineral density and bone mass with physical activity levels, vitamin D, phosphorus, magnesium, total cholesterol and triglyceride concentration and body composition in young women and men. Physical activity has the most significant effect on bone status especially in men. Purpose The aim of the study was to assess the associations of bone mineral density and bone mass with physical activity levels, vitamin D, phosphorus, magnesium, total cholesterol and triglyceride concentration and body composition in young women and men. Methods One hundred subjects aged 19–24 years were included. Bone mineral density (BMD) in distal and proximal parts was evaluated by forearm densitometry. Body composition was analysed with the use of JAWON-Medical-x-scan. The following biochemical indicators were analysed: 25(OH) D and 1,25(OH)2D, magnesium, phosphorus, total cholesterol and triglycerides. Physical activity levels were assessed by interview. Results Significant correlations between BMD and physical activity, skeletal muscle mass and body fat percentage were revealed in men. Among women, considerably weaker correlations of BMD with body composition and physical activity were noted than in men. BMD in the distal part correlated only with lean body mass, soft lean mass and body fat percentage. The strongest relationship between physical activity and bone mineral status parameters was noted for BMD in men. In women, physical activity did not affect BMD. Conclusions Physical activity has the most significant effect on bone status especially in men.

scholarly journals High Levels of Physical Activity May Promote a Reduction in Bone Mineral Density in Peritoneal Dialysis

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Armando Raimundo ◽  
Zelinda Charrua ◽  
Nuno Batalha ◽  
Catarina Pereira ◽  
Jose Parraca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Mineral Density

Background and objectives: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are expected to present lower levels of physical activity, unhealthy changes at the body composition level, and low levels of strength. Firstly, this study aimed to report the sex differences in physical activity, body composition and muscle strength and the relations among these variables. Secondly, we analyze the relationship between physical activity and biochemical parameters. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four patients (13 women and 21 men) participated in this study. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and maximum isokinetic unilateral strength, analytical parameters and physical activity levels were evaluated. Results: The men showed higher values for weight, height, lean body mass, bone mineral content, bone mineral density (BMD) and total body water, while women showed higher values for the percentage of fat mass and hydration of lean body mass (p < 0.05). No differences between the sexes were found in different levels of physical activity; however, males registered significantly higher values for isokinetic strength variables except for knee extensor strength. BMD was positively related to sedentary activity and negatively related to moderate and vigorous activity (r = 0.383 and r = −0.404, respectively). Light physical activity was negatively correlated with albumin (r = −0.393) and total protein (r = −0.410) levels, while moderate/vigorous activity was positively correlated with urea distribution volume (r = 0.446) and creatinine clearance (r = 0.359) and negatively correlated with the triglyceride level (r = −0.455). Conclusions: PD patients with higher levels of physical activity present better results in terms of body composition and biochemical parameters. Additional studies should be conducted to clarify the relation between physical activity level and BMD.

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