scholarly journals Gelotophobia and indicators of subclinical cardiovascular symptoms amongst healthy subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-150
Author(s):  
Miroslava Petkova ◽  
Valeri Nikolov ◽  
Emil Nikolov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Rejection ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Arterial Stiffening ◽  
Study Results

The high morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have led to an increasing extent of research into its aetiology. The main focus was initially on biological risk factors. Whilst these factors do account for half of the variances in cardiovascular disease risk, researchers have begun to focus on identifying the psychological and behavioural risk factors. Feeling socially excluded or rejected threatens people’s mental and physical well-being. Arterial stiffening may underlie the association between social rejection and cardiovascular disease. This study aims to investigate the associations between fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) as a sign of social rejection and indicators of subclinical cardiovascular symptoms—central arterial stiffness and to determine whether this association is independent of or mediated by anxiety. Methods: The demographic data (age, gender, education, marital status and occupation), smoking status and body weight were collected, and all the individuals were subjected to instrumental measurement of the condition of the arterial walls using applanation tonometry, EKG and blood pressure (BP) measurement. Data collection tools: A self-assessment questionnaire, measuring anxiety and gelotophobia, was used. Conclusions: In this study, individuals with a specific fear of being laughed at and ridiculed, who always perceive other persons’ laughter as a threat, showed the higher pulse wave velocity. This is a confirmation of the idea that social rejection is a significant factor for CVD and confirmation of the usefulness of the assessment of gelotophobia in the process of clarifying social rejection. Recommendation: The study results support the idea that the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) can be used as a sign and predictor of social rejection and social isolation. On this point, the future research can be addressed to the creation of interventions for social rejection relief and early detection and reduction of subclinical cardiovascular symptoms, before cardiovascular health problems develop.   Keywords: Arterial stiffening, gelotophobia, pulse wave velocity, social rejection.

Abstract P184: Pulse Wave Velocity is Associated With Coronary Calcification and Improves its Prediction in Young And Middle-Aged Asymptomatic Adults: The Kangbuk Samsung Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Cainzos-Achirica ◽  
Sanjay Rampal ◽  
Yoosoo Chang ◽  
Seungho Ryu ◽  
Yiyi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors

Introduction: The role of pulse wave velocity (PWV) in assessing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in asymptomatic non-elderly adults is unclear. PWV assessment, however, is readily available, non-invasive, cheap, and does not involve radiation exposure. Hypothesis: The aim of our study was to evaluate the hypothesis that brachial-ankle PWV was associated with coronary artery calcium (CAC) in a large sample of young and middle-aged asymptomatic adults, and that PWV increases the predictive value of traditional CVD risk factors for predicting the presence of CAC. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 15,009 asymptomatic men and women without a history of cardiovascular disease who underwent a health screening program that included both PWV and CAC measurements. Brachial-ankle PWV was obtained from bilateral brachial and posterior tibial artery pressure waveforms using the oscillometric method. Robust tobit regression was used to assess the association between PWV and natural log(CAC+1) and logistic regression was used to model the presence of detectable CAC (CAC>0) and CAC>100 adjusting for multiple CVD risk factors. Measures of calibration and discrimination were calculated to test the incremental value of adding PWV to traditional risk factors in predicting prevalent CAC. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 41.6 years (SD 7.2) and 83% (12,452) were men. Subjects with higher PWV had generally less favorable CVD risk profiles. The multivariable-adjusted CAC score ratios (95% confidence interval) comparing quintiles 2 - 5 of PWV to the first quintile were 1.21 (0.78, 1.86), 1.54 (1.01, 2.33), 1.98 (1.30, 3.01), and 2.83 (1.84, 4.37), respectively (P trend 100 were consistent with the results for CAC ratios. The addition of PWV to traditional risk factors significantly improved the discrimination and calibration of models for predicting the prevalence of detectable CAC (net reclassification index [NRI] for predicting detectable CAC and CAC score > 100 of 0.167 and 0.252, respectively; both p<0.001). Conclusions: In this large sample of young and middle-aged asymptomatic adults, brachial-ankle PWV was independently associated with the presence and the extent of CAC. PWV measurements improve the prediction of detectable CAC compared to traditional CVD risk factors and may help identify young and middle-age subjects with increased risk of subclinical disease.

scholarly journals Cardio-ankle Vascular Index Is More Closely Associated Than Brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity With Variables Predicting Future Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taro Saigusa ◽  
Kentaro Watanabe ◽  
Yurika Hada ◽  
Kota Ishii ◽  
Wataru Kameda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Background: This study aimed to compare the usefulness of arterial stiffness parameters, cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), for evaluating future cardiovascular disease (CVD) in subjects with diabetes.Methods: The study subjects were 277 patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. All subjects were evaluated for vascular stiffness using CAVI (n = 154) or baPWV (n = 123). Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and the Suita score were also measured because these are established risk factors for future CVD. Associations of both CAVI and baPWV with these established parameters were evaluated in all subjects, and then in 172 subjects with adjustment for covariates by using propensity score matching.Results: In all subjects, CAVI and baPWV correlated significantly with both IMT (r = 0.470, P < 0.001, and r = 0.256, P = 0.004, respectively) and the Suita score (r = 0.558, P < 0.001, and r = 0.360, P < 0.001, respectively). The correlation between CAVI and IMT was more significant than that between baPWV and IMT (Z = 2.03, P = 0.042).　Similarly, the correlation between CAVI and the Suita score was more significant than that between baPWV and the Suita score (Z = 2.07, P = 0.039). After adjustment by matching, significant correlations between CAVI and IMT (r = 0.459, P < 0.001) and between CAVI and the Suita score (r = 0.526, P < 0.001) were preserved, though only the association between baPWV and the Suita score was significant (r = 0.270, P = 0.011) while that between baPWV and IMT showed no significance. Again, CAVI showed a significantly stronger association with the Suita score than baPWV (Z = 1.99, P = 0.046).Conclusions: CAVI is more closely associated than baPWV with variables predicting future CVD in patients with diabetes.

06.01 THE INFLUENCE OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND RISK FACTORS ON AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN AORTIC PULSE WAVE VELOCITY

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
C.M. McEniery ◽  
Y. Yasmin ◽  
M. Munnery ◽  
S.M.L. Wallace ◽  
B. McDonnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Chronic Kidney Disease and Pulse Wave Velocity: A Narrative Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Lioufas ◽  
Carmel M. Hawley ◽  
James D. Cameron ◽  
Nigel D. Toussaint
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with excess cardiovascular mortality, resulting from both traditional and nontraditional, CKD-specific, cardiovascular risk factors. Nontraditional risk factors include the entity Chronic Kidney Disease–Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) which is characterised by disorders of bone and mineral metabolism, including biochemical abnormalities of hyperphosphatemia and hyperparathyroidism, renal osteodystrophy, and vascular calcification. Increased arterial stiffness in the CKD population can be attributed amongst other influences to progression of vascular calcification, with significant resultant contribution to the cardiovascular disease burden. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) measured over the carotid-femoral arterial segments is the noninvasive gold-standard technique for measurement of aortic stiffness and has been suggested as a surrogate cardiovascular end-point. A PWV value of 10 m/s or greater has been recommended as a suitable cut-off for an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. CKD is a risk factor for an excessive rate of increase in aortic stiffness, reflected by increases in PWV, and increased aortic PWV in CKD shows faster progression than for individuals with normal kidney function. Patients with varying stages of CKD, as well as those on dialysis or with a kidney transplant, have different biological milieu which influence aortic stiffness and associated changes in PWV. This review discusses the pathophysiology of arterial stiffness with CKD and outlines the literature on PWV across the spectrum of CKD, highlighting that determination of arterial stiffness using aortic PWV can be a useful diagnostic and prognostic tool for assessing cardiovascular disease in the CKD population.

Utility of arterial stiffness assessment in children

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Panchangam ◽  
Eric Dean Merrill ◽  
Geetha Raghuveer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Healthy Children

AbstractAtherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and the atherosclerotic process begins in childhood. Prevention or containment of risk factors that accelerate atherosclerosis can delay the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Although current recommendations are to periodically screen for commonly prevailing risk factors for atherosclerosis in children, a single test that could quantify the cumulative effect of all risk factors on the vasculature, thus assessing arterial health, would be helpful in further stratifying risk. Measurement of pulse wave velocity and assessment of augmentation index – measures of arterial stiffness – are easy-to-use, non-invasive methods of examining arterial health. Various studies have assessed pulse wave velocity and augmentation index in children with commonly occurring conditions including obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, physical inactivity, chronic kidney disease, CHD and acquired heart diseases, and in children who were born premature or small for gestational age. This article summarises pulse wave velocity and augmentation index assessments and the effects of commonly prevailing chronic conditions on arterial health in children. In addition, currently available reference values for pulse wave velocity and augmentation index in healthy children are included. Further research to establish widely applicable normative values and the effect of lifestyle and pharmacological interventions on arterial health in children is needed.

scholarly journals Plasma expression of microRNA-425-5p and microRNA-451a as biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Taverner ◽  
Dídac Llop ◽  
Roser Rosales ◽  
Raimon Ferré ◽  
Luis Masana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Epigenetic Biomarkers

AbstractTo validate in a cohort of 214 rheumatoid arthritis patients a panel of 10 plasmatic microRNAs, which we previously identified and that can facilitate earlier diagnosis of cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients. We identified 10 plasma miRs that were downregulated in male rheumatoid arthritis patients and in patients with acute myocardial infarction compared to controls suggesting that these microRNAs could be epigenetic biomarkers for cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Six of those microRNAs were validated in independent plasma samples from 214 rheumatoid arthritis patients and levels of expression were associated with surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease (carotid intima-media thickness, plaque formation, pulse wave velocity and distensibility) and with prior cardiovascular disease. Multivariate analyses adjusted for traditional confounders and treatments showed that decreased expression of microRNA-425-5p in men and decreased expression of microRNA-451 in women were significantly associated with increased (β = 0.072; p = 0.017) and decreased carotid intima-media thickness (β = −0.05; p = 0.013), respectively. MicroRNA-425-5p and microRNA-451 also increased the accuracy to discriminate patients with pathological carotid intima-media thickness by 1.8% (p = 0.036) in men and 3.5% (p = 0.027) in women, respectively. In addition, microRNA-425-5p increased the accuracy to discriminate male patients with prior cardiovascular disease by 3% (p = 0.008). Additionally, decreased expression of microRNA-451 was significantly associated with decreased pulse wave velocity (β = −0.72; p = 0.035) in overall rheumatoid arthritis population. Distensibility showed no significant association with expression levels of the microRNAs studied. We provide evidence of a possible role of microRNA-425-5p and microRNA-451 as useful epigenetic biomarkers to assess cardiovascular disease risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

scholarly journals Elevated levels of urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate are associated with arterial stiffness in Korean adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hee Haam ◽  
Young-Sang Kim ◽  
Doo-Yeoun Cho ◽  
Hyejin Chun ◽  
Sang-Woon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that cellular perturbations play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we analyzed the association between the levels of urinary metabolites and arterial stiffness. Our cross-sectional study included 330 Korean men and women. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was measured as a marker of arterial stiffness. Urinary metabolites were evaluated using a high-performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was found to be positively correlated with l-lactate, citrate, isocitrate, succinate, malate, hydroxymethylglutarate, α-ketoisovalerate, α-keto-β-methylvalerate, methylmalonate, and formiminoglutamate among men. Whereas, among women, the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was positively correlated with cis-aconitate, isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate. In the multivariable regression models adjusted for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, three metabolite concentrations (urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate) were independently and positively associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Increased urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate concentrations were associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and independent of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings suggest that metabolic disturbances in cells may be related to arterial stiffness.

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