Evaluation of Ipomoea carnea (jacq.) extracts and chlorpyrifos insecticide against the cotton leafworms, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Mamdouh I. Nassar ◽  
Mohamed T. Taha ◽  
Hala M. I. Mead ◽  
Mohamed G. M. Salama
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Ipomoea Carnea ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Botanical Extracts ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
Lc50 And Lc90

The cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.), is an insect that causes serious damages to more than 112 plant species belonging to 44 different families. Botanical extracts of Ipomoea carnea were very efficient against fourth instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis. Based on LC50 and LC90 values, Ipomoea carnea acetone extracts were recorded 24.622 and 164.947 ppm, respectively. While hexane extracts were 232.677 and 15,377.590 ppm, respectively. Also, the treatment of fourth instar larva of S. littoralis with chlorpyrifos insecticide caused 9.497 and 91.126 ppm, respectively. The chemical constituents of acetone extract of I. carnea by using GC–MS analysis resulted in the most active compounds that were palmatic (iso propyl-hexadecanoate), silane, [[(3.alpha.,5.alpha.,20R)-pregnane-3,20-diyl]bis(oxy)] bis (trimethyl-(cas)5. and pederone that recorded (44.025%, 11.455% and 9.325%, respectively). Ipomoea carnea extracts were produced with different deformation abnormalities of all S. littoralis stages.Keywords: Schistocerca gregaria, Ipomoea carnea, botanical extracts, bioassay.

Accumulation of cadmium by the fourth instar larva of the fly Chironomus thummi

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Seidman ◽  
Gerald Bergtrom ◽  
David J. Gingrich ◽  
Charles C. Remsen
Keyword(s):  
Instar Larva ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Fourth Instar Larva ◽  
Chironomus Thummi

scholarly journals Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) deaneorum: a new species in the albitarsis complex (Diptera: culicidae)

1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Goreti Rosa-Freitas
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Fourth Instar Larva ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) deaneorum sp. n. is described from specimens collected in Guajará-Mirim, Rondônia state and Rio Branco, Acre state, Brazil, on human and animal baits, inside dwellings and from the progenies of engorged females. A detailed description of the shape of egg, external appearance of adult female and male, genitalias, female cibarial armature and complete chaetotaxy of pupa and larva show that it can be distinguished from Anopheles albitarsis from the type-locality and other areas by the paler general external appearance of the adult, the posterolateral tufts of scales, on the female abdominal terga and the branching of the outer anterior clypeal seta (3-C) of the fourth instar larva (as shown in illustrations). If species can also be distinguished from An. albitarsis from the type locality by the allele frequencies at 11 enzymic loci as represented by Nei's Genetic Distance.

Description of the fourth‐instar larva of Coquillettidia linealis (Diptera: Culicidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Petrina H Johnson ◽  
Richard C Russell
Keyword(s):  
Instar Larva ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Fourth Instar Larva

scholarly journals Biology and Predation of Stethorus punctillum Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) feeding on Tetranychus urticae Koch

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC Biswas ◽  
W Islam ◽  
MM Haque
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Fourth Instar Larva ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Stethorus Punctillum

The duration of hatching, larval instars and pupal stages of Stethorus punctillum feeding on two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae were investigated in different seasons under laboratory conditions. The highest values of different developmental stages were obtained during winter. Higher temperature significantly reduced the duration of different developmental stages. No significant effect of relative humidity was exerted on the development stages of S. punctillum. The predation rate of fourth instar larva of S. punctillum was the highest whereas the first instar larva consumed the lowest number of prey. The fourth instar larva of the predator consumed 135.8 eggs, 126.4 larvae, 96.6 nymphs and 72.8 adults per day separately. But the first instar consumed 41.6 eggs, 36.2 larvae, 26.8 nymphs and 16.8 adults during the same period. Keywords: Developmental durations, predation, Tetranychus urticae, Stethorus punctillum   doi: 10.3329/jbs.v15i0.2196 J. bio-sci. 15: 1-5, 2007

scholarly journals Anopheles (Cellia) rampae n. sp., alias chromosomal form K of the Oriental Maculatus Group (Diptera: Culicidae) in Southeast Asia

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2810 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRADYA SOMBOON ◽  
DAMRONGPAN THONGWAT ◽  
RALPH E. HARBACH
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Fourth Instar Larva ◽  
Chromosomal Form ◽  
Oriental Region ◽  
As Species

Chromosomal form K (also known as species K) of the Anopheles maculatus group of sibling species in the Oriental Region is diagnosed and formally named An. (Cellia) rampae Harbach & Somboon, n. sp. The male genitalia, pupa and fourth-instar larva are illustrated and information is provided on the morphology, systematics, bionomics and distribution of the species.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Herbal Concoctions Sold at Ga Maja (Limpopo Province) in South Africa and In Vitro Pharmacological Evaluation of Plants Used to Manufacture the Concoctions

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mash M. Matotoka ◽  
Peter Masoko
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Herbal Mixtures

The aim of the study was to evaluate the biological activities and safety of commercial herbal concoctions manufactured in Ga Maja (Limpopo province). Microbial contamination was evaluated by spread-plating the concoctions on agar plates. The VITEK 2 instrument was used for identification of the pure cultures. Nutritional content of the concoctions was determined. Thin layer chromatography was used to analyze the chemical constituents of the extracts. The microdilution assay and bioautography were used to evaluate antimicrobial activity against selected microorganisms. Sodium, potassium, and zinc were elements most abundant in the concoctions. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents. Acetone extracts of Hypoxis hemerocallidea and Kirkia wilmsii extracts had antioxidant activity. The minimum inhibitory concentrations values against test bacteria ranged between 0.02 and 0.63 mg/mL. Further studies are required to isolate bioactive compounds and evaluate their cytotoxicity. Caution in the consumption of the herbal mixtures should be adhered to.

scholarly journals Chemical constituents of essential oils of Tephrosia purpurea and Ipomoea carnea and their repellent activity against Odoiporus longicollis

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kitherian Sahayaraj ◽  
Poolpandi Kombiah ◽  
Anand Dikshit ◽  
Martin Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Repellent Activity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Ipomoea Carnea ◽  
Tephrosia Purpurea

Chemical constituents of essential oils (EOs) obtained from stem and root of Tephrosia purpurea (Linn.) Pers. and Ipomoea carnea Jacq. were investigated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Total lipid and oil content was high in the stem than the root of T. purpurea and I. carnea. Essential oils extracted from the stem and root of T. purpurea and I. carnea showed 9 and 8 compounds respectively. Hexadecanoic acid was found to be the principal constituent of stem (69.61%) and root (46.97%) of T. purpurea while 70.61and 88.89% for stem and root, respectively in the case of I. carnea. The findings of the present study suggest that T. purpurea and I. carnea EOs can be used as a source of hexadecanoic acid which could be used for industrial purposes. The essential oils of T. purpurea and I. carnea showed strong repellent activity for males (-0.73 and -0.70 for T. purpurea and I. carnea stem EO respectively) than females (-0.63 and -0.59 for T. purpurea and I. carnea stem EO respectively) against banana pseudostem weevil Odoiporus longicollis. The results indicated that the active compounds of essential oils from stems of T. purpurea and I. carnea can be explored as natural repellents for control of Odoiporus longicollis.

The Reactions of the Desert Locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forsk.), (Orthoptera, Acrididae) to Physical Factors, with special Reference to Relative Humidity

1957 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Enclosed Space ◽  
Very High

Reactions of 3-day-old first- and fourth-instar hoppers of Schistocerca gregaria (Forsk.) of phase gregaria, to three physical factors, namely to relative humidity, temperature and light have been studied in an alternative chamber apparatus designed to give an enclosed space with gradients of humidity. The responses to each factor independent of the others, and to the interactions of these factors, were considered.It was found that both the first- and the fourth-instar hoppers respond strongly to humidity. They are agitated by low, and even more by very high, humidities, but become more quiescent within a zone of 60–70 per cent. R.H., where they spend more time. Within this zone they hop and turn less and this decrease in activity appears to be a response which is independent of both temperature and of light intensity. This zone of decreased agitation has been called “the zone of minimum activity”. However, the speed of walking in contrast to the other types of activity, increased progressively with humidity.Increase in light intensity raises the level of activity at all humidities, i.e., it increases the duration of activity within the limits of experimental time and the speed of walking. With rise in temperature there is an increase in hopping, in klinokinesis and orthokinesis.

scholarly journals Identification of ecdysonoic acid and 20-hydroxyecdysonoic acid isolated from developing eggs of Schistocerca gregaria and pupae of Spodoptera littoralis

1983 ◽  
Vol 213 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
R E Isaac ◽  
N P Milner ◽  
H H Rees
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fast Atom Bombardment ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Desert Locust

Ecdysonoic acid and 20-hydroxyecdysonoic acid have been purified from developing eggs of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, by high performance liquid chromatography (h.p.l.c.), and their structures were determined by p.m.r. spectroscopy and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of the free and methyl ester derivatives. 20-Hydroxyecdysonoic acid was also characterized from Spodoptera littoralis pupae. The occurrence of both 20-hydroxyecdysonoic acid and ecdysonoic acid in Sp. littoralis pupae was also established by h.p.l.c. comparison of the 3H-labelled acids formed from [3H]ecdysone and of their methyl esters with the corresponding substances from Sch. gregaria. The significance of ecdysteroid acids as products of ecdysteroid inactivation is discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document