scholarly journals Development Process of Banking Regulations in Turkish Legal System

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yasam Demir ◽  
Sebnem Yalcin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
International Banking ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Banking Regulations ◽  
International Regulations

The regulation of banking sector recently has become one of the discussed issues after the crisis experienced in developed and developing countries. The opinion that the international regulations and standards are not enough for the surveillance and audit of the banks, has began to prevail. In this aspect, the regulations, which every country has done in the scope of internal dynamics, took attention. In this study legal regulations that Turkey, where the negative effects of 2008 crisis are seen relatively less than European countries, has besides having international banking standards are analyzed. The development process of Banking Law is examined in respect to the historical process.

scholarly journals Vietnam

2020 ◽  
pp. 305-326
Author(s):  
Que-Giang Tran-Thi ◽  
Tu-Anh Vu-Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
International Banking ◽  
Financial Policies ◽  
Regulatory Decision ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Private Banks ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
Implementation Costs ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Level

The implementation of international banking standards in Vietnam has been the subject of contestation between reformist and conservative factions within the governing political party. In any given period, the speed of implementation has been affected by which of these factions dominates regulatory decision-making. The adoption and implementation of Basel standards in Vietnam has gone through three distinctive periods: from 1999–2006, the reformist faction pursued international regulations in order to discipline state-owned banks and improve the functioning of the financial sector. From 2006–13, the central bank (SBV) formally adopted Basel II but a domestic banking crisis effectively halted implementation. More recently there has been a return to pro-Basel preferences. However, interventionist financial policies, high implementation costs, the low internationalization level of the banking sector, and the lack of competent technocrats inside both the SBV and domestic private banks have all contributed to a high level of regulatory forbearance.

The Central Banking Operations in Global Economy

2014 ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Ismail Erkan Celik ◽  
Hasan Dinçer ◽  
Ümit Hacıoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Central Banking ◽  
International Banking ◽  
Profit Margins ◽  
Developed Markets ◽  
Banking Regulations ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Oriented Approach

Global economic improvements with new economy concept are starting to get more competitive day by day. The competitive transformation that comes as a result of active using the information in real sector markets has started to show itself in finance sector. Decreasing profit margins, customer-oriented approach to service, international banking regulations and activities, put the banking sector in an important actor in a highly competitive environment. Central bank strategies and the regulation activities on market in developed countries is said to be one of the important parameters for the banks’ current activities in financial markets. In this context, this work presents the operations and basic historical process of the Central Banking in Developed Markets for banks that are global actors.

The Role of Mobile Money in Moderating Financial Exclusion: A Tanzanian Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deogratius Joseph Mhella
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Mobile Money ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Financial Exclusion

Prior to the advent of mobile money, the banking sector in most of the developing countries excluded certain segments of the population. The excluded populations were deemed as a risk to the banking sector. The banking sector did not work with cash stripped and the financially disenfranchised people. Financial exclusion persisted to incredibly higher levels. Those excluded did not have: bank accounts, savings in financial institutions, access to credit, loan and insurance services. The advent of mobile money moderated the very factors of financial exclusion that the banks failed to resolve. This paper explains how mobile money moderates the factors of financial exclusion that the banks and microfinance institutions have always failed to moderate. The paper seeks to answer the following research question: 'How has mobile money moderated the factors of financial exclusion that other financial institutions failed to resolve between 1960 and 2008? Tanzania has been chosen as a case study to show how mobile has succeeded in moderating financial exclusion in the period after 2008.

Seed Governance at the Intersection of Multiple Global and Nation-State Priorities: Modernizing Seeds in Turkey

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurcan Atalan-Helicke ◽  
Becky Mansfield
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Global Perspectives ◽  
Convergence Results ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
Agriculture Development

Given their value for both agriculture and biodiversity, seeds are the target of controversial efforts to establish intellectual property rights and variety protections that regulate sale, exchange, and breeding of genetic resources. This article examines seed governance in Turkey, a country in which many farmers continue to rely on “traditional” wheat varieties. It analyzes the tensions and ambiguities in seed governance that arise at the intersection of Turkey's goals of development and diverse priorities imposed by international frameworks. Seed governance is the product of an open-ended process of strategic elaboration among constituencies involved in trade, agriculture, development, and conservation. Although contradictions among international regulations present an array of choices, many countries including Turkey adopt laws that favor commercialization and privatization. This convergence results not simply from imposition of regulation from above, but also from developing countries' adoption of dominant global perspectives on the “modern” seed and agricultural progress.

Prospects for Cultural Heritage Promotion Within the Creative Economy Framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
Indrasen Vencatachellum
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Negative Effects

This article uses the recent concept of ‘creative economy’ to argue in favour of a dynamic and holistic approach to the promotion of the cultural heritage. This implies namely that the heritage is viewed in both its material and intangible forms and as a driver of sustainable development. After an overview of the diverse interpretations, at natioanl, regional and international levels, of the creative economy, the author illustrates how the cultural heritage can benefit from the growing importance given to unlilited, renewable resources for the development of individuals and communities, especially in the developing countries. The article contains, however, words of caution on the negative effects of the creative economy and submits that these can be overcomed by extending the sphere of the cultural heritage to all areas of developement.

Macroeconomics of money laundering: effects and measurements

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nella Hendriyetty ◽  
Bhajan S. Grewal
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Illicit Flows

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review studies focusing on the magnitude of money laundering and their effects on a country’s economy. The relevant concepts are identified on the basis of discussions in the literature by prominent scholars and policy makers. There are three main objectives in this review: first, to discuss the effects of money laundering on a country’s macro-economy; second, to seek measurements from other scholars; and finally, to seek previous findings about the magnitude and the flows of money laundering. Design/methodology/approach In the first part, this paper outlines the effects of money laundering on macroeconomic conditions of a country, and then the second part reviews the literature that measures the magnitude of money laundering from an economic perspective. Findings Money laundering affects a country’s economy by increasing shadow economy and criminal activities, illicit flows and impeding tax collection. To minimise these negative effects, it is necessary to quantify the magnitude of money laundering relative to economic conditions to identify the most vulnerable aspects of money laundering in a country. Two approaches are used in this study: the first is the capital flight approach, as money laundering will cause flows of money between countries; the second is the economic approach for measuring money laundering through economic variables (e.g. tax revenue, underground economy and income generated by criminals) separately from tax evasion. Originality/value The paper offers new insights for the measurement of money laundering, especially for developing countries. Most methods in quantifying money laundering have focused on developed countries, which are less applicable to developing countries.

China’s dirty laundry – international organizations posing a risk to China’s AML systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ahmad Naheem
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Due Diligence ◽  
International Banking ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Money ◽  
Customer Due Diligence ◽  
Chinese Banking

PurposeThis paper aims to review some of the current challenges that international money laundering schemes are posing in the Chinese banking sector. Anti-money laundering (AML) systems in China are relatively new, and customer due diligence checks and other AML systems are underdeveloped in some areas.Design/methodology/approachThe paper considers a particular case example of a multi-company organization that has known links to China. This company has been the target of both European and US investigations for suspected embezzlement and money laundering, and yet is still in operation.FindingsThe paper considers the complexities of this organization and how a seemly innocent link to a used clothing charity can fund an international organization spanning several countries. The paper offers a list of basic indicators of risk that could be applied to a risk-based system used within the Chinese banking context by using this group as an example.Originality/valueThe paper uses empirical and academic studies from other authors working in this region and supports many of the findings of the need to develop stronger risk-based, as opposed to rules-based, systems for managing AML risk assessment. Previous work by the author and suggestions from other authors are both used to suggest a basic framework for AML risk assessment. The paper concludes by reiterating the fact that China, like all other countries, is now operating in an international banking context, in much the same way that international organized crime is also operating at a global level.

scholarly journals Chilean Public Policies and their Impact on Biotechnology Small and Medium Enterprises

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-237
Author(s):  
Isabel Edith Torres Zapata ◽  
Omar Vargas Orellana
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Biotechnology Sector

It is difficult to find cases of technology-based Small and Medium Enterprises in developing countries, however Chile has some within the biotechnology sector. How has this been possible? As a consequence of the different public policies and structural economic conditions that allowed their emergence, especially in the 1990s. This study describes the historical conditions and how they have been able to create a sector within the Chilean economy. From the analysis of secondary data the emergence of this type of company within the country is described. This analysis shows the link between structural conditions and appropriate public policies, meaning that these companies did not emerge by chance. Understanding their development process is crucial to promote the creation of more such technology-based Small and Medium Enterprises, as they have many positive externalities and are more globally competitive.

scholarly journals COMPETITION OF TRANSNATIONAL BANKS: MAIN TRENDS AND WAYS OF DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
Надежда Константиновна Савельева ◽  
Татьяна Алексеевна Тимкина
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
International Banking ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The World ◽  
Financial Transactions ◽  
Level Analysis

Статья посвящена проблемам сохранения конкурентных преимуществ коммерческих банков для осуществления финансовых операций на трансграничных рынках. Целью исследования является анализ основных тенденций развития деятельности транснациональных банков в условиях глобализации. Объектом исследования являются мировые лидеры международной банковской сферы. Научная новизна заключается в разработке основных направлений развития банковской системы на международном уровне, результатах анализа опыта лидирующих транснациональных банковских компаний в условиях пандемии The article is devoted to the problems of maintaining the competitive advantages of commercial banks for the implementation of financial transactions in cross-border markets. The aim of the study is to analyze the main trends in the development of the work of transnational banks in the context of globalization. The object of research is the world leaders of the international banking sector. In the process of research, the authors have analyzed theoretical and practical material used in general methods of scientific knowledge and statistical research. Scientific novelty lies in the development of the main directions for the development of the banking system at the international level, analysis of the experience of leading transnational banking companies in the context of a pandemic.

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