scholarly journals Performance Test of Various Teeth Diameter of Cylinder Type Sago Rasping Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Darma Darma
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Time And Energy ◽  
Cylinder Rotation

Traditional method of sago starch extraction was a time and labor intensive process. The most laborious stage is pith disintegration which is done by using hammer-like tools called pounder. However, the use of rasping machine to disintegrate the pith is saving time and energy significantly. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of teeth diameter and cylinder rotation speed on performance of cylinder type sago rasping machine. In the experiment, four variations of teeth diameter i.e. 3mm, 4 mm, 5 mm and 6 mm, and three levels of cylinder rotation speed i.e. 1500 rpm, 2000 rpm and 2500 rpm were examined. Results showed that both teeth diameter and cylinder rotation speed significantly affect the rasping capacity. Likewise teeth diameter also significantly affect on starch percentage and starch losses in waste.  Meanwhile, cylinder rotation speed and the interaction of the two factors have no significant effect on the starch percentage and starch loss in waste. The highest performance was obtained at the condition of teeth diameter 3 mm with cylinder rotation speed of 2500 rpm.  The performance of the machine at the condition were (a) rasping capacity 2282 kg h-1, (b) starch percentage 33.02 %, (wb), (c) starch loss in waste 8.77 %.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Geometri Gerigi dan Kecepatan Putar Terhadap Kinerja Mesin Parut Sagu Tipe Silinder

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Darma Darma ◽  
Reniana Reniana ◽  
Budi Santoso ◽  
Jhonson Waromi
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Starch Yield ◽  
Cylinder Rotation

Sago rasping machine or sago rasper is the most commonly used in sago processing both for small and large scale. It function is to reduce the size or to disintegrate sago pith into smaller particle.  By doing so, the starch contained in the pith can be separated in the subsequent process.  The amount of starch resulted depend on the size of rasped pith.  The smaller the pith is rasped the higher the starch can be extracted.  The purpose of this research was to test the effect of teeth geometrical shape and cylinder rotation speed on performance of sago rasping machine. There are four type of teeth geometrical shape namely cylinder, pyramid, screw, and cube and three levels of cylinder rotation speed they are 1500 rpm, 2000 rpm and 2500 rpm were tested. Results showed that the rasping capacity was affected significantly by the two single factors as well as its interaction of teeth geometrical shape and cylinder rotation speed. Similarly, starch yield and starch losses in waste were significantly affected by teeth geometrical shape.  Meanwhile, starch yield and starch losses in waste were not affected significantly by cylinder rotation speed and the interaction of the two factors. The best performance was resulted at the treatment of teeth geometrical shape of screw with the speed of cylinder rotation 2500 rpm.  The  performances at the treatment were: (a) rasping capacity was 918 kg/h, (b) starch yield was 48%, (wb), (c) starch loss in waste was15.1%.Keywords:  cylinder type, rasping performance, sago rasping machine, teeth geometry 

scholarly journals UJI LAPANG MESIN PENGOLAHAN SAGU PRODUKSI BENGKEL PERMESINAN AGROINDUSTRI UNIVERSITAS PAPUA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Darma Darma ◽  
Reniana Reniana ◽  
Arbianto Arif Moh.
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Field Condition ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Extraction Capacity ◽  
Sago Palm ◽  
West Papua ◽  
Metroxylon Sagu ◽  
Starch Yield

Papua and West Papua Province have the large potential of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu), however, until now the production and utilization is very low compared with its potential. This is because of most farmers in this area still use traditional method in processing sago.  The traditional method is labour intensive and time consuming process.  Sago farmers in this area still apply traditional ways to process sago starch due to the lack of processing machines. The objective of this research was to conduct field testing of sago processing  machine produced by Agroindustry Machinery Workshop of Papua University. The machines that have been tested consist of cylinder type sago rasping machine and stirrer rotary blade sago starch extraction machine. The machine’s performance under field condition was evaluated by measuring parameters (a) rasping capacity, (b) extraction capacity, (c) starch percentage, (d) starch yield and (e) starch loss in waste. Results showed that all parts of the machine are functioning properly and farmers can easily operate the machine.  The performances of the machines under field condition were (a) rasping capacity 1,159. 8 kg/hour, (b) extraction capacity 243.8 kg/hour, (c) starch percentage 38.26 %, (d) starch yield 93 kg/hour   and (e) starch loss in waste 1.03 %.   Keywords: cylinder type, field test, rasping machine, sago processing, starch percentage

scholarly journals Influence of rearing system on growth of bulls in performance test

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Vladan Bogdanovic ◽  
Milan Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Test System ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Origin Group ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Beef Bulls

Data on 643 beef bulls were used in order to analyze influence of rearing system or herd of origin on growth traits (average daily gain and body masses) of beef bulls in performance test (Marchigiana, n= 181, Chianina, n=240, Romagnola, n=222). Several fixed or random effects, such as breed, type of rearing or herd of origin, group, parity and twinning, were included in two statistical models. According to rearing system (in stall, on pasture or mixed) it should be pointed out that several different sources of variation for growth traits evince statistical significance. Also, herd of origin represents very significant source of variation for all included traits. The main difference between those two factors (type of rearing system or herd of origin) is that influence of rearing system decreased during the test, while the effect of herd of origin remained until the end of test. It was concluded that the adequate determination of non-genetic sources of variation referring to the pre-test system of rearing might be of crucial importance for ranking potential sires.

scholarly journals Removal Methods Assessment Through Reduction Algae Count in Uncovered Water Tank

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.20) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Nesrin Jassim Al- Mansori ◽  
Saif Al deen ali klakeel
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
Algae Removal ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
The Cost

The research includes study the effect of three factors (voltage, rotational speed, acidity) with time to remove or reduce the percentage of algae in uncovered water tank; these factors studied combined with each other or individually. the removal percentage of algae increased by increasing the electrical voltage, Best result of removal was obtained when using two factors, change in the voltage (4, 8,12 and 16) vole /cm and speed of rotation (50, 100, 150 and 200) rpm . The rate of removal of algae was 100% at voltage 16 volts with a rotation speed (200) rpm and 40 min.   The values extracted for algae removal showed that the best result was (100%) at (voltage 16 vole/cm and acidity with pH 4) with time 30 min. It can be conclude, the best method to remove or reduction of algae in uncovered tanks was physical one as a compared with the other methods like chemical or biological methods. Therefore, it needs additional requirements unlike physical strategies decrease, the cost and time required to evacuate green growth. 

Preparation of Nano Pd/C Catalyst for Purification of Terephthalic Acid by Sol-Gel Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 662 ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Fa Xin Xiao ◽  
Yan Song Li ◽  
Xin Yang Xu ◽  
Yong Peng Ren ◽  
Xiao Ni Shen
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Terephthalic Acid ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Preparation Technology ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Palladium Particles ◽  
Palladium Content

The traditional method of preparing 0.5 wt.% nano Pd/C catalysts used for pure terephthalic acid(PTA) refining is the precipitate-reduction method, and this paper proposed the sol-gel method, in which the palladium colloid was firstly prepared, and followed by the load process onto the activated carbon. The activity and microstructure of catalysts were investigated by means of SEM, TEM, EDS，XRD and HPLC. It was found that the activity of catalyst with the sol-gel method was much higher than that with precipitate-reduction method. The preparation technology has less effects on the micostructure of Pd/C catalysts, while the palladium particles of catalyst obtained with sol-gel method are much finer and the relatively palladium content is much higher.These two factors contribute to the higher activity of Pd/C catalyst.

Center Track Analysis and Simulation Considering Effect of Vortex and Perturbation of Cutting Fluid on BTA Boring Bar

2014 ◽  
Vol 526 ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
Wu Zhao ◽  
De Jie Chen ◽  
Zhan Qi Hu
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Amplitude ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Vortex Instability ◽  
Boring Bar ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Center Track ◽  
Track Analysis

In order to reveal the motion center track of boring bar during heavy-duty deep-hole boring trepanning processing, a new model is proposed considering both linear item and cubic item to describe nonlinear factors of the bars stiffness. The study mainly investigates two factors: vortex instability caused by outside cutting fluid, and perturbation instability caused by inside cutting fluid of the boring bar. Vibration amplitude of the bar changes with the nonlinear stiffness coefficient while the bar works at the same rotation speed. The results of numerical calculation and simulation are obtained, when the processing parameters match the combinative operation parameters under the different motion status. It shows the bar interaction with external cutting fluid while it is subjected to unbalanced force. These behaviors will induce self-exited vibration of bar, meanwhile the center track will be a closed curve loop. Boring bars vibration is always in a certain vibration amplitude. The maximum vibration amplitude is near the region of ω/2 and 2ω in the x direction.

A new macromolecular oscillation camera at CHESS

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 914-916
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Thiel ◽  
Basil Blank ◽  
Jim LaIuppa
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Size ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fast Rotation ◽  
Two Factors

Increasing X-ray flux and decreasing crystal size are two factors placing new demands on macromolecular diffraction cameras at synchrotrons. A new oscillation camera with high mechanical precision and fast rotation speed is described.

scholarly journals RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PERONTOK LADA MODEL AKSIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
TATANG HIDAYAT ◽  
RISFAHERI RISFAHERI ◽  
NANAN NURDJANNAH
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Optimum Operation ◽  
Medicinal Crops ◽  
Cylinder Rotation

<p><strong>Design of axialflow thresherfor pepper</strong></p><p><strong></strong>The pepper threshing practice has been carried out using traditional method in which the pepper berries are usually trampled. This method is neither efficient nor higienic, and it also causes high losses of the berries. To overcome those problems, an experiment was carried out to make an axial flow thresher. The experiment was conducted at Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops from April to December 1999. The experiment consisted of three steps, namely designing, constructing and testing. The objective of testing was to determine the optimum operation condition of the thresher. The testing was designed as a completely randomized complete design with three replications. The raw material for testing was pepper berries (Lampung Daun Lebar variety) of 8 - 9 month old. The result showed that the optimum condition for threshing process was 300 rpm cylinder rotation, with the spike separation process using 7.5° sieve angle. The performance of pepper thresher on that condition was : threshing eficiency 98.55%, spikes separation eficiency 89.22%, berries on spikes outlet 5.20% and berries damage 6.30%. The capacity of thresher was 260.56 kg raw material/hour. The operational cost was Rp 27.28/kg raw material, lower than that of the traditional threshing method (Rp 50/kg raw material).</p>

Experimental research on cage dynamic characteristics of angular contact ball bearing

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Qingqing Li ◽  
Xiaoyang Chen ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Shijin Chen ◽  
Jiaming Gu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Axial Displacement ◽  
Mass Center ◽  
Angular Contact Ball Bearing ◽  
Controllable Motion

The dynamic performance and life of the precise bearing, even abnormal operation and early failure are affected directly by the complex and unstable motion of the cage. Based on the cage dynamic performance test device with controllable motion of inner and outer rings, respectively, the dynamic characteristics of the cage were studied under different rotating speeds and loads, while inner ring rotated with outer ring fixed and inner–outer rings rotated reversely. Then the trajectory of the cage mass center was drawn through experimental study. The three-dimensional space motions of cage reveal that, when only inner ring rotates, the trajectories of cage mass center are approximately circular under axial load, and the amplitude of the axial displacement raises with the increase of the rotation speeds. With the increase of radial loads, the cage mass center trajectories are shaking from a circle to a small area on the side of the bearing center. When the inner–outer rings rotate in the opposite direction, the rotation speed of the cage is greatly reduced, and the mass center trajectories of the cage oscillate irregularly on side of the bearing center. As the relative rotation speed of rings increases, the axial displacement fluctuation enlarges. With the increase of the radial loads, the axial fluctuation decreases.

scholarly journals Development of Coconut Dehusker Machine for Small Scale Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-319
Author(s):  
Fithra Herdian ◽  
Sri Aulia Novita ◽  
Indra Laksmana ◽  
Mohammad Riza Nurtam ◽  
Rildiwan Rildiwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Small Scale Industry ◽  
Manual Labour ◽  
Human Labour ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Time And Energy

West Sumatra-Indonesia has potential to plant coconut due to the coastal location, sunshine level with average temperature 27oC. Coconut is a very productive plant.  Coconut dehusking is one of the process that takes a lot of time and energy. Most of the farmer still using human manual labour with the help of tools made of iron or wooden crowbar that is mounted standing vertically with the blade facing upward about 80 cm from the ground. To increase the number of coconut products, it is designed the coconut dehusker machine. The main component of the machine were two rollers that rotate each other in opposite directions with each roller embedded iron-shaped nails that work to tear the coconut husk. Each roller has a different rotational speed. This machine has dimensions of 98 cm x 51 cm x 95 cm. Roller length is 50 cm and diameter 4 inches. The power source of the machine is a 2 HP electric motor, the speed was reduced by using 2 speeds reducer with the ratio of 1:20 and 1:30 respectively. From the performance test of this machine can dehusk 100 coconuts per hour.  The operational basic cost of the machine equal to Rp 129.89 per coconut (about 1 cent) and Break Event Point is 12.387 coconut per year from the result of the performance test. From the economic analysis machine can be concluded that the use of this machine is better when compared to human labour which has limitation to duration and capacity.

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