scholarly journals Adventitious root formation in branch cuttings of Taxus wallichiana Zucc.(Himalayan yew): A clonal approach to conserve the scarce resource

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Aslam ◽  
Parvaiz A. Raina ◽  
Rouf Ur Rafiq ◽  
T.O. Siddiqi ◽  
Zafar A. Reshi
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Himalayan Yew ◽  
Taxus Wallichiana

Himalayan yew (<em>Taxus wallichiana</em> Zucc.), is an economically valuable plant and critically endangered due to overexploitation for the isolation of Taxol,an exciting anticancer drug from its bark and leaves. Since the species is unisexual and due to its long seed dormancy period and rapid loss of viability coupled with low survival percentage, its natural regeneration from seeds is very poor. As the seed raised plants add little growth, propagation by stem cuttings was tried under natural conditions and a considerable success was achieved after making use of different auxins (Indole-3- Acetic Acid-IAA, Indole Butyric Acid-IBA and Naphthalene Acetic Acid-NAA) in different concentrations. A Randomized block design (RBD) was adopted for laying the experiment of the present study. Of the ten treatments studied, IBA at 500ppm performed best of all the treatments and registered higher callusing percentage, rooting percentage, number of roots and length of roots in the juvenile shoot cuttings of the species. The results achieved through the application ofplant growth regulators (PGRs)by way of adventitious root formation (ARF) could be useful for the management of this understory coniferous tree species, whether for conservation, habitat restoration or for the production of Taxol,a promising anti-cancer agent. The technique evolved will be the most handy, quickest, inexpensive and can be applied any where in its natural habitat for the restoration and restocking of this valuable plant, which is otherwise facing the peril of extinction throughout the range of its distribution including Indian Himalayas.

scholarly journals Growth Response of Two Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Stem Cuttings on Application of IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) and NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Rizky Wulandari ◽  
Yaya Hasanah ◽  
Meiriani Meiriani
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Primary Branch ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Secondary Branch ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Significant Difference

Using fruit branch for pepper shrub propagation is one of alternatives for an efficient pepper multiplication which usually uses underlayer cuttings. This research is aimed at finding the growth response of two pepper (Piper nigrum L.) cuttings to the administration of IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) and NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid). This research was conducted at the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan (± 32 m above sea level), from April to August 2017 using a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors, pepper branch cuttings (primary branch cuttings and secondary branch cuttings) and the administration of IBA and NAA (0+0 ppm, 2500+0 ppm, 0+2500 ppm, 1500+1000 ppm, and 1000+1500 ppm). The results show that the emerging shoot rate in the secondary branch cuttings was significantly faster than in the primary branch cuttings, but the volume of root in the primary branch cuttings is significantly larger than in the secondary branch cuttings. There was no significant difference in the administration of IBA and NAA on all observed variables. The highest interaction of shoot length was found in the  primary branch cuttings with the administration of  IBA 1500 ppm + NAA 1000 ppm and the highest percentage of root and root volume was found in the primary branch cuttings with the administration of IBA 2500 ppm + NAA 0 ppm.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic profiling and discovery of key genes involved in adventitious root formation from green cuttings of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haishan An ◽  
Jiaying Zhang ◽  
Fangjie Xu ◽  
Shuang Jiang ◽  
Xueying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Root Primordium

Abstract Background: Propagation of cuttings is frequently used in various plant species, including blueberry, which shows special root characteristics that may hinder adventitious root (AR) formation. AR formation is influenced by various factors, and auxin is considered to play a central role; however, little is known of the related regulatory mechanisms. In this study, a comparative transcriptome analysis of green cuttings treated with or without indole-butyric acid (IBA) was performed via RNA_seq to identify candidate genes associated with IBA-induced AR formation.Results: Rooting phenotypes, especially the rooting rate, were significantly promoted by exogenous auxin in the IBA application. Blueberry AR formation was an auxin-induced process, during which adventitious root primordium initiation (rpi) began at 14 days after cutting (DAC), root primordium (rp) was developed at 21 DAC, mature AR was observed at 28 DAC and finally outgrowth from the stem occurred at 35 DAC. Higher IAA levels and lower ABA and zeatin contents might facilitate AR formation and development. A time series transcriptome analysis identified 14970 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during AR formation, of which there were 7467 upregulated and 7503 downregulated genes. Of these, approximately 35 candidate DEGs involved in the auxin-induced pathway and AR formation were further identified, including 10 auxin respective genes (ARFs and SAURs), 13 transcription factors (LOB domain-containing protein (LBDs)), 6 auxin transporters (AUX22, LAX3/5 and PIN-like 6 (PIL6s)) and 6 rooting-associated genes (root meristem growth factor 9 (RGF9), lateral root primordium 1 (LRP1s), and dormancy-associated protein homologue 3 (DRMH3)). All these identified DEGs were highly upregulated in certain stages during AR formation, indicating their potential roles in blueberry AR formation.Conclusions: The transcriptome profiling results indicated candidate genes or major regulatory factors that influence adventitious root formation in blueberry and provided a comprehensive understanding of the rooting mechanism underlying the auxin-induced AR formation from blueberry green cuttings.

Silicon induces adventitious root formation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under arsenate stress with the involvement of nitric oxide and indole-3-acetic acid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durgesh Kumar Tripathi ◽  
Padmaja Rai ◽  
Gea Guerriero ◽  
Shivesh Sharma ◽  
Francisco J Corpas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Arsenate Stress ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Abstract Arsenic (As) negatively affects plant development. Using rice as a model, this study evaluates how the application of silicon (10 µM Si) can favour the formation of adventitious roots under arsenate stress (50 µM As V) as a mechanism to mitigate its negative effects. Indeed, the simultaneous application of As V and Si up-regulated the expression of genes involved in nitric oxide (NO) metabolism (OsNOA1), cell cycle progression (G2-M, OsCDKA1), auxin (IAA, indole-3-acetic acid) biosynthesis (OsYUCCA1 and OsTAA1) and transport (OsPIN1, OsPIN5 and OsPIN10) and Si uptake (OsLsi1 and OsLsi2), which accompanied adventitious root formation. Furthermore, Si triggered the expression and activity of MDHAR and DHAR involved in ascorbate recycling. The treatment with L-NAME, an inhibitor of NO generation, significantly suppressed adventitious root formation, even in the presence of Si; however, supplying NO in the growth media rescued its effects. The data obtained suggest that both NO and IAA are essential for Si-mediated adventitious root formation under As V stress. Interestingly, TIBA (a polar auxin transport inhibitor) suppressed adventitious root formation, even in the presence of Si and SNP (an NO donor), suggesting that Si is involved in a mechanism whereby a cellular signal is triggered and requires NO formation first and, then, IAA.

Stimulation of adventitious rooting in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) by low pH: possible role of auxin

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1645-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Hao Liu ◽  
Ilabanta Mukherjee ◽  
David M. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Acid Transport ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Adventitious root formation by the hypocotyl cuttings of sunflower seedlings was greatly affected by the pH of buffered and unbuffered solutions bathing their basal portion. Exposure to low pH for 5 h after original root excision promoted root formation. Reduction of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid movement from the cotyledons and shoot apex was achieved by using N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (an inhibitor of indole-3-acetic acid transport) and by removal of the cotyledons and shoot apex. Both the inhibitor and organ removal inhibited adventitious root formation, but acidic conditions could, to varying degrees, overcome this inhibition. Acidic conditions also increased the rate of [3H]indole-3-acetic acid uptake from the solutions around the hypocotyl bases and the rate of [3H]indole-3-acetic acid movement from cotyledons to the hypocotyl bases. Thus, acidic conditions may stimulate rooting by increasing the rate of basipetal indole-3-acetic acid transport to the zone of root initiation. These experiments show that in studies of the effects of various substances on rooting, the experimenter must be aware of these pH effects and take appropriate precautions. Key words: adventitious roots, auxin, indole-3-acetic acid, Helianthus annuus, pH.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) DAN KONSENTRASI NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN PENYETEKAN SIRIH MERAH (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desi Maulida ◽  
Rugayah Rugayah ◽  
Tri Dewi Andalasari
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Given

The research was conducted at the cutting red bettle (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav.) to determined the effect of (1) the difference growth of cuttings of red bettle which are given IBA and without IBA, (2) the concentration of NAA on growth of cutting red bettle, (3) the concentration of NAA on growth of cutting red bettle on each given IBA. The treatment was arranged in factorial (2 x 4) in randomized block design with three replication. The first factor were without IBA (A) and the given of 1000 ppm IBA (A1). The second factor were the concentration of NAA consists of: 0 ppm (B), 1000 ppm (B1), 2000 ppm (B2), and 4000 ppm (B). The results showed that the NAA concentration of 4000 ppm produced the most number of roots on either at the node or at the base of cutting. Planting cutting red bettle which given IBA 1000 ppm was able to accelerated the time leaves open and increased the number of cutting which germinate. The mixtured of giving IBA 1000 ppm and the concentration of NAA 4000 ppm, produced the most number of cutting that germinated.

scholarly journals Effect of Hormones (IBA & IAA) on the Propagation of Himalayan Yew in Pakistan: A Conservation Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javaid Iqbal ◽  
Bushra Khan ◽  
Sardar Khan ◽  
Nasreen Ghaffar ◽  
Ishaq Ahmad Mian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Himalayan Yew ◽  
Taxus Wallichiana

Abstract Background Himalayan yew (Taxus wallichiana) is one of the endangered medicinal plants species having great importance due to the presence of anticancer drug Taxol. This metabolite is mainly used for the treatment of ovarian, breast, AIDS-related cancers, and other indications. The study being reported here was conducted for the propagation of Himalayan yew by using two different trials of Indole Butyric acid (IBA) and Indole acetic acid (IAA) hormones treatments (2000–7000 ppm) through stem cuttings (140 each). In the same way, 3840 cuttings were treated with IBA and IAA from November 2016 to November 2017 at Lalku valley, Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. Results The influence of IBA treatment (7000 ppm) showed a survival of 85.22% (average number of roots = 10.4, average length of roots = 15.5 cm, average number of leaves = 92.4 and average number of sprouts = 3.3) while that of IAA treatment (7000 ppm) the survival of 81.11% (average number of roots = 9.1, average length of roots = 14.6 cm, average number of leaves = 84.0 and average number of sprout = 3.0) were more significant followed by 2000–6000 ppm (IBA and IAA). Lowest survival 40–45% (average number of roots = 4.2, average length of roots = 8.0 cm, average number of leaves = 32.2, average number of sprouts = 1.7) was noticed for controlled cuttings. Conclusion The present study enhanced the potential of conservation and propagation of T. wallichiana. Hence our study suggests and recommends the application of IBA (7000 ppm) as a better hormone for the conservation and propagation of Himalayan yew.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic profiling and discovery of key genes involved in adventitious root formation from green cuttings of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haishan An ◽  
Jiaying Zhang ◽  
Fangjie Xu ◽  
Shuang Jiang ◽  
Xueying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Root Primordium

Abstract Background: Propagation of cuttings is frequently used in various plant species, including blueberry, which shows special root characteristics that may hinder adventitious root (AR) formation. AR formation is influenced by various factors, and auxin is considered to play a central role; however, little is known of the related regulatory mechanisms. In this study, a comparative transcriptome analysis of green cuttings treated with or without indole-butyric acid (IBA) was performed via RNA_seq to identify candidate genes associated with IBA-induced AR formation. Results: Rooting phenotypes, especially the rooting rate, were significantly promoted by exogenous auxin in the IBA application. Blueberry AR formation was an auxin-induced process, during which adventitious root primordium initiation (rpi) began at 14 days after cutting (DAC), root primordium (rp) was developed at 21 DAC, mature AR was observed at 28 DAC and finally outgrowth from the stem occurred at 35 DAC. Higher IAA levels and lower ABA and zeatin contents might facilitate AR formation and development. A time series transcriptome analysis identified 14970 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during AR formation, of which there were 7467 upregulated and 7503 downregulated genes. Of these, approximately 35 candidate DEGs involved in the auxin-induced pathway and AR formation were further identified, including 10 auxin respective genes ( ARFs and SAURs ), 13 transcription factors ( LOB domain-containing protein ( LBD s)), 6 auxin transporters ( AUX22 , LAX3/5 and PIN-like 6 ( PIL6s )) and 6 rooting-associated genes ( root meristem growth factor 9 ( RGF9 ), lateral root primordium 1 ( LRP1s ), and dormancy-associated protein homologue 3 ( DRMH3 )). All these identified DEGs were highly upregulated in certain stages during AR formation, indicating their potential roles in blueberry AR formation. Conclusions: The transcriptome profiling results indicated candidate genes or major regulatory factors that influence adventitious root formation in blueberry and provided a comprehensive understanding of the rooting mechanism underlying the auxin-induced AR formation from blueberry green cuttings.

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