scholarly journals Graduate students’ opinions about entrepreneurship as an employment opportunity

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Josip Juračak ◽  
Marko Tica
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
The Self ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Students Attitudes

One of the most unwanted and unavoidable consequences of the economic recession is the high rate of unemployment. Graduate students in Croatia are faced with lack of employment possibilities, and for some of them the self-employment looks like a good solution. In this paper, we investigate attitudes and intentions of graduate students at the University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture regarding to selfemployment. Most of the surveyed students are in the age between 21 and 25 years, and they have already got some kind of knowledge about entrepreneurship during the formal education. In addition, majority of them have the experience of part-time jobs. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) model was used to find out to which extent students’ attitudes and experience influence their expressed self-employment intentions. The results revealed that Zagreb students’ scores are close but somewhat lower than the same scores found in the comparable study from Australia. This goes for the investigated variables: (1) previous entrepreneurial experience (PEE), perceived desirability of selfemployment (PDSE), perceived entrepreneurial self-efficacy (PESE) and self-employment intentions (SEI). It was found that the score on the PEE is significantly related to scores on the PDSE (p=0.000), and PESE (p=0.000), which means that the experience positively influence respondents’ attitudes on self-employment and self-efficacy. There is also a statistically significant difference in the on the SEI with respect to the PDSE (ANOVA F=9.804, p=0.000): respondents that consider self-employment more desirable expressed higher intention to perform it. The PDSE was found as the most influencing model variable in regards to the self-employment intention. The results points out the importance of previous experience, role models and positive attitudes towards self-employment in the process of the entrepreneurship development in young, educated population.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF SELF-EFFICACY ON SELF- EMPLOYMENT INTENTION OF RECENT GRADUATES IN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-171
Author(s):  
Abimbola Foluso OJAPINWA,
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Self ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Recent Graduates ◽  
The Government

This study investigated the effect of self-efficacy on self-employment intentions of recent graduates. Using the descriptive survey research design, the study population includes National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) members of Ojo Local Government area of Lagos state. A sample of 130 was selected using the purposive sampling technique. The formulated hypotheses were tested using the simple linear regression and the independent sample t-test. The results showed that there was a statistically significant influence of self-efficacy on self-employment intention of Corps members of Ojo local government, Lagos state. A significant regression coefficient was found F (1.128)=29.72, p<.05), with R2 of .19. This presupposes that19.0% of the variance in self-employment intentions is as a result of the self-efficacy of recent graduates. Also, a statistically significant difference in the self-employment intentions were found between male and female corps members (tcal(128) = 2.11 is greater than ttab=1.98, p < .05). The study therefore recommended, amongst others, that institutions and the government should educate and devise a means by which they can increase the level of graduates and students’ self-efficacy which in turn will help shape their intention towards shaping career options after graduation. Similarly, effective entrepreneurship education and training for students and graduates to enhance their efficacy in performing specific tasks and roles of an entrepreneur will go a long way in boosting their self-employment intention and also aids them towards post graduate job creation ability rather than job seekers

scholarly journals Self-Efficacy Levels Regarding Interprofessional Learning Skills Among Undergraduate Healthcare Students in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. e374-379
Author(s):  
Mohd S. Nurumal ◽  
Nurul Q.H. Diyono ◽  
Muhammad K. Che Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Allied Health ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
The Self ◽  
Intersectoral Collaboration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interprofessional Learning ◽  
Healthcare Students ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: Self-efficacy is an important factor in determining the ability of students to execute tasks or skills needed in the implementation of interprofessional learning (IPL). This study aimed to identify levels of self-efficacy with regards to IPL skills among undergraduate healthcare students and to investigate differences according to gender, programme of study and year of study. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between January and March 2018 at the International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia. The Self-Efficacy for Interprofessional Experiential Learning scale was used to evaluate the self-efficacy of 336 students from five faculties including nursing, medicine, dentistry, pharmacy and allied health sciences. Results: Significant differences in self-efficacy scores for the interprofessional interaction subscale were identified according to programme of study, with pharmacy students scoring significantly lower than allied health students (mean score: 54.1 ± 10.4 versus 57.4 ± 10.1; P = 0.014). In addition, there was a significant difference in self-efficacy scores for the interprofessional interaction subscale according to year of study, with first-year students scoring significantly lower compared to fifth-year students (mean score: 52.8 ± 10.4 versus 59.9 ± 11.9; P = 0.018). No statistically significant differences in self-efficacy scores were identified with regards to gender or for the interprofessional team evaluation and feedback subscale. Conclusion: These findings may contribute to the effective implementation of IPL education in healthcare faculties. Acknowledging the influence of self-efficacy on the execution of IPL skills is crucial to ensure healthcare students are able to adequately prepare for future interprofessional collaboration in real clinical settings. Keywords: Self Efficacy; Intersectoral Collaboration; Interdisciplinary Research; Professional Competence; Learning; Undergraduate Medical Education; Malaysia.

Application of 3D Modeling and Fusion Technology of Medical Image Data in Image Teaching

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Yuan ◽  
Xiaomei Chen ◽  
Jian Zhai ◽  
Yadi Chen ◽  
Qingxiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
The Self ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Learning Behavior ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Directed Learning

Abstract Backgroundwe combined anatomy with imaging, transformed the 2D information of various imaging techniques into 3D information, and form the assessment system of real medical imaging cases in order to make up for the deficiencies in the current teaching of the medical imaging technology students. MethodsA total of 460 medical imaging students were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The research group received the teaching of the fusion of the original CT and MR data 3D model and the original image combined with 3D anatomical image. Statistical analysis Academic self-efficacy scale and Self-directed learning ability scale was adopted by self-directed learning evaluation scale between two groups.ResultsCompare the theoretical scores and case analysis scores of the two groups. The scores of the study and control groups were significantly higher than those of the control group.Before the experiment, no significant difference was detected in the self-efficacy of learning ability and learning behavior between the two groups , while after the experiment, these differences between the two groups were statistically significan. Moreover, the learning ability self-efficacy and learning behavior of the two groups of students after the experiment was significantly higher than that before the experiment. The self-efficacy of the learning behavior of the control group was higher after the experiment than that before the experiment, albeit the difference was not statistically significant . ConclusionsThe modern, information-based and humanized experimental teaching mode will be constantly improved under the support of PACS system in order to optimize the medical imaging teaching activities for the development of modern medical education.

Differences in the Process of Self-Employment among Whites, Blacks, and Asians: The Case of Scientists and Engineers

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Tang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Theory ◽  
The Self ◽  
Asian Immigrants ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Structure Approach ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Discrimination Hypothesis ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
White Immigrants

This study examines the process of self-employment among scientists and engineers from 1982 to 1989. I use data from the Surveys of the Natural and Social Scientists and Engineers to investigate the effects of race, nativity, and recency of arrival on the “entry to” and “persistence in” self-employment. The analysis shows that native-born Asians and blacks with paid employment are less likely than comparable native-born whites to enter self-employment, while the opposite is true for post-1965 white immigrants. Among the self-employed, compared to native-born whites, post-1965 white immigrants have a higher tendency to remain in self-employment, and blacks are less likely to persist in self-employment. There is no significant difference between Asian immigrants and native-born whites in the likelihood of entering or staying in self-employment. The results are inconsistent with the opportunity structure approach and the cultural theory, but they provide some support for the “dual” discrimination hypothesis. Alternative interpretations are discussed in light of these findings.

scholarly journals Self-efficacy Sources among General Education Teachers in Inclusive Schools: A Cross-Cultural Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (30) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Mohammad S. Soliman
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
General Education Teachers ◽  
The Self ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Students With Special Needs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Core Study ◽  
Mastery Experience

The inclusion of students with special needs in general education classes has become a goal that all educational systems worldwide strive to achieve it. The inclusion of special needs has many benefits, whether for special needs students or regular students. The current study aims to reveal the differences in the self-efficacy among general education teachers in both the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Arab Republic of Egypt. It aims also to reveal the sources of this self-efficacy in both countries. The core study sample consisted of (96) Saudi teachers and (88) Egyptian teachers. The researcher used the teachers 'self-efficacy scale and the teachers' self-efficacy sources scale. The results of the study indicated that there is a significant difference between the average scores of the total self-efficacy and its sub-dimensions between the Saudi and Egyptian sample for the outperform of The Egyptian teachers. It indicated that the source of the mastery experience was a significant predictive of the self-efficacy of the Saudi teachers, and it explained 53% of the variation in self-efficacy. It also indicated that the mastery experience was a significant predictive of the self-efficacy of the Egyptian teachers, and it explained 13% of the variance in self-efficacy.

scholarly journals Examining the instructors computer self-efficacy perceptions

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Semerci ◽  
Hafize Keser
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Computer Training ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Computer Skills ◽  
The Self ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Perceptions Of Police ◽  
Computer Self Efficacy

In this study, instructors’ computer self-efficacy perceptions are examined in terms of variables such as age, gender, academic status, teaching experience, computer literacy and computer skills. The study is a descriptive one in which relational scanning method has been utilized. The study has been carried out within the framework of the data obtained from 172 police instructors who work in 28 Police Vocational Schools of Higher Education across the country. The data were collected by using a survey and “The Computer Self-efficacy Perception Scale”. A significant difference has been found between the self-efficacy perceptions of the instructors and their computer skills and computer training that they received. In addition to this, it has been seen that there was not any significant difference between self-efficacy perceptions of instructors and age, gender, position status, teaching experience and computer literacy. This is the first study carried out for determining the self-efficacy perceptions of police instructors. The results should be considered during the police trainer development trainings.  Keywords: self-efficacy, self-efficacy perceptions, training, education, police education.

scholarly journals Examining the instructors computer self-efficacy perceptions

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Ali Semerci ◽  
Hafize Keser
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Computer Training ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Computer Skills ◽  
The Self ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Perceptions Of Police ◽  
Computer Self Efficacy

<p>In this study, instructors’ computer self-efficacy perceptions are examined in terms of variables such as age, gender, academic status, teaching experience, computer literacy and computer skills. The study is a descriptive one in which relational scanning method has been utilized. The study has been carried out within the framework of the data obtained from 172 police instructors who work in 28 Police Vocational Schools of Higher Education across the country. The data were collected by using a survey and “The Computer Self-efficacy Perception Scale”. A significant difference has been found between the self-efficacy perceptions of the instructors and their computer skills and computer training that they received. In addition to this, it has been seen that there was not any significant difference between self-efficacy perceptions of instructors and age, gender, position status, teaching experience and computer literacy. This is the first study carried out for determining the self-efficacy perceptions of police instructors. The results should be considered during the police trainer development trainings. </p><p> </p><p>Keywords: self-efficacy, self-efficacy perceptions, training, education, police education.</p><p> </p>

Referents or role models? The self-efficacy and job performance effects of perceiving higher performing peers.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick E. Downes ◽  
Eean R. Crawford ◽  
Scott E. Seibert ◽  
Adam C. Stoverink ◽  
Elizabeth M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Role Models ◽  
The Self ◽  
Performance Effects

Self-efficacy beliefs of students of primary school teaching department regarding mathematics and teaching mathematics

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-753
Author(s):  
Murat Ellez ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Efficacy Beliefs ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Teaching Math ◽  
School Teaching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Students Attitudes

Prospective teachers’ attitudes and beliefs regarding self-efficacy beliefs become the basis of their attitudes in their professional lives, as they affect their students’ attitudes and self-efficacy. The aim of this study is to determine the primary teacher training students’ attitudes towards mathematics and self-efficacy beliefs regarding teaching math and the relationship among them. The “Relational Scanning Model” is used in the study. Data is collected from 290 students who were studying in the Primary Education Department of 9 Eylül University, Buca Faculty of Education. Mathematics Attitude Scale and Self-efficacy Belief Scale towards Teaching Mathematics are used to gather data. SPSS 22 was used for data analyses. T-test used for identifying significance of differences, and the Pearson correlation coefficient by means of different aspects. Results showed no differences by gender in attitudes towards math and self-efficacy beliefs regarding teaching math of the students who completed the survey. However, although Primary Education prospective teachers scores were higher in their attitude points and self–efficacy towards math teaching, a significant difference between pre-school and primary school prospective teachers. Besides, results revealed a relationship between attitude and self-efficacy beliefs regarding math. To further research, it is recommended that the same surveys should be done with different groups and the larger sample sizes

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