scholarly journals Genetic variability, heritability for quantitative traits in upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Meghawal ◽  
G.M. Lal ◽  
Ranjana Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

The present investigation consists of 34 genotypes with one local check (NDR-359) grown at field experimentation centre at the Department of Genetic and Plant Breeding, SHIATS, Allahabad evaluated for thirteen quantitative characters. All the genotypes differed significantly with respect to all the quantitative traits. High to moderate estimates of GCV and PCV were found for number of panicle per plant, number of tiller per plant, plant height and number of spikelet’s per panicle, indicating these traits could be use for selection in crop improvement. Plant height, number of spikelet’s per panicle, test weight and flag leaf length exhibited high values for broad sense heritability. Number of spikelet’s and plant height showed highest genetic advance coupled with high heritability, which is also exhibited by number of panicle per plant, number of tillers per plant and plant height suggesting pre dominance of additive gene action in the expression of these traits.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Upland Rice Germplasm in Malaysia Based on Quantitative Traits

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sohrabi ◽  
M. Y. Rafii ◽  
M. M. Hanafi ◽  
A. Siti Nor Akmar ◽  
M. A. Latif
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

Genetic diversity is prerequisite for any crop improvement program as it helps in the development of superior recombinants. Fifty Malaysian upland rice accessions were evaluated for 12 growth traits, yield and yield components. All of the traits were significant and highly significant among the accessions. The higher magnitudes of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for flag leaf length-to-width ratio, spikelet fertility, and days to flowering. High heritability along with high genetic advance was registered for yield of plant, days to flowering, and flag leaf length-to-width ratio suggesting preponderance of additive gene action in the gene expression of these characters. Plant height showed highly significant positive correlation with most of the traits. According to UPGMA cluster analysis all accessions were clustered into six groups. Twelve morphological traits provided around 77% of total variation among the accessions.

scholarly journals CRISPR/Cas9 Directed Mutagenesis of OsGA20ox2 in High Yielding Basmati Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Line and Comparative Proteome Profiling of Unveiled Changes Triggered by Mutations

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gul Nawaz ◽  
Babar Usman ◽  
Neng Zhao ◽  
Yue Han ◽  
Zhihua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Absolute Quantification ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Altered Level ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

In rice, semi-dwarfism is among the most required characteristics, as it facilitates better yields and offers lodging resistance. Here, semi-dwarf rice lines lacking any residual transgene-DNA and off-target effects were generated through CRISPR/Cas9-guided mutagenesis of the OsGA20ox2 gene in a high yielding Basmati rice line, and the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) strategy was utilized to elucidate the proteomic changes in mutants. The results indicated the reduced gibberellins (GA1 and GA4) levels, plant height (28.72%), and flag leaf length, while all the other traits remained unchanged. The OsGA20ox2 expression was highly suppressed, and the mutants exhibited decreased cell length, width, and restored their plant height by exogenous GA3 treatment. Comparative proteomics of the wild-type and homozygous mutant line (GXU43_9) showed an altered level of 588 proteins, 273 upregulated and 315 downregulated, respectively. The identified differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were mainly enriched in the carbon metabolism and fixation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, photosynthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. The proteins (Q6AWY7, Q6AWY2, Q9FRG8, Q6EPP9, Q6AWX8) associated with growth-regulating factors (GRF2, GRF7, GRF9, GRF10, and GRF11) and GA (Q8RZ73, Q9AS97, Q69VG1, Q8LNJ6, Q0JH50, and Q5MQ85) were downregulated, while the abscisic stress-ripening protein 5 (ASR5) and abscisic acid receptor (PYL5) were upregulated in mutant lines. We integrated CRISPR/Cas9 with proteomic screening as the most reliable strategy for rapid assessment of the CRISPR experiments outcomes.

scholarly journals Characterization of finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] germplasm for morphological parameters under field conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 836-838
Author(s):  
A. P. Goswami ◽  
B. Prasad ◽  
V. C. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

The trial was conducted at the research block of Crop Improvement, GBPUAT, Hill Campus, Ranichauri using randomized block design (RBD) to characterize finger millet germplasm for morphological characters viz., plant height, flag leaf length, number of tiller plant-1, number of finger ear-1, ear length, no. of grain finger-1, no. of grain ear-1 and grain yield plant-1. Among all germplasms, number of finger ear-1, number of grain finger-1 and grain yield plant-1(g) had recorded highest in VL 149 which were 9.96, 150.66, 2.63 g respectively. The germplasm GEC 1406 attained lowest plant height (75.89 cm), GEC 961 had recorded higher flag leaf length (40.96 cm), GEC 268 had recorded maximum number of tiller plant-1 (3.30), GEC 199 had recorded higher ear length (9.20 cm), GEC 1044 had recorded maximum number of grain ear-1 (663) among all germplasm of finger millet. This study is helpful to identify superior germplasm so they can be used for further finger millet crop improvement programs.

scholarly journals Multi-variate analysis for yield evaluation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 067-075
Author(s):  
Nwafor Daniel Chijioke ◽  
Oluwatoyin Sunday Osekita
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Component Trait ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

Field experiment was carried out at the experimental field of the Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology beside the screen house, to study yield evaluation in rice genotypes. The plot was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and the treatments replicated three times. Seven rice genotypes sourced from the department crop improvement unit were sowed in a plot size of 5×1m. The study was conducted in 2016/2017 planting seasons. Data were collected on yield component traits i.e. number of tillers, plant height, number of days to panicle initiation, number of days to maturity, panicle length, panicle weight, number of spikelet per panicle, number of grain per panicle, 1000 grain weight, grain yield per hill and flag leaf length. The result of factor analysis indicated that the first factor was positively loaded for yield component trait however; the first six principal components jointly accounted for 98.99% of the total variation among the genotype studied. High levels of variability expressed among the varieties suggested that further improvement in the varieties is possible.

scholarly journals Studies on character association among quality traits and yield components in Basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-298
Author(s):  
Amod Kumar ◽  
Shiv Kumar ◽  
Sarvendra Singh ◽  
Janeshwar Prasad ◽  
A. S. Jeena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Character Association ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

Rice is most important food crop of India and grown in different regions with differential consumer preferences for grain size, shape, aroma and cooking qualities. Therefore, crop improvement in rice not only focused on yield but also to enhance quality. Hence the present investigation was carried out with an objective of assessing the character association among twenty-two morphological and quality characters of thirty basmati rice (Oryza sativa L) genotypes. Correlation analysis revealed that Seed yield was significantly and positively associated with days to maturity (0.330**), number of tillers per plant (0.434**), number of grains per panicle (0.358**), grain weight per panicle (0.410**), and flag leaf length (0.258*).  The days to maturity exhibited a significant positive correlation with plant height, panicle length, grain weight per plant, kernel length before cooking, kernel length after cooking and L: B ratio. Tiller per plant reflected the positive and significant association with a number of grains per panicle, grain weight per panicle and grain weight per plant. Flag leaf length showed a significant positive correlation with a number of grains per panicle and grain weight per plant, while Grains per panicle was positively and significantly associated with grain weight per panicle, grain weight per plant and kernel breadth before cooking.  Grain weight per panicle exhibited a significant positive association with grain yield per plant (0.410**), kernel breadth before cooking (0.381**), 100 grain weight (0.240*) and 100 kernel weight (0.210*).  These characters could be utilized to form a selection index for improvement of the basmati rice.

scholarly journals Variability, Heritability and Genetic advance of introduced upland rice genotypes at Fogera in North Western Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Mersha Tezera
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Flag Leaf Width ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Variability, heritability and genetic advance are basic in order to provide information for plant breeding programs. Forty nine upland rice genotypes were tested in 7*7 simple lattice design at Fogera in Wereta station of Adet Agricultural Research Center in 2012/13. The objectives of the study were to estimate the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of the genotypes tested. Analysis of variance revealed that there was highly significant difference among the 49 genotypes for all the characters studied. Accessions IR 78937-B-3-B-B-1 and IR 78937-B-3-B-B-2 had the highest yield with a score of 5374.5 kg/ha and 5305.6 kg/ha respectively. The high yielding genotype IR 78937-B-3-B-B-1 had a yield advantage of 57% and 22.2%, respectively, as compared to standard checks Nerica-4 and Hidasie. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) values ranged from 2.5% for panicle length to 49.98% for number of spikelet per panicle. While the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) ranged from 2.4 % for panicle length to 47.6 % for number of spikelet per panicle. Number of tiller per plant (22.47%), number spikelet per panicle (49.98%), thousand seed weight (25.56%) and yield (23.93%) had higher PCV values. The PCV values for flag leaf length (14.79%), flag leaf width (16.12%), and culm length (16.42%) and number of panicle per plant (16.32%) were medium. Flowering cycle (7.81%), maturation cycle (2.9%), and panicle length (2.5%) had lower PCV values. GCV values were low for flowering cycle (7.21%), maturation cycle (1.82%) and panicle length (2.4%); medium for flag leaf length (14.26%), flag leaf width (15.39%), culm length (15.19 %) and number of panicle per plant (15.72%); high for number of tillers per plant (22.18 %), yield (23.07%), thousand seed weight (25.18%) and number of spikelet per panicle (47.60%). The high GCV values of these characters suggest that genetic impact is higher and environmental influence is lower. This study generally had indicated that there was significant genetic variability or divergence among the genotypes. Thus, the improvement program of the upland rice genotypes through direct selection rather than a lengthy crossing program is recommended.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, association and diversity analysis in upland Rice (Oryza sativa L)

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Khare ◽  
AK Singh ◽  
S Eram ◽  
PK Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Fertile Spikelet

High heritability coupled with high to moderate phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation and genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for grain yield per plant, plant height, test weight, fertile spikelet per panicle, total grains per panicle and number of effective tillers per plant. Positive and significant association were observed for days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, panicle length, fertile spikelet per panicle, total grains per panicle and spikelet fertility with grain yield per plant at both genotypic and phenotypic level, while highest positive direct effect on grain yield was recorded by fertile spikelet per panicle, total number of grains per panicle, plant height and days to 50% flowering. Based on ten quantitative traits the accessions were clustered into seven groups, the cluster III contained highest 14 accessions, followed by clusters I comprised 11 accessions and cluster VI, VII, V, IV and II have 9, 8, 7, 6 and 5 accessions, respectively. The first four principal components accounted for 77.13% of total variation of all the traits. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i2.21915 SAARC J. Agri., 12(2): 40-51 (2014)

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY IN LOCAL BORO RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES OF BANGLADESH

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Siddique ◽  
M. Khalequzzaman ◽  
M. Z. Islam ◽  
M. S. Ahamed ◽  
E. S. M. H. Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Boro Rice

Genetic diversity in 40 traditional boro rice genotypes was studied under irrigated condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster IV contained the highest number of genotypes (22) and the cluster II and V contained the lowest (1). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster III and lowest for cluster II and V. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and III followed by cluster II and V, cluster I and II and the lowest between cluster I and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster II   showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster II could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, panicle/hill had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, flag leaf length and grain length breadth ratio were obtained from cluster IV. The highest 1000-grain weight, shortest growth duration and grain breadth were found in cluster II while the lowest mean value for yield, flag leaf length, filled grains and 1000 grain weight were found in cluster V.  Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster II, III and cluster IV for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster V which would be used to produce new recombinants with desired traits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v26i1.19980

scholarly journals Estimation of combining ability for yield and yield component traits in upland rice (Oryza Sativa L.) of Uttarakhand hills

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 406-414
Author(s):  
J. P. Aditya ◽  
Anuradha Bhartiya
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Additive Gene

Combining ability for grain yield and its component characters in rainfed upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) were studied during Kharif 2014 using half diallel involving ten parents viz., VL Dhan 221, Vivek Dhan 154, VL 30240, VL 7620, VL 30560, VL 8116, VL 8549, VL 8724, VL 8732 and Sukradhan1. Both general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) variances were found to be highly significant for the characters viz., plant height (gca=85.42; sca=23.12), days to 50% flowering (gca=101.61; sca=42.61), days to maturity (gca=90.37; sca=37.73), tillers per plant (gca=4.63; sca=1.38), panicle per plant (gca=2.36; sca=0.90),kernel length (gca=28.88; sca=23.61), kernel width (gca=1.64; sca=1.92),1000 grain weight (gca=3.60; sca=4.91), grain yield per plot (gca=8.57; sca=3.03), fertile grains per panicle (gca=690.67; sca=300.95) and grains per panicle (gca=1050.58; sca=437.75) indicating the importance of additive and non-additive gene actions in the expression of these traits. However, predominance of non-additive gene action was recorded for all the characters. Parents VL Dhan 221, VL 7620, VL 30560, Sukradhan 1 were good general combiners for grain yield and related characters. VL Dhan 221 and Vivek Dhan 154 were good general combiners for plant height and earliness. On the basis of specific combining ability effects, cross combinations Vivek Dhan 154 x VL 8549, VL 7620 x VL 30560, VL 8549 x VL 8732, VL 30560 x VL 8116 and VL 30240 x VL 8116 were the best specific combiner for grain yield per plot and other associated characters viz., plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, kernel length and kernal width.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Local Rainfed Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Siddique ◽  
ESMH Rashid ◽  
M Khalequzzaman ◽  
MZ Islam ◽  
MS Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Rainfed Rice ◽  
Cluster Distance

Genetic diversity of 58 traditional local rice genotypes was studied under rainfed condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into nine clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster III contained the highest number of genotypes (13) and the cluster I contained the lowest (2). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster I and the lowest for cluster VII. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and IV followed by cluster IX and IV, cluster I and VI and the lowest between cluster V and III. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster IV showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster IV could be hybridized with the genotypes of other characters of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, flag leaf length, plant height, panicle length and grain breath had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, 1000 grain weight and grain breath were obtained from cluster VIII. The highest plant height, flag leaf width and panicle length were found in cluster II while the lowest mean value for yield, days to flowering and maturity, unfilled grain and the highest mean value for grain length breadth ratio were found in cluster II. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster IV and cluster VIII, cluster I and cluster IV for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster II which would be used to produce new recombinants with desired traits.   Key words: Genetic diversity; D2 analysis; cluster analysis; rice (Oryza sativa L)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i2.9324 Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 23(2): 41-46, 2010

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