Studies on character association among quality traits and yield  components in Basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Rice is most important food crop of India and grown in different regions with differential consumer preferences for grain size, shape, aroma and cooking qualities. Therefore, crop improvement in rice not only focused on yield but also to enhance quality. Hence the present investigation was carried out with an objective of assessing the character association among twenty-two morphological and quality characters of thirty basmati rice (Oryza sativa L) genotypes. Correlation analysis revealed that Seed yield was significantly and positively associated with days to maturity (0.330**), number of tillers per plant (0.434**), number of grains per panicle (0.358**), grain weight per panicle (0.410**), and flag leaf length (0.258*). The days to maturity exhibited a significant positive correlation with plant height, panicle length, grain weight per plant, kernel length before cooking, kernel length after cooking and L: B ratio. Tiller per plant reflected the positive and significant association with a number of grains per panicle, grain weight per panicle and grain weight per plant. Flag leaf length showed a significant positive correlation with a number of grains per panicle and grain weight per plant, while Grains per panicle was positively and significantly associated with grain weight per panicle, grain weight per plant and kernel breadth before cooking. Grain weight per panicle exhibited a significant positive association with grain yield per plant (0.410**), kernel breadth before cooking (0.381**), 100 grain weight (0.240*) and 100 kernel weight (0.210*). These characters could be utilized to form a selection index for improvement of the basmati rice.

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GENETIC DIVERSITY IN LOCAL BORO RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES OF BANGLADESH

Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics ◽

10.3329/bjpbg.v26i1.19980 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 19-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. A. Siddique ◽

M. Khalequzzaman ◽

M. Z. Islam ◽

M. S. Ahamed ◽

E. S. M. H. Rashid

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Growth Duration ◽

Cluster Distance ◽

Flag Leaf Length ◽

1000 Grain Weight ◽

Boro Rice

Genetic diversity in 40 traditional boro rice genotypes was studied under irrigated condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster IV contained the highest number of genotypes (22) and the cluster II and V contained the lowest (1). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster III and lowest for cluster II and V. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and III followed by cluster II and V, cluster I and II and the lowest between cluster I and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster II showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster II could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, panicle/hill had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, flag leaf length and grain length breadth ratio were obtained from cluster IV. The highest 1000-grain weight, shortest growth duration and grain breadth were found in cluster II while the lowest mean value for yield, flag leaf length, filled grains and 1000 grain weight were found in cluster V. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster II, III and cluster IV for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster V which would be used to produce new recombinants with desired traits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v26i1.19980

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CRISPR/Cas9 Directed Mutagenesis of OsGA20ox2 in High Yielding Basmati Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Line and Comparative Proteome Profiling of Unveiled Changes Triggered by Mutations

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21176170 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (17) ◽

pp. 6170 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gul Nawaz ◽

Babar Usman ◽

Neng Zhao ◽

Yue Han ◽

Zhihua Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Rapid Assessment ◽

Absolute Quantification ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Basmati Rice ◽

Lodging Resistance ◽

Altered Level ◽

Flag Leaf Length

In rice, semi-dwarfism is among the most required characteristics, as it facilitates better yields and offers lodging resistance. Here, semi-dwarf rice lines lacking any residual transgene-DNA and off-target effects were generated through CRISPR/Cas9-guided mutagenesis of the OsGA20ox2 gene in a high yielding Basmati rice line, and the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) strategy was utilized to elucidate the proteomic changes in mutants. The results indicated the reduced gibberellins (GA1 and GA4) levels, plant height (28.72%), and flag leaf length, while all the other traits remained unchanged. The OsGA20ox2 expression was highly suppressed, and the mutants exhibited decreased cell length, width, and restored their plant height by exogenous GA3 treatment. Comparative proteomics of the wild-type and homozygous mutant line (GXU43_9) showed an altered level of 588 proteins, 273 upregulated and 315 downregulated, respectively. The identified differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were mainly enriched in the carbon metabolism and fixation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, photosynthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. The proteins (Q6AWY7, Q6AWY2, Q9FRG8, Q6EPP9, Q6AWX8) associated with growth-regulating factors (GRF2, GRF7, GRF9, GRF10, and GRF11) and GA (Q8RZ73, Q9AS97, Q69VG1, Q8LNJ6, Q0JH50, and Q5MQ85) were downregulated, while the abscisic stress-ripening protein 5 (ASR5) and abscisic acid receptor (PYL5) were upregulated in mutant lines. We integrated CRISPR/Cas9 with proteomic screening as the most reliable strategy for rapid assessment of the CRISPR experiments outcomes.

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Nitrogen effect on the growth and yield contributing characters of Binadhan-19

Asian Journal of Crop, Soil Science and Plant Nutrition ◽

10.18801/ajcsp.040220.20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 04 (02) ◽

pp. 157-164

Author(s):

M. B. Akter ◽

N. Nahar ◽

M. S. Rana ◽

M. N. Hasan ◽

M. B. Rayhan

Keyword(s):

Flag Leaf ◽

Block Design ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Superior Performance ◽

Nitrogen Effect ◽

Matter Production ◽

Four Levels ◽

Flag Leaf Length

The experiment was conducted at the BINA sub-station, Rahmatpur, Barishal, during the period from April 2020 to August 2020 to investigate the effect of nitrogen on the yield of transplant Aus rice cv. Binadhan-19. The experiment comprised four levels of nitrogen viz (a) N0 (zero nitrogen), (b) N1 (90 kg N/ha), (c) N2 (110 kg N/ha) and (d) N3 (130 kg N/ha). Nitrogen fertilizer was applied at two splits. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results revealed that plant height, effective tiller, non-effective tiller, flag leaf length, filled gran, unfilled grain and 1000 grain weight were increased with increasing nitrogen doses till 110 kg N ha-1. Furthermore, the highest grain weight was recorded in 110 kg N ha-1 due to superior performance of yield contributing characters of BInadhan-19. A positive correlation was found between grain yield and total dry matter production. The experimental results concluded that 110 kg N ha-1 would be the best dose for higher gain yield in Binadhan-19 in aus season.

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Genetic variability, heritability for quantitative traits in upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes

Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika ◽

10.18805/bkap242 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

D.R. Meghawal ◽

G.M. Lal ◽

Ranjana Tiwari

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Additive Gene ◽

Field Experimentation ◽

Flag Leaf Length

The present investigation consists of 34 genotypes with one local check (NDR-359) grown at field experimentation centre at the Department of Genetic and Plant Breeding, SHIATS, Allahabad evaluated for thirteen quantitative characters. All the genotypes differed significantly with respect to all the quantitative traits. High to moderate estimates of GCV and PCV were found for number of panicle per plant, number of tiller per plant, plant height and number of spikelet’s per panicle, indicating these traits could be use for selection in crop improvement. Plant height, number of spikelet’s per panicle, test weight and flag leaf length exhibited high values for broad sense heritability. Number of spikelet’s and plant height showed highest genetic advance coupled with high heritability, which is also exhibited by number of panicle per plant, number of tillers per plant and plant height suggesting pre dominance of additive gene action in the expression of these traits.

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Genetic Parameters and Selection Indices in F3 Progenies of Hill Rice Genotypes

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb448275 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 110-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gulzar S. SANGHERA ◽

Subhash C. KASHYAP

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

Days To Maturity ◽

Biological Yield ◽

Effect On Yield ◽

Flag Leaf Length

The F3 population of eighteen different cross combinations using five local and seven exotic genotypes was used to study the genetic parameters, heritability, correlation and path coefficients for fourteen quantitative characters under temperate conditions. The selected progenies showed highly significant difference for most of the agro-morphological characters. Comparatively high phenotypic coefficients of variation were observed for all the character than genotypic coefficient variation. High heritability (%) was recorded for days to 50% flowering (96%) followed by days to maturity (95%) and grain yield per plant (84%). High genetic advance were observed for grain yield (47%) followed by biological yield/plant (27%) and harvest index (25%). Days to 50% flowering was positively and significantly correlated with days to maturity, grain length with LB ratio flag leaf length with grain breadth and panicle length with grain breadth at genotypic level. Path coefficient analysis revealed that harvest index and biological yield has highest direct effect on yield followed by days to maturity and number of grain per panicle. Biological yield per plant has highest indirect effect on yield via days to flowering followed by grain weight via biological yield per plant, grain breadth via days to 50 % flowering and flag leaf length via biological yield per plant. Therefore, information on the genetic parameters such as coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance and the influence of environment on the expression of these characters will help the breeder to evolve suitable cultivars within a short time for hill ecologies.

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Mapping of QTLs for source and sink associated traits under elevated CO2 in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Plant Growth Regulation ◽

10.1007/s10725-019-00564-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 90 (2) ◽

pp. 359-367

Author(s):

Li-Ping Dai ◽

Xue-Li Lu ◽

Wei-Wei Zou ◽

Chang-Jian Wang ◽

Lan Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Substitution Lines ◽

Branch Number ◽

Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines ◽

Segment Substitution ◽

Flag Leaf Length ◽

Source And Sink

AbstractRice source- and sink-associated traits are important for grain yield and are sensitive to environmental conditions. The continuing increase of CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere will become a major challenge for rice growth and development in the future due to changes in our climate such as extremes in temperature. To guarantee food safety, novel genetic loci need to be identified for source- and sink-associated traits that are specifically expressed under elevated CO2 conditions. Eighty chromosome segment substitution lines carrying japonica (Nipponbare) chromosome segments in the indica (9311) background were used in this study. QTL analysis was conducted for source- and sink-related traits, including flag leaf length, flag leaf width, flag leaf fresh weight, flag leaf dry weight, primary branch number, secondary branch number, grain number per panicle, panicle weight per plant, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid contents, under ambient CO2 concentrations and free-air CO2 enrichment. A total of 49 QTLs for these traits were detected on chromosomes 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 12 under the two conditions; the variance explained by these QTLs varied from 6.22 to 38.15%. Among these QTLs, 19 of them were detected under the natural field conditions and 30 were detected in the elevated CO2 conditions. In addition, 2 and 13 QTLs were specifically expressed in the natural and CO2-enriched conditions, respectively. Our findings have important implications on the utilization of germplasm resources for ensuring food security under elevated CO2 levels, especially for QTLs that were specifically detected under the elevated CO2 condition.

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Combining ability studies for developing new rice hybrids in Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v42i2.18022 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 215-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

MJ Hasan ◽

UK Kulsum ◽

LF Lipi ◽

AKM Shamsuddin

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Gene Action ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Female Parent ◽

Breeding Strategy ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Days To Maturity ◽

Additive Gene ◽

Flag Leaf Length

Combining ability on grain yield and its components from line × tester analysis of 70 rice hybrids produced by crossing seven CMS lines and ten testers of local and exotic origin were studied. The analysis revealed higher sca variance than gca variance for all the traits indicating the prevalence of non-additive gene action. Testers played important role towards panicle length (48.18%), spikelet fertility (60.46%) and grain yield/plant (55.44%) indicating predominant of paternal influence for these traits. The contribution of interactions (line × tester) were found vital for plant height (58.55%), effective tillers/plant (51.69%), days to 50% flowering (48.95%), days to maturity (48.32%), flag leaf length (68.55%), panicles/m2 (48.61%) and panicle weight (50.39%). D.ShanA was the only good general combiner among the female parent for earliness and dwarfness. Male parent IR64R was best general combiner for dwarfness. The crosses BRRI9A × BR168R and D.ShanA × BR168R were identified as most promising for yield and desired traits based on sca effects, per se performance and gca effects of parents for grain yield and its components in rice which could be exploited beneficially in future rice breeding program by adopting heterosis breeding strategy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v42i2.18022 Bangladesh J. Bot. 42(2): 215-222, 2013 (December

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Phenotypic Characterization of Jhum Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Landraces Collected from Rangamati District in Bangladesh

Bangladesh Rice Journal ◽

10.3329/brj.v21i1.37382 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 47-57

Author(s):

MZ Islam ◽

M Khalequzzaman ◽

MA Siddique ◽

N Akter ◽

MS Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Principal Component ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Phenotypic Characterization ◽

Area Index ◽

Rice Landraces ◽

Flag Leaf Length

Genetic diversity of 30 Jhum rice landraces was studied under irrigated condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for agro-morphological characters. The landraces were grouped into five clusters. The intercluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the landraces of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The principal component analysis exposed that the first five components with vector values > 1 contributed 81.14% of the total variations. The highest number (8) of landraces was observed in cluster IV and the lowest (4) in cluster II. The intra-cluster distance was maximum in cluster III (1.62) containing six landraces and minimum in cluster I (0.57) having six landraces. The highest inter cluster value was 23.44 (between cluster II and V) and the lowest was 7.29 (between cluster III and IV). The highest flag leaf length, leaf area index, filled grains per panicle were found in cluster V while the lowest culm diameter, short duration, low yielding genotypes were clubbed into cluster II. Dwarf stature and lower flag leaf length were recorded into cluster I whereas the highest plant height and panicle length were obtained from cluster IV. Based on canonical vector analysis, culm diameter, days to flowering, days to maturity and length-breadth ratio had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. Selection of parents from the clusters II and V followed by hybridization would possibly result in desirable transgressive segregants. Finally, Jhum rice landraces need to be conserved in Genebank for future breeding programmeBangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(1): 47-57

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