scholarly journals RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PERONTOK LADA MODEL AKSIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
TATANG HIDAYAT ◽  
RISFAHERI RISFAHERI ◽  
NANAN NURDJANNAH
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Optimum Operation ◽  
Medicinal Crops ◽  
Cylinder Rotation

<p><strong>Design of axialflow thresherfor pepper</strong></p><p><strong></strong>The pepper threshing practice has been carried out using traditional method in which the pepper berries are usually trampled. This method is neither efficient nor higienic, and it also causes high losses of the berries. To overcome those problems, an experiment was carried out to make an axial flow thresher. The experiment was conducted at Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops from April to December 1999. The experiment consisted of three steps, namely designing, constructing and testing. The objective of testing was to determine the optimum operation condition of the thresher. The testing was designed as a completely randomized complete design with three replications. The raw material for testing was pepper berries (Lampung Daun Lebar variety) of 8 - 9 month old. The result showed that the optimum condition for threshing process was 300 rpm cylinder rotation, with the spike separation process using 7.5° sieve angle. The performance of pepper thresher on that condition was : threshing eficiency 98.55%, spikes separation eficiency 89.22%, berries on spikes outlet 5.20% and berries damage 6.30%. The capacity of thresher was 260.56 kg raw material/hour. The operational cost was Rp 27.28/kg raw material, lower than that of the traditional threshing method (Rp 50/kg raw material).</p>

scholarly journals PENGARUH DIAMETER PIRINGAN DAN ELASTISITAS KARET PENGUPAS TERHADAP KINERJA ALAT PENGUPAS LADA TIPE PIRINGAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
TATANG HIDAYAT ◽  
RISFAHERI RISFAHERI
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Condition ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Rubber Elasticity ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Main Experiment ◽  
Disc Diameter ◽  
White Pepper ◽  
Good Function ◽  
Medicinal Crops

To produce while pepper using traditional method, the ripe berries are soaked in a river or a pond for 10-14 days prior to decorticating. To improve the traditional method. Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops has designed pepper decorticator to support the white pepper processing. This decorticator has a good function, hut its performance still need to be improved, as it still produces high percentage of white pepper damage. This experiment was aimed to at improving (he performance of the pepper decorticator. The experiment was conducted from July to Ocktobcr 1999 and divided into two steps i.e. preliminary and main experiment. The treatments applied on Ihe main experiment were (I) disc diameter (18, 20, and 22 cm) and (2) rubber elasticity (5.34, 7.74, 9.79, and 15.02 N/mm). The experiment was designed as a completely randomized, arranged factorially in three replications. The pepper variety used for the experiment was Lampung Daun Lebar. The disc distance of pepper decorticator in this experiment was set at 3.5 cm based on the preliminary experiment. Results showed that the optimal disc diameter and nibber elasticity was 20 cm and 7.74 N/mm respectively. Decorticator performance on the optimal condition were : decorticated pepper 97.25%, white pepper damage as pepper defect 2.46% and as broken pepper 1.98% respectively and the capacity of decorticator was 42.27 kg/hours. In general, the quality of while pepper produced met the National Standard of Indonesia.

scholarly journals Catalytic hydrogenation of straight vegetable oil using NiMo/ Al2O3 catalyst for biodiesel production

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 02045
Author(s):  
SD Sumbogo Murti ◽  
J. Prasetyo ◽  
G.W. Murti ◽  
Z. D. Hastuti ◽  
F. M. Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Catalytic Hydrogenation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Straight Vegetable Oil ◽  
Al2o3 Catalyst

The attractiveness of biodiesel as an alternative fuel compared to fossil fuels because it has many advantages such as the availability of abundant raw materials, more environmentally friendly, high combustion efficiency, low sulphur content, high cetane number and biodegradability. Making biodiesel from straight vegetable oil (VGO) has been done through the catalytic hydrogenation process. A VGO of callophylum inophyllum oil was treated via degumming and neutralisation to remove all impurities before hydroprocessing. Hydroprocessing was carried out in a 500ml autoclave at 30 – 50 MPa of initial hydrogen pressure, 300 – 400oC of reaction temperature and equipped with stirrer and cooling system. NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst was activated with CS2 mixture at 370oC prior to the reaction. Some physical and chemical properties of the catalytic hydroprocessing product have been investigated in accordance to ASTM standard. The measurement result of product varies according to the operation condition. The result showed that callophyllum inophyllum oil can be used as raw material for biodiesel production over NiMo/Al2O3. Sulfided NiMo/Al2O3 catalysts are preferred due to high diesel yield.

scholarly journals Sensor‐Based Ore Sorting Technology in Mining—Past, Present and Future

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robben ◽  
Wotruba
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Process Flow Diagram ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Waste Dumps

While the deposit qualities for mineral raw materials are constantly decreasing, the challenges for sustainable raw material processing are increasing. This applies not only to the demand for minimizing the consumption of energy, water, and reagents, but also to the reduction of residual materials, especially fine and difficult-to-landfill materials. Sensor‐based ore sorting can be used as a separation process for coarser grain sizes before the application of fine comminution and separation technologies and is applicable for a large variety of mineral raw materials. Sensor‐based ore sorting applies at various points in the process flow diagram and is suitable for waste elimination, for material diversion into different process lines, for the production of pre‐ and final concentrates, as well as for the reprocessing of coarse‐grained waste dumps and other applications. The article gives an overview of the development and state of the art of sensor‐based ore sorting for mineral raw materials and introduces various applications.

Changes of Two Phase Composition in Phase Separation Process of Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2-TiO2 System

2010 ◽  
Vol 105-106 ◽  
pp. 739-742
Author(s):  
Wen Li Zhang ◽  
Shui Jing Gao ◽  
Jing Fu Wang ◽  
Jian Guo Jin
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Network Adjustment ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Rich Phase ◽  
Phase Separation Temperature ◽  
Phase Separation Process ◽  
Separation Temperature

The titaniferous blast furnace slag was selected as a kind of main raw material in the glass preparation. The glass system was separated phase into boron-rich phase and silicon-rich phase in Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2-TiO2 system, and the changes of the two-phase composition after heat treated at different temperatures were studied. Results indicated that the network adjustment oxide existing in boron-rich phase was only CaO when phase separation temperature was below 750°C, and Na2O concentrated in silicon-rich phase. With the phase separation temperature rising, the distribution of Al2O3 and CaO was almost unchanged, whereas Na2O transferred from the silicon-rich phase to boron-rich phase gradually. In the phase separation process, TiO2 concentrated and crystallized on the phase separation interface.

scholarly journals Method of Extracting Naphthenic Acids From Oil-field Waters

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
F. Shekiliyev ◽  
G. Kalbaliyev ◽  
G. Suleimanov
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Naphthenic Acid ◽  
Naphthenic Acids ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Material Source

The extraction of naphthenic acids from industrial reservoir waters by extraction with kerosene in the presence of iron (III) was studied. The raw material source is Naftalan oil. To obtain desalted Naftalan oil, her is purified by the acid-contact method. It was shown that in order to further purify hydrocarbons from small amounts of resins, and partially from naphthenic acids and to isolate the so-called white Naphthalan oil, the resulting product (desalted Naphthalan oil) is passed through a column filled with adsorbent — activated clay. It was established that optimum condition for quantitative removal of naphthenic acid from water in general alkalinity ~ equals to Fe3+:NA = 3, Vw:Vo=0.008.

scholarly journals Morpho-agronomic characteristics of valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) derived from in-vitro culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Siti Fatimah Syahid ◽  
Hera Nurhayati ◽  
Budi Hartoyo
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Valeriana Officinalis ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Medicinal Crops

Valeriana officinalis belongs to the Valerianaceae family, is a well-known herb and medicinal plant. Plant roots are commonly used as medicine by the pharmaceutical industry. Observation on morpho-agronomic characteristics of valerian propagated in vitro is needed to determine their morphological characteristics and production in the field. The study aimed to observe the morphological characteristics of valerian derived from in vitro culture. The experiment was conducted at the Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Research Institute (ISMCRI) Bogor, arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Each replication consisted of ten individual plants. Valerian plantlets from in vitro culture were acclimatized in the greenhouse and planted in media composed of a mixture of soil, compost, and husk. Afterward, 3 months old valerian was then transferred into a polybag. The plants were harvested at 9 and 12 months after planting (MAP). Valerian plantlets from in vitro propagation were successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse. Furthermore, the morphological characteristics of the plant were similar to the parents. The yield was significantly higher at 12 MAP than 9 MAP. The tissue culture technique was prospective for valerian propagation to support rapid plant material provision for seeds or raw material for the pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals PROSES PEMBUATAN DAN PENGUJIAN BENDA UJI KERAMIK UNTUK BAHAN BAKU ISOLATOR LISTRIK KERAMIK PORSELEN (MANUFACTURING AND TESTING PROCESS OF CERAMIC SPECIMENS FOR RAW MATERIALS OF ELECTRICAL ISOLATOR PORCELAIN CERAMIC)

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Wahyu wahyu Garinas
Keyword(s):  
Test Object ◽  
Test Specimen ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Materials Processing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Composition Materials ◽  
Ball Clay

Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari kegiatan mencari bahan baku untuk pembuatan isolator keramik porselen. Bahan baku untuk pembuatan benda uji keramik sebagian besar menggunakan bahan baku lokal.Proses pengolahan bahan baku pada penelitian ini  : pembuatan komposisi, pengolahan bahan dan pembuatan benda uji.Metode yang akan dilakukan dalam pengolahan ini  yaitu proses pemisahan dengan cara basah dan kering.Untuk mengetahui kualitas kelistrikan dari bahan baku keramik maka dibuat benda uji dan dilakukan uji tegangan tembus listrik.Hasil uji terhadap benda uji ternyata  semua benda uji masih belum memenuhi standar IEC maupun ASTM. Nilai hasil uji terhadap sampel  sekitar   (7,99 - 9,35) kV/mm dan semua sampel  belum memenuhi  standar yang direkomendasikan oleh PLN (9,85 kV/mm). Hasil uji tersebut menunjukkan bahwa sampel no. 5 dan 6 yang mendekati standar dari PLN. Perlu evaluasi terhadap  komposisi , bahan dan proses pembuatan dari benda uji keramik. Kata Kunci : Bahan mentah keramik (kaolin, felspar, ball clay,kuarsa), pengujian  benda uji, pengujian tegangan tembus, kualitas bahan keramik. Abstract This study is part of the looking for raw materials for the manufacture of ceramic porcelain insulators.The raw material for the manufacture of ceramic test specimens mostly using local raw materials.The processing of the raw material in this study: preparing a composition, materials processing and manufacturing of the test object. The method will be done in this processing is the separation process by means of wet and dry.To know the the quality of the electrical ceramic raw materials then created of the test specimen and test the electrical Puncture Voltage.The test results of the test specimen it turns out all specimens still does not meet PLN (IEC and ASTM) standards.Value test results on samples approximately (7.99 to 9.35) kV / mm and all samples do not meet the standards recommended by PLN.The test results showed that the samples no. 5 and 6 are closer to a standard of PLN.Needs to be evaluation of the composition, materials and manufacturing process of ceramic test specimen. Keywords :  raw material ceramic, specimens test, puncture voltage test, ceramic material quality.

scholarly journals Simple Purification of Vetiver Oil by Multiglass Plate System for Quality Improvement

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Evi Yanto ◽  
Egi Agustian ◽  
Anny Sulaswatty
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Glass Plate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Mobile System ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Plate System

Vetiver oil is one of essential oil from Indonesia which no synthetic substitute is available. The drawback of vetiver oil from Indonesia is smoky odor and dark appearance. To increase added value of Indonesian vetiver oil, therefore it is need method with cheap production, simple and easy to operate. Multiglass plate system (MGS) is one method to increase added value of vetiver oil. The aim of this research is to improve the vetiver oil quality in terms of appearance, odor and the physicochemical properties by MGS method and also optimize the operation condition on the vetiver oil yield and total vetiverol contents. The process parameters used on this research are to optimize the flow rate, angular and amount of glass plate. As a result, was obtained the optimum condition in 0.38 ml/sec of flow rate, 3o of glass plate angular and 5 of glass plate to increase 15% of total vetiverol contents, while the yields decreased until 5.6%. Refined vetiver oil by MGS are almost meet fulfill with Indonesia National Standard number 06-2386-2006 except total vetiverol contents and odor. Even though, the total vetiverol content increased and the odor became slightly smoky compare to raw material. Based on the results, MGS method can give higher purification of vetiverol of increase vetiver oil quality with easy to handle, low cost operation and also can moved to anywhere due to portable unit and mobile system.

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