scholarly journals ​Mathematical Modeling and Optimization for Emission Parameter SO2 of Dual Fuel CI Engine using Mustard Stalk

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakhwinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residue ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Emission Parameter ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Nitrogen Contents ◽  
Central Composite

Background: Punjab (India) an agricultural state with twelve major crops sown round the year, produces 14.53 MT as crop residue. This huge quantity of crop residue poses a serious problem of stubble burning in the fields, leading to an alarming level of air pollution across the state, along with a potential loss of fuel usable for power generation. About 1000 MW of electricity can be generated from this crop residue by the proper utilization (Singh et al. 2015). Methods: Characteristics of various crop residues were evaluated experimentally and further investigations have been carried out to study the performance of producer gas derived from mustard stalk using a downdraft gasifier in combination with diesel oil in dual fuel diesel engine, where effect of various input parameters such as type of fuel, equivalence ratio and load on engine were studied on emission component SO2. Results were modeled and optimized through central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) using design of experiments technique to determine the most desirable mode of utilization. Result: It has been found that fixed carbon (40.55%), sulphur (0.367%), moisture contents (6.88%) and nitrogen contents (1.314%) in mustard stalk is almost same as in coal, where as hydrogen (6.124%), oxygen (43.965%), volatile matter (68.93%), gross calorific values (3933 kcal/kg) of mustard stalk are more and ash content (6.65%) is less as compared to corresponding values for coal. In all the three modes of operations, SO2 increases with increase in load on the engine. ER has no effect in diesel alone mode but in dual modes with increase in ER further increases SO2 as high temperature producer gas and air along with sulphur enters the engine which further increases the value of SO2.

scholarly journals Producer gas combustion in the internal combustion engine

2010 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Karol CUPIAŁ ◽  
Stanisław SZWAJA
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Combustion Instabilities ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Combustion Knock ◽  
High Work

The investigation presented in the paper concerns producer gas combustion in both the spark ignited (SI) and the dual-fuel compression ignition (CI) engine with a diesel pilot of 15% with respect to its nominal dose, at compression ratio (CR) of 8, 12 (for the SI engine) and 17 (for the CI engine). The research tasks were mainly focused on combustion instabilities such as engine work cycles unrepeatability and combustion knock onset. The investigation included also combustion of such gases as methane, biogas and hydrogen, which were taken for making comparison between them and the producer gas. The conducted analysis shows that producer gas is resistant to generate knock even if it contains significant hydrogen content of 16%. However, high work cycles unrepeatability is observed when producer gas is combusted in the SI engine. Obtained results led to conclusion that producer gas can be burnt more efficiently in the dual-fuel CI engine than the SI one. Neither misfiring nor knocking have occurred during its combustion in that engine.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan gasifikasi batubara untuk unit pengeringan teh

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Ari Susandy Sanjaya ◽  
S Suhartono ◽  
Herri Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier ◽  
Gasification Process

Coal gasification utilization for tea drying unit. Anticipating the rise of fuel oil, the management of a tea plantation and drying plant has considered to substitute its oil consumption with producer gas (gaseous fuel obtained from gasification process). A tea drying unit normally consumes 70 L/h of industrial diesel oil and is operated 10 hours per day. The gasification unit consisted of a down draft fixed bed gasifier (designed capacity of about 100 kg/h), gas cooling and cleaning systems. The gas producer was delivered to the tea processing unit and burned to heat the drying oil: Low calorific value coal (4500 kcal/kg) and wood waste (4000 kcal/kg) have been used as fuel. The gasification unit could be operated as long as 8 hours without refueled since the coal hopper on the toppart of gasifier has a capacity of 1000 kg. Sometimes, the gasification process must be stopped before coal completely consumed due to ash melting inside the gasifier. Combustion of producer gas produced a pale-blue flame, probably due to a lower calorific value of the producer gas or too much excess air. Temperature of heating-air heated by combustion of this producer gas was only up to 96 oC. To achieve the target temperature of 102 oC, a small oil burner must he operated at a rate ofabout 15 L/h. Thus the oil replacement was about 78%.Keywords:  Fuel oil, Producer gas, Downdraft gasifier, Dual fuel, Calorific value, Burner. AbstrakKenaikan harga bahan bakar minyak untuk industri pada awal 2006 telah mendorong berbagai pemikiran dan upaya pemanfaatan bahan bakar alternatif. Sebuah unit gasifikasi telah dipasang di pabrik teh sebagai penyedia bahan bakar alternatif. Unit gasifikasi tersebut terdiri dari gasifier, pendingin, pembersih gas, dan blower. Unit gasifikasi ini ditargetkan untuk dapat menggantikan konsumsi minyak bakar 70 L/jam. Gasifier dirancang untuk kapasitas 120 kg/jam batubara, dan memiliki spesifikasi sebagai berikut: downdraft gasifier; diameter tenggorokan 40 cm, diameter zona reduksi 80 cm. Bunker di bagian atas gasifier memiliki kapasitas sekitar 1000 kg batubara agar gasifier dapat dioperasikan selama 8 jam tanpa pengisian-ulang. Bahan baku gasifikasi yang telah diuji-coba adalah batuhara kalori rendah (4500 kcal/kg) dan limbah kayu (4000 kcal/kg). Gas produser (hasil gasifikasi) dibakar pada burner untuk memanaskan udara pengering teh sampai temperatur target 102 oC. Pembakaran gas produser ternyata menghasilkan api biru pucat yang mungkin disebabkan oleh rendahnya kalor bakar gas dan tingginya udara-lebih. Temperatur udara pengering hasil pemanasan dengan api gas produser hanya mencapai 96 oC. Dan untuk mencapai temperatur udara pengering 102 oC, burner gas prod user harus dibantu dengan burner minyak 15 L/jam. Jadi operasi dual fued ini dapat memberi penghematan minyak bakar 78%.Kata kunci: Minyak bakar, Gas produser, Downdraft gasifier, Dual fuel, Kalor bakar, Burner. 

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