Assessment of various scenarios for the development of mineral deposits in the region (as exemplified by the Republic of Tuva)

It is shown that Tuva has a sufficiently rich mineral and raw material diversity and the potential for their development. Nevertheless, the development of the republic is hindered by the existence of transport and infrastructure restrictions, to eliminate which, first of all, it is necessary to build a railway along the Kyzyl-Kuragino highway. On the other hand, given the border area of the territory that adjoins western Mongolia, there is a possibility of implementing various scenarios for the construction of railway tracks. The calculations performed to evaluate scenarios for the development of mineral resources of the republic using methods of intersectoral assessment shows that when implementing a pessimistic option for the development of the potential of mineral resources of Tuva (in which the construction of the railway to Tuva is frozen and only deposits of non-ferrous metals and gold are developed), the gross regional product of the republic will grow to 164 billion rubles, which will be 45% of the growth of this indicator in relation to the GRP of 2018. With the implementation of the optimistic option I, (in which it is planned to build a railway along the Kuragino-Kyzyl highway, coal deposits, non-ferrous metals, gold are being developed), the GRP of the republic will grow up to 351 billion rubles. In addition, calculations have been made for the construction of railways that would connect Tuva with Mongolia and China.

PENGARUH DANA DESA DAN PRODUK DOMESTIK REGIONAL BRUTO (PDRB) TERHADAP TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI PROVINSI ACEH

This study aims to see the effect of Village Fund and Gross Domestic Regional Product on poverty in districts / cities in Aceh Province during the 2017-2019 period. To analyze the data, the method used is panel data regression analysis with the estimation of model parameters using a fixed effect model (FEM). The results showed that the village funds variable did not have a significant effect on poverty, this happened because most of the village funds were allocated more to the infrastructure development sector, causing village funds to still not have a direct effect on reducing poverty. The Gross Domestic Regional Product variable has a negative but significant effect on poverty in the District / City of Aceh Province, which means that with an increase in Gross Domestic Regional Product it will significantly affect the reduction of poverty levels in Aceh Province.

The circular economy model as a promising path towards regional ecological and economic balance

The article presents the results of an analysis of the possibilities for the transition of the region’s economy to a circular economic model. According to the aim of this article the main economic activities and tools for making such a transition in Kamchatka Territory have been identified. The principles of the circular economy and its advantages over the traditional “linear” model have been analysed. On the example of the Kamchatka Territory, the preconditions and prospects for the region’s transition to a circular economy model in terms of the existing structure of production of goods and services have been analysed. Using MS Excel tools, the structure of the gross regional product has been analysed, according to the results of which the main economic activities that are promising for the transition to a circular model have been identified. Regional indicators for waste recycling and neutralisation have been analysed, and chain coefficients have been calculated for growth in the share of recycled and neutralised waste for Russia as a whole, for the Far Eastern Federal District and Kamchatka Territory. Based on the results of the calculation, it has been concluded that the coefficient values for the Kamchatka Territory lag behind those for the whole of Russia and the Far Eastern Federal District. A number of financial and economic, technological, legal and informational tools have been identified, the use of which makes it possible to implement the transition to a circular economic model. Fisheries, energy, tourism, recycling and waste management have been identified as the most promising economic activities for such a transition. The findings conclude that it is important to continue research into the various aspects of the transition to a circular economy, as well as continued coordinated efforts are needed to implement it.

Methodological Approaches to Assessing of the Regional Stock Market Development

The paper shows the influence of activity of regional corporations at stock market on the development of regional economy in general. Various scientific approaches to the assessment of the influence of financial markets on overall economic situation were considered in the course of the research. The need for detailed study of functioning of regional securities markets, as well as detailed study of their peculiarities and courses of development was revealed. The methods of analysis of regional results of activities of legal entities at securities market were developed on the basis of tax reporting of issuers and assessment of investment attractiveness of regions. The following tasks were solved: study of the normative base regarding dealings of legal entities at stock market, analysis of investment attractiveness of regions, analysis of indicators of statistical tax reporting, development of the methods of assessment of business activity of organizations at stock market, carrying out the assessment of correlation dependence of the indicators of investment attractiveness of regions and statistical tax reporting with gross regional product of the Siberian Federal District entities. Following the assessment results a conclusion of the dependence of economic development of the region with its investment potential and dynamics of corporate investment activity in the respective territory was drawn. Tax incentive of investment activity of regional companies was marked as significant direction of state policy at securities market.

Climatic Change as a Driver of Economic Development: an Example from Angara–Yenisey Siberia

Climate change and its impact on economic development is an important, but still understudied issue. This paper is aimed to fill in this gap in relation to the Angara–Yenisey macroeconomic region. It contributes to the literature in several dimensions. First, an overview of research on the climate impact on various sectors of the Russian economy is given. Second, we showed the main trends and factors in the dynamics of economic development in Russia over the past 20 years. And at last, the comparison of the average annual temperature and the gross regional product growth rates was conducted for the four regions of the Angara–Yenisey Siberia. It was concluded that there is no sufficient evidence that regional economies are significantly dependent on temperature fluctuations. Nevertheless, there is still space for further research.

Influence of ICT on the Competitiveness of the Trade Sector in Kazakhstan

The theoretical frameworks of economic growth are considered, and key indicators for assessing the economic development of regions are identified. A cluster analysis of Kazakhstan's regions was conducted, according to a set of economic growth factors. Based on the results of the analysis, a classification of the country's regions is proposed. The level of economic development of regions, according to the theory of sustainable economic growth, was estimated using a number of indicators, which include innovation activity, human capital, private capital, public capital, regional accessibility, regional concentration, and gross regional product (GRP) per capita. Thus, with the help of cluster analysis of factors of socio-economic development of Kazakhstan's regions, we were able to structure indicators of their economic growth by the degree of similarity, and identify 8 regional clusters. The results obtained can be used in the formation of economic, social, and financial policy of the state, taking into account regional features of the Republic's development.

Formation of the Economic Federalism Theoretical Model Based on the Dual State Nature

The complexity of the economic aspects of federal relations and the multidimensional nature of management tasks predetermines the need to comprehend the essence of the system of federalism. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to substantiate a model that, on the one hand, considers federalism as the concept of the creation and functioning of the state system and as a way of managing the economy of the federal state on the other. Application of an evolutionary methodological approach allowed the author to divide the fundamental theories of federalism into two groups: the one examines federalism as a power paradigm, focuses on the federal principles of building a state, political and legal status The other examines federalism as a mechanism for coordinating the economic interests of its participants from the position of providing resources for fulfilling the assigned state functions at each level of the federal structure. The first group of fundamental works allows us to single out the essential features of federal relations. The second group of works made it possible to determine the economic principles of the functioning of federalism relations. Based on the highlighted features and principles of economic relations of federalism the article presents the author’s view of the dual subject essence of the state. Firstly, as a carrier of federal relations as a construct that structures and formats the territorial-state structure, as a mechanism of management and organization that sets the formal conditions for the reproduction of the subjects of the federal state based on the possession of power. Secondly, as an actor, one of the participants in the economic cycle of reproduction of the gross regional product based on the resources of the public sector. The proposed binary representation of the state allows us to show not only its creating role in the system of economic federalism, but also includes the goals of the regional economy in the federal system.

Scenario modelling of the impact of the dynamics of public debt on the gross regional product of Russian regions

The subject of this research is public debt and its impact on the dynamics of the gross regional product (GRP) of Russian regions. The aim of the paper is to study and scenario forecast the dynamics of changes in the internal public debt of Russian regions and model its impact on the gross regional product. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that most regions in Russia are forced to increase their internal public debt to cover the budget deficit and attract additional resources to solve important problems of socio-economic development and implement strategic projects and programs. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the development of a methodological approach to modelling and scenario forecasting of the level of GRP of different groups of regions, taking into account the dynamics of changes in their public debt using ARIMA modelling methods and panel regression analysis. The authors apply the methods of panel regression analysis and ARIMA modelling. The authors theoretically substantiated that public debt has a different effect on the GRP of Russian regions, grouped the regions according to the identified trends in the dynamics of public debt (the first group — regions with the dynamics of debt reduction over the period from 2005 to 2019, the second group — with the all-Russian trend of debt reduction since 2017, and the third group — with the dynamics of increasing debt over the period under review); developed a methodological approach to modelling and scenario forecasting of the GRP level of the Russian regions, taking into account the dynamics of changes in their public debt; carried out ARIMA forecasting of the dynamics of the public debt of different groups of regions and built regression models of the influence of the dynamics of the public debt on the GRP of Russian regions within the selected groups; formed forecast scenarios for changes of the GRP level of regions, taking into account the identified dynamics of transformation of their internal public debt. Conclusions: public debt has a negative impact on the dynamics of the GRP of Moscow and the Moscow region and a positive effect on the dynamics of the GRP of the regions of the second and third groups. The findings of the study may be used by the federal and regional executive authorities to find ways to reduce public debt and increase the level of socio-economic development of territories.

ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF ITS POSITIONING

The article summarizes scientific approaches to the economic security of the region in the context of its positioning. The key risks of economic security of the Ukrainian regions have been identified as well as the most important criteria for regions positioning: the gross regional product (GRP) structure, the volume and rates of industrial development, the volume and dynamics of investments; natural resource production and scientific and technical potential; resource efficiency; competitiveness of the region's economy; unemployment rate; the quality of life, the degree of income differentiation, the provision of the population with material benefits and services; energy dependence; integration into the national economy etc. It is noted that the main problem of economic security is to ensure effective management of regional policy, as well as the evaluation of the regions positioning in the context of economic security can be carried out in the main directions: the level of poverty and unemployment in the region; the quality of life of the population; demographic component of the socio-economic security of the region; the ability of the region's economy to sustainably grow; stability of the region's financial system; support of the scientific potential of the region; dependence of the region's economy on imports of the most important types of products; relations of the region with the countries of the European Union. The modern positioning of some security sectors and the consequences of such positioning have been characterized. A system of main indicators has been formed that allows to quantify the level of economic security of the region in the context of its positioning. The methodical approach to evaluating the economic security of a region in the context of its positioning is highlighted. It is noted that despite the goals that are taken into account when positioning the region, the whole process can be structured into the following blocks: organizational and analytical support; methodical and informational support; conceptual software. The article presents the functional components of the mechanism for ensuring the economic security of regions in the context of their positioning. It has been proved that the effective functioning of the mechanism for ensuring the economic security of regions in the context of their positioning requires the effective functioning of all subjects synchronously, which made it possible to formulate a synergistic effect in a formalized form.

Resource-Deficient Regions: The Specificity of State Support

The success of Russia's socio-economic development heavily depends on resource avail abi li ty , resource sufficiency, and resource diversity. Because economic resources (natural, human, capital, information, and material) represent a key barrier to regional social and economic development, the regional federal systems should take into account the effects of regional development drivers. This study aims to assess the level of economic development across economic regions in Russia regarding resource availability and develop state regulation measures to improve regional economic performance. For thi s, a l l regions were divided into groups by their gross regional product estimates. Fac to rs re fl ec ti ng e c onomi c performance were identified through factor analysis, and the cyclical nature of resources av ai la bil it y w a s discussed. The paper offers a resources availability model that allows determining the minimum a moun t o f resources required for a region having a specific level of economic development to a c hi ev e t he ma x imu m economic performance possible inless time. In addition, the paper presents a state regulatory framework for a regional economy that integrates financial support measures, state projects and programs, and me a sure s to modify the regulatory framework and the regulation of human resources. The proposed sta te re g ul ati on framework takes into account the full range of regional resources and makes it possible to choose t h e mo st effective tools with the view to meeting regional development goals