scholarly journals A note on the Dutch disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Wim Heijman
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Dutch Disease ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Rich Countries

Many resource rich countries are poor, where many resource poor countries are rich. One of the possible explanations of this paradox called the ‘resource curse’ is the Dutch Disease. This paper aims to analyse this phenomenon with the help of a simple macroeconomic trade model. It presents a number of Dutch Disease Cases of which the ‘Norwegian Case’ provides an example containing an effective policy against the negative impact of Dutch Disease on the national economy. JEL Classification: O11, O24, Q33

scholarly journals Resource Curse: Experience Study on Economic Development of Petroleum Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 02057
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Dutch Disease ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Growth Status ◽  
Oil Resources ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Rich Countries

This paper studies the causes of “resource curse” from the perspective of “national utilization of petroleum resources” and uses the samples of eight typical oil resource-rich countries to study their national economic growth status. Empirical studies show that the resource curse effect of most countries is caused by “Dutch disease". Relying too much on the development of the oil resources industry, with the unreasonable industrial structure, the excessive export of oil resources, and the “extrusion effect” of production factors are the reasons that delay the technological innovation and development of the industry and inhibit the balanced development of other industries.

scholarly journals Natural Resources and Socio-Economic Progress

2014 ◽  
pp. 168-186
Author(s):  
L. M. Kapitsa
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Dutch Disease ◽  
Economic Diversification ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Rich Countries ◽  
Disease Specific

The article reviews international debates on development problems of the resource-based economies. It draws atten tion to causes and mechanisms of the so-called "resource curse" and symptoms of systemic breakdowns and stagnant phenomena in resource-based economies named "Dutch disease". Specific attention is given to the role of national elites and institutions in the emergence of "Dutch disease", preservation of economic backwardness and/or de-industrialization of resource-rich countries. The author also considers new approaches to resolving the problem of'resource-curse", in particular, return to traditional instruments of economic diversification as industrialization and protectionism.

Kazakhstan: Resource Curse or Dutch Disease?

2013 ◽  
pp. 120-141
Author(s):  
T. Aliev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Dutch Disease ◽  
Social Disparities ◽  
Resource Abundance ◽  
Modern Economic Growth ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Resource Wealth

The paper examines the influence of resource wealth on the nature of economic development of Kazakhstan. Despite active economic dynamics in the 2000s, the effect of resource abundance has a negative impact on the quality characteristics of modern economic growth in the country. Kazakhstan is characterized by significant structural, territorial, social disparities, low international competitiveness of many commercial goods (even some commodities).

scholarly journals Paradox of Plenty in Terms of Irkutsk Oblast

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-460
Author(s):  
Elena Bisikalo ◽  
Yulia Kolesnik
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Dutch Disease ◽  
Rentier State ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Regional Product

The article considers a problem of a possible negative impact of the accelerated growth of oil and gas extraction on the socio-economic situation of the resource-producing region. The negative effects are based on the well-known concepts of the resource curse, the Dutch disease and the rentier state which are combined by the term «paradox of plenty». It offers to use models of rent-oriented behavior and patronage in order to analyze the incentives of economic agents. In terms of the shifts in the structure of gross regional product and employment by types at the regional level. It substantiates the significance of monitoring the arising spatial and sectoral distortions when forming the regional strategy of a long-term economic growth. The possibilities of overcoming negative effects are associated with the need of performing a structural industrial policy within the frames of smart specialization and providing incentives for businesses in the traded sector of the regional economy.

Resource Wealth and Political Regimes in Africa

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 816-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Jensen ◽  
Leonard Wantchekon
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Political Regimes ◽  
Resource Abundance ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Resource Wealth ◽  
Rich Countries ◽  
Resource Sector

Political economists point to the levels of economic development, poverty, and income inequality as the most important determinants of political regimes. The authors present empirical evidence suggesting a robust and negative correlation between the presence of a sizable natural resource sector and the level of democracy in Africa. They argue that resource abundance not only is an important determinant of democratic transition but also partially determines the success of democratic consolidation in Africa. The results illuminate the fact that post-Cold War democratic reforms have been successful only in resource-poor countries such as Benin, Mali, and Madagascar. The authors argue that resource-rich countries such as Nigeria and Gabon can become democratic only if they introduce strong mechanisms of vertical and horizontal accountability within the state.

Mechanisms of Resource Curse and Economic Policy

2007 ◽  
pp. 4-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Polterovich ◽  
V. Popov ◽  
A. Tonis
Keyword(s):  
Real Exchange Rates ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Budget Deficits ◽  
Resource Abundance ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Resource Wealth ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rich Countries

This paper compares various mechanisms of resource curse leading to a potentially inefficient use of resources; it is demonstrated that each of these mechanisms is associated with market imperfections and can be "corrected" with appropriate government policies. Empirical evidence seems to suggest that resource abundant countries have on average lower budget deficits and inflation, and higher foreign exchange reserves. Besides, lower domestic fuel prices that are typical for resource rich countries have a positive effect on long-term growth even though they are associated with losses resulting from higher energy consumption. On top of that resource abundance allows to reduce income inequalities. So, on the one hand, resource wealth turns out to be conducive to growth, especially in countries with strong institutions. However, on the other hand, resource abundance leads to corruption of institutions and to overvalued real exchange rates. On balance, there is no solid evidence that resource abundant countries grow more slowly than the others, but there is evidence that they grow more slowly than could have grown with the right policies and institutions.

Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Brief Review

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
Saleem Kamili ◽  
Hisham Qadri
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Antiviral Therapies ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Resource Poor

Hepatitis C, caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) was originally described as parenterally transmitted non-A non-B hepatitis. Since its discovery in 1989, the field of HCV research has become a shining example of successful translation of basic research wherein in a short of span of just 30 years the virus was discovered, highly sensitive and specific diagnostic assays were developed, epidemiology and clinical characteristics of the disease were well defined and now with the availability of highly efficacious antiviral therapies many countries are already on their way to achieving World Health Organization’s (WHO) elimination targets of hepatitis C by 2030.  However, much work needs to be done to eliminate hepatitis C especially in resource poor countries. Most recent data show an estimated 71 million people are currently infected with HCV worldwide and approximately 400,000 people die each year from causes related to HCV. Of these estimates, more than 13 million HCV infected persons are in India and Pakistan (Figure 1). Despite the availability of a cure for hepatitis C, only 20% of those infected patients have been diagnosed (1). In order to achieve the WHO targets of hepatitis C elimination, concerted efforts will have to made to make affordable and reliable diagnostics available worldwide.

Has the Sovereign Wealth Fund of Azerbaijan (SOFAZ) Been Able to Promote Economic Diversification?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Yücesoy
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Dutch Disease ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Economic Diversification ◽  
Sovereign Wealth Funds ◽  
Sovereign Wealth Fund ◽  
Rentier States ◽  
Oil Revenues ◽  
Rich Countries

Oil-rich countries have oftentimes been confronted with the challenge of diversifying their economies away from oil dependence given the exhaustible nature of these fossil fuels. Investing in sovereign wealth funds has been one of the most ubiquitous ways of preparing for the post-oil period. Investing in sovereign wealth funds rather than directly injecting the oil revenues in the economy not only precludes the outbreak of the Dutch Disease (which is known for giving rise to an exchange rate appreciation, crowding out non-oil industries and keeping the economy reliant on oil), but it also saves for future generations. Yet, in the case of Azerbaijan, the Sovereign Wealth Fund of Azerbaijan (SOFAZ), founded in 1999, has only increased this reliance on oil. Using the rentier states theoretical framework, this paper will argue that the direct control over SOFAZ exercised by the president and the lack of consultation with the NGOs have made corruption easier, making the task of economic diversification more difficult. This has been possible because through corruption the president has often resorted to oil money to buy peace rather than invest it in economic diversification. As a result, since the foundation of SOFAZ, the country is more reliant, not less, on oil.   Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v8i1.223  

Popular Resource Sovereignty

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif Wenar
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Popular Sovereignty ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
The People ◽  
Rich Countries

Article 1 of both of the major human rights covenants declares that the people of each country “shall freely dispose of their natural wealth and resources.” This chapter considers what conditions would have to hold for the people of a country to exercise this right—and why public accountability over natural resources is the only realistic solution to the “resource curse,” which makes resource-rich countries more prone to authoritarianism, civil conflict, and large-scale corruption. It also discusses why cosmopolitans, who have often been highly critical of prerogatives of state sovereignty, have good reason to endorse popular sovereignty over natural resources. Those who hope for more cosmopolitan institutions should see strengthening popular resource sovereignty as the most responsible path to achieving their own goals.

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