scholarly journals The prevalence of positive urine cultures in 100 dogs with an inactive urine sediment

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Liebelt ◽  
Armi Pigott
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Current Guideline ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Lower Urinary

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of positive quantitative urine cultures in dogs with an inactive urine sediment. Background: A urinalysis is a useful screening tool for the evaluation of evidence of bacterial cystitis and a quantitative urine culture is used for definitive diagnosis. Evidentiary value: A retrospective chart review from June 2012 to December 2017 at three private practice emergency and specialty referral hospitals examined urine samples obtained from 100 client-owned dogs. Methods: The signalment and clinicopathologic data was recorded for all canine patients that had urine samples obtained by cystocentesis that had an inactive sediment exam on urinalysis and subsequent quantitative urine cultures were performed. Results: The prevalence of positive quantitative urine cultures in all dogs with an inactive urine sediment at the aforementioned institutions was 6% (6/100). Escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated bacteria. Conclusion: Given the low prevalence of positive quantitative urine cultures in dogs with an inactive urine sediment and current guideline recommendations for management of subclinical bacteriuria, we do not recommend urine cultures for dogs without lower urinary tract signs. Further prospective study of patient subgroups, as well as controlled studies evaluating urine sample handling techniques using methods available to private practice practitioners are sorely needed. Application: Emergency and general practicing veterinarians should consider a quantitative urine culture for dogs with lower urinary tract signs, even with an inactive sediment examination, and on a case-by-case basis for dogs with pertinent systemic diseases or known risk factors for bacterial cystitis.  

Dynamics of symptoms of genitourinary menopausal syndrome and the frequency of recurrence of lower urinary tract infection in women in periand postmenopausal patients with combined therapy with Trioginal®

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
D Yu Pushkar ◽  
M Yu Gvozdev
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urination Disorders ◽  
Menopausal Syndrome ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Lower Urinary

Material and methods. The study included patients (n=164) in peri- and postmenopause, having a laboratory-confirmed picture of the genitourinary menopausal syndrome - atrophic vulvovaginitis and suffering from recurrent lower urinary tract infections (UTI) - cystitis and urethritis. All patients underwent standard antibacterial therapy (ABT) UTI in accordance with the results of bacteriological urine culture according to Russian clinical guidelines on urology. Against the background of ABT, 164 patients received additional therapy with Trioginal® (the study group - SG) containing estriol, micronized progesterone and Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus Doderleini 35 (LCR 35) lactobacillus strain. Trioginal® was administered intravaginally in two stages: for 20 days, 2 capsules per day, then for 10 days, 1 capsule per day. In the comparison group - CG (n=67) with ABT, Ovipol Klio® (estriol monopreparation) was additionally intravaginally used in two stages: for 14 days, 1 suppository per day, then for 2 weeks, 1 suppository 2 times a week. The control group consisted of 30 patients receiving only standard ABT UTI, local hormone therapy for vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) was not performed. The observation period was 12 months after the end of the course of therapy. At all stages of treatment, a subjective and objective assessment of the severity of urination disorders and urogenital atrophy (UDI-6 questionnaire), their impact on the quality of life of patients (questionnaire IIQ-7), indicators of bacteriuria, bacterial urine culture and vaginal biocenosis, frequency of undesirable phenomena were carried out. According to the initial characteristics of the group of patients were comparable. Results. At all stages of the study, in the group of patients who received therapy with the use of the Trioginal® drug, there was a significant improvement in the clinical picture of urination disorders compared to the CG and the control (main) group - MG (in SG - 18% at the end of therapy versus 100% before the start of therapy; CG - 26 % versus 100% respectively; Ledger - 58% versus 100% respectively; p

scholarly journals  Stenotrophomonas maltophilia urinary tract infections in three dogs: a case report

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 380-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kralova-Kovarikova ◽  
R. Husnik ◽  
D. Honzak ◽  
P. Kohout ◽  
P. Fictum
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Urinary Tract Disorders ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Lower Urinary

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was isolated from three dogs with lower urinary tract disorders. The bacterium was cultured from bladder wall biopsy specimens obtained during cystoscopy, whereas urine culture was negative in all cases. The culture of biopsy specimens is useful and may help with the therapy even if diagnosis of the primary disease has been made.    

scholarly journals The Impact of Urine Microbiota in Patients With Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiang ying Lee ◽  
Jiunn‐Wei Wang ◽  
Yung-Shun Juan ◽  
Ching-Chia Li ◽  
Chung-Jung Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
And Control ◽  
Lower Urinary

Abstract IntroductionInflammation and infection are causative factors of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Urine is not sterile, and urine microbiota identified by DNA sequencing can play an important role in the development of BPH and can influence the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).Materials and methodsWe collected mid-stream voided urine samples from BPH patients and control participants and stored them in a freezer at -80 °C. All enrolled participants were requested to provide information about their clinical characteristics and complete the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire. Each step of the procedure, including the extraction of the genomic DNA from the urine samples; the amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); PCR product quantification, mixing, and purification; DNA library preparation; and sequencing was performed with quality control (QC) measures. Alpha diversity was indicative of the species complexity within individual urine samples, and beta diversity analysis was used to evaluate the differences among the samples in terms of species complexity. Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed to calculate the relationship between the clinical characteristics of the participants and the microbiota species in the urine samples.ResultsWe enrolled 77 BPH patients and 30 control participants who reported no recent antibiotic usage. Old age, high IPSS and poor quality of life were observed in the participants of the BPH group. No significant differences were observed in the alpha diversity of the samples. In the beta diversity analysis, there was a significant difference between the microbiota in the samples of the BPH and control groups according to ANOSIM statistical analysis. On comparing the groups, the ten bacterial genera present in the samples of the BPH group in descending order of abundance were: Sphingomonas, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Alcaligenes, Prevotella, Ruminococcaceae UCG-014, Escherichia_Shigella, Akkermansia, and Parabacteroides. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that urine samples showing the presence of the bacterial genera Haemophilus, Staphylococcus, Dolosigranulum, Listeria, Phascolarctobacterium, Enhydrobacter, Bacillus, [Ruminococcus]torques, Faecalibacterium, and Finegoldia correlated with a high IPSS, and severe storage and voiding symptoms (P<0.05).ConclusionOur current study shows that dysbiosis of urine microbiota may be related to the development of BPH and the severity of LUTS. Further research targeting specific microbes to identify their role in the development of diseases is necessary and might provide novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic options.

scholarly journals Causes of lower urinary tract disease in Czech cat population

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-441
Author(s):  
Barbora Hřibová ◽  
Václav Ceplecha ◽  
Kristína Řeháková ◽  
Pavel Proks ◽  
Vojtěch Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Lower Urinary

This study was done to investigate epidemiological data and to report causes of lower urinary tract disease in a population of cats presented at the Small Animal Clinic of the University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno. Cats presented with lower urinary tract disease signs that had undergone a thorough physical examination and urinalysis (dipstick, urine specific gravity, urine sediment and dipslide urine culture) were included in the study. Urine samples were collected only by cystocentesis or sterile catheterization. Bloodwork, abdominal ultrasound, and abdominal radiographs were performed in 118 (66%), 170 (96%) and 9 (5%) patients, respectively. Cats that were treated with antibiotics or glucocorticoids during an episode of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) or during the foregoing month and which had undergone perineal urethrostomy or catheterization in private practice, were excluded. The study population consisted of 177 cats. Forty-one (23%) cats were diagnosed with a urethral plug, 26 cats (14%) with a urinary tract infection (UTI), 9 cats (5%) with urolithiasis and 101 cats (57%) with feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC). The cats diagnosed with UTI were significantly older than the cats with FIC, urethral plugs and urolithiasis. Urinary tract infection was diagnosed significantly more often in patients older than 10 years, and in female cats. The diagnosis of urethral plug was made significantly more often in males. Feline idiopathic cystitis and urethral plugs are the most common causes of FLUTD, and the causes are significantly age and sex-related.

scholarly journals Clinical efficacy of marbofloxacin in dogs and cats diagnosed with lower urinary tract disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 6269-2019
Author(s):  
BANU DOKUZEYLÜL ◽  
BARAN ÇELIK ◽  
BELGI DIREN SIĞIRCI ◽  
BEREN BAŞARAN KAHRAMAN ◽  
SINEM ÜLGEN SAKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Urinary Tract Disorders ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Lower Urinary

Marbofloxacin is one of the fluoroquinolones developed exclusively for veterinary medicine. The primary aim of the present study is to identify and assess evidence for marbofloxacin’s clinical efficacy in the treatment of urinary tract infections in small animal practice. The study included 118 dogs and 123 cats that were referred to the Internal Medicine Department with lower urinary tract symptoms. We excluded animals that had received antimicrobial or anti-inflammatory therapy in the previous 15 days. Diagnosis was confirmed by clinical findings, urinalysis, and imaging. Rectal temperature, appetite, urinary signs, and abdominal pain were monitored during two visits (day 0 and 14). The timetable depended on the diagnosis of the following: two urinalyses, two bacterial examinations, and antibacterial susceptibility testing were performed for each case. Bacterial UTI were confirmed in 36 dogs and 28 cats. Urine samples were collected on day 0, which demonstrated the presence of various bacteria, with a marked predominance of P. mirabilis and coagulase-positive Staphylococci in canine and feline urine samples, respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility test results revealed 25 (65.7%) of dog isolates and 24 (85.7%) of cat isolates were susceptible to marbofloxacin. Treatment of UTIs is generally challenging for the small animal practitioner. Because of the need for long-term antimicrobials, bacterial culture and susceptibility tests are especially important for successful treatment. Marbofloxacin can be part of an effective treatment of UTIs in dogs and cats.

scholarly journals Utility of DNA Next-Generation Sequencing and Expanded Quantitative Urine Culture in Diagnosis and Management of Chronic or Persistent Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Gasiorek ◽  
Michael H. Hsieh ◽  
Catherine S. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Urinary Microbiome ◽  
Lower Urinary

ABSTRACT Many patients suffer from chronic, irritative lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The evaluation and management of these patients have proven difficult with the use of standard diagnostic tools, including urinalysis and urine culture. The growing body of literature on the urinary microbiome has looked at the possible implications of the bladder microbiome and dysbiosis, or perturbations in the microbiome, in conditions associated with chronic LUTS. Disorders such as recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and interstitial cystitis have been studied utilizing 16S rRNA rapid next-generation gene sequencing (NGS) and expanded quantitative urine culture (EQUC). In this article, we first present a brief review of the literature describing the current understanding of the urinary microbiome and the features and applications of NGS and EQUC. Next, we discuss the conditions most commonly associated with chronic, persistent LUTS and present the limitations of current diagnostic practices utilized in this patient population. We then review the limited data available surrounding treatment efficacy and clinical outcomes in patients who have been managed based on results provided by these two recently established diagnostic tools (DNA NGS and/or EQUC). Finally, we propose a variety of clinical scenarios in which the use of these two techniques may affect patients’ clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals An Enlarged and Infected Prostatic Utricle as a Rare Cause of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Adolescent Males

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Rashida Shakir ◽  
Michael G. Packer ◽  
Zarine R. Balsara
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Proximal Hypospadias ◽  
Prostatic Utricle ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lower Urinary

Dysuria with lower abdominal pain is a common presentation for a urinary tract infection (UTI), and diagnosis is based on symptoms together with a urinalysis and urine culture suggestive of infection. UTI is uncommon in circumcised males who are not sexually active. When urine culture is negative, alternate diagnoses including, but not limited to, gastroenteritis, severe constipation, appendicitis, or epididymitis need to be considered. In patients with a known urologic history of proximal hypospadias and/or disorders of sexual development, rarer diagnoses also need to be considered. This paper reports the case of a 13-year-old male with a remote history of proximal hypospadias repair, who presented with nonspecific lower urinary tract symptoms. Initially he was treated for UTI. However, urine cultures remained negative despite persistent urinary tract symptoms. On further workup, he was found to have an enlarged and infected prostatic utricle. This report illustrates the importance of considering an enlarged prostatic utricle in the differential diagnoses of patients with chronic lower urinary tract symptoms and a history of hypospadias. Additionally, this case highlights the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in clarifying lower urinary tract anatomy in cases where ultrasound is inconclusive.

Associations between individual lower urinary tract symptoms and bacteriuria in random urine samples in women

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felice Sorrentino ◽  
Rufus Cartwright ◽  
G. Alessandro Digesu ◽  
Louise Tolton ◽  
Larissa Franklin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Lower Urinary

Screening of presumptive urinary tract infections by the automated urine sediment analyser sediMAX

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (s2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Tessari ◽  
Nicoletta Osti ◽  
Marino Scarin
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Indwelling Catheter ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractUrinary tract infections (UTI) are among the most common bacterial infections and urine samples represent a large proportion of the specimens processed in clinical microbiology laboratories, up to 80% of which, however, yield negative results. Automated microscopy is widely used for urine sediment analysis and has recently been evaluated in a few studies for bacteriological screening of urine samples, achieving high levels of performance.We present a study in which urine samples from both inpatients and outpatients, with either clean-catch or indwelling catheter urine samples, were screened for UTI by urine culture, as the reference method, and the automated urine analyser sediMAX, for the detection of bacteria, leukocytes and yeasts.In total, 3443 urine samples were evaluated. When a single algorithm was adopted for sediMAX to screen the total patient population, 96.4% sensitivity, 75.4% specificity, 57.8% positive predictive value, and 98.4% negative predictive value were found. However, for male outpatients and all patients with indwelling catheter other algorithms were necessary to improve performances. Altogether, with sediMAX false negative rate was 2.4% and false positive rate was 27.6%. In addition, 54% of the investigated samples could have avoided urine culture.After the identification of specific algorithms for different patient subgroups, the automated urine analyser sediMAX can be reliably employed in the screening of UTI.

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