scholarly journals Tiques et hémoparasitoses du bétail au Sénégal. V. La zone Nord-guinéenne

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-561
Author(s):  
A. Gueye ◽  
M. Mbengue ◽  
A. Diouf ◽  
M.L. Sonko
Keyword(s):  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Trypanosoma Congolense ◽  
Amblyomma Variegatum ◽  
Trypanosoma Vivax ◽  
Dynamique Des Populations ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
Hyalomma Truncatum ◽  
Variations Saisonnières

Les auteurs rapportent les résultats d'une étude sur les tiques et les hémoparasitoses des bovins, des ovins et des caprins de la zone nord-guinéenne. Un détiquage systématique de 40 bovins, 40 moutons et 40 chèvres est effectué pendant 15 mois dans le but de déterminer la dynamique des populations et de préciser les sites préférentiels de fixation des différentes espèces suivantes récoltées sur ces animaux : Amblyomma variegatum, Boophilus geigyi, Hyalomma truncatum, H. marginatum rufipes, Rhipicephalus sulcatus, Rh. senegalensis, Rh. lunulatus. Des études sont menées simultanément sur les hémoparasitoses par réalisation de frottis de sang et de splénectomies. Chez les bovins, sont mis en évidence : Anaplasma marginale, Ehrlichia bovis, Trypanosoma vivax, Theileria mutans, Theileria velifera. Les infections décelées chez les petits ruminants sont occasionnées par Anaplasma ovis, Ehrlichia ovina, Trypanosoma congolense, Theileria ovis. Les valeurs de l'hématocrite d'animaux apparemment sains sont étudiées, de même que les variations saisonnières de ce paramètre hématologique.

scholarly journals Tiques et hémoparasitoses du bétail au Sénégal. VI. La zone soudano-sahélienne

1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
A. Gueye ◽  
M. Mbengue ◽  
A. Diouf
Keyword(s):  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Amblyomma Variegatum ◽  
Dynamique Des Populations ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
Hyalomma Truncatum ◽  
Boophilus Decoloratus ◽  
Rhipicephalus Evertsi Evertsi ◽  
Variations Saisonnières

Les auteurs rapportent les résultats d'une étude sur les tiques et les hémoparasitoses des bovins, ovins et caprins de la zone soudano-sahélienne. Un détiquage systématique de 40 bovins, 40 ovins et 40 caprins est effectué pendant 15 mois dans le but de déterminer la dynamique des populations et de préciser les sites préférentiels de fixation des différentes espèces. Chez ces ruminants, les espèces suivantes sont récoltées : Hyalomma truncatum, H. marginatum rufipes, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, Rh. guilhoni, Amblyomma variegatum, Boophilus decoloratus. Parallèlement, des études sont menées sur les hémoparasitoses par réalisation de frottis de sang et de splénectomies. Chez les bovins, sont mis en évidence : Anaplasma marginale, Ehrlichia bovis, Theileria mutans. Les infections décelées chez les ovins et les caprins sont occasionnées par Anaplasma ovis, Ehrlichia ovina et Theileria ovis. Les valeurs de l'hématocrite d'animaux adultes apparemment sains sont étudiées, de même que les variations saisonnières de ce paramètre hématologique.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences ofAnaplasma phagocytophilum,A. marginale, andA. ovisIsolates from Different Hosts

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Diaz-Sanchez ◽  
Angélica Hernández-Jarguín ◽  
Isabel G. Fernández de Mera ◽  
Pilar Alberdi ◽  
Erich Zweygarth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
First Report

ABSTRACTHere, we report the draft genome sequences of isolates ofAnaplasma phagocytophilum,Anaplasma marginale, andAnaplasma ovis. The genomes ofA. phagocytophilum(human),A. marginale(cattle), andA. ovis(goat) isolates from the United States were sequenced and characterized. This is the first report of anA. ovisgenome sequence.

scholarly journals Differential Expression and Sequence Conservation of the Anaplasma marginale msp2 Gene Superfamily Outer Membrane Proteins

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 3471-3479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Noh ◽  
Kelly A. Brayton ◽  
Donald P. Knowles ◽  
Joseph T. Agnes ◽  
Michael J. Dark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
Sequence Comparisons

ABSTRACT Bacterial pathogens in the genera Anaplasma and Ehrlichia encode a protein superfamily, pfam01617, which includes the predominant outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of each species, major surface protein 2 (MSP2) and MSP3 of Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma ovis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum MSP2 (p44), Ehrlichia chaffeensis p28-OMP, Ehrlichia canis p30, and Ehrlichia ruminantium MAP1, and has been shown to be involved in both antigenic variation within the mammalian host and differential expression between the mammalian and arthropod hosts. Recently, complete sequencing of the A. marginale genome has identified an expanded set of genes, designated omp1-14, encoding new members of this superfamily. Transcriptional analysis indicated that, with the exception of the three smallest open reading frames, omp2, omp3, and omp6, these superfamily genes are transcribed in A. marginale-infected erythrocytes, tick midgut and salivary glands, and the IDE8 tick cell line. OMPs 1, 4, 7 to 9, and 11 were confirmed to be expressed as proteins by A. marginale within infected erythrocytes, with expression being either markedly lower (OMPs 1, 4, and 7 to 9) or absent (OMP11) in infected tick cells, which reflected regulation at the transcript level. Although the pfam01617 superfamily includes the antigenically variable MSP2 and MSP3 surface proteins, analysis of the omp1-14 sequences throughout a cycle of acute and persistent infection in the mammalian host and tick transmission reveals a high degree of conservation, an observation supported by sequence comparisons between the St. Maries strain and Florida strain genomes.

scholarly journals Infection of Tick Cells and Bovine Erythrocytes with One Genotype of the Intracellular Ehrlichia Anaplasma marginale Excludes Infection with Other Genotypes

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 658-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
José de la Fuente ◽  
Jose C. Garcia-Garcia ◽  
Edmour F. Blouin ◽  
Jeremiah T. Saliki ◽  
Katherine M. Kocan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tick Cell ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
Major Surface ◽  
Bovine Erythrocytes

ABSTRACT Anaplasma marginale, a tick-borne rickettsial pathogen of cattle, is endemic in several areas of the United States. Many geographic isolates of A. marginale that occur in the United States are characterized by the major surface protein 1a, which varies in sequence and molecular weight due to different numbers of tandem repeats of 28 or 29 amino acids. Recent studies (G. H. Palmer, F. R. Rurangirwa, and T. F. McElwain, J. Clin. Microbiol. 39:631-635, 2001) of an A. marginale-infected herd of cattle in an area of endemicity demonstrated that multiple msp1α genotypes were present but that only one genotype was found per individual bovine. These findings suggested that infection of cattle with other genotypes was excluded. The present study was undertaken to confirm the phenomenon of infection exclusion of A. marginale genotypes in infected bovine erythrocytes and cultured tick cells. Two tick-transmissible isolates of A. marginale, one from Virginia and one from Oklahoma, were used for these studies. In two separate trials, cattle inoculated with equal doses of the two isolates developed infection with only one genotype. Tick cell cultures inoculated with equal doses of the two isolates became infected with only the Virginia isolate of A. marginale. When cultures were inoculated with different ratios of the Oklahoma and Virginia isolates of A. marginale, the isolate inoculated in the higher ratio became established and excluded infection with the other. When cultures with established infections of one isolate were subsequently infected with the other, only the established isolate was detected. We documented infection exclusion during initial infection in cell culture by labeling each isolate with a different fluorescent dye. After 2 days in culture, only a single isolate was detected per cell by fluorescence microscopy. Finally, when Anaplasma ovis infections were established in cultures that were subsequently inoculated with the Virginia or Oklahoma isolate of A. marginale, A. marginale infection was excluded. These studies confirm that infection exclusion occurs with A. marginale in bovine erythrocytes and tick cells, resulting in the establishment of only one genotype, and appears to be the first report of infection exclusion for Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species.

scholarly journals Etudes sur les tiques du bétail en Guadeloupe et Martinique. II. Agents pathogènes transmis par les tiques

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Claude Morel
Keyword(s):  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Amblyomma Variegatum ◽  
Babesia Caballi ◽  
Cowdria Ruminantium

Les protozoaires sanguicoles observés en Guadeloupe chez le boeuf splénectomisé sont Babesia (Piroplasma) bigemina et Theileria mutans ; la piroplasmose bovine vraie apparaît sporadiquement en Guadeloupe et Martinique chez les animaux importés d'origine européenne. L'existance de Babesia caballi et de B. canis est probable dans les deux iles, du fait de la présence des vecteurs sur les hôtes sensibles. En ce qui concerne les rickettsiales, Anaplasma marginale a été vu chez le boeuf splénectomisé et l'anaplasmose clinique est parfois constatée ; la présence de Cowdria ruminantium est vraisemblable en Guadeloupe en relation avec la présence d'Amblyomma variegatum et du fait de l'analogie des symptômes entre des accès enzootiques aigus observés dans cette ile et d'étiologie non encore élucidée avec la symptomatologie de la cowdriose en Afrique ; des larves d'Amblyomma variegatum ont été trouvées spontanément infectées par Rickettsia conori. Le bétail de Guadeloupe présente une dermatose analogue ou identique à la streptothricose africaine due à Dermatophilus congolensis, et associée comme cette dernière à Amblyomma variegatum

scholarly journals Impact assessment of immunology and immunoparasitology research at ILRAD and ILRI.

2020 ◽  
pp. 164-207
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Black ◽  
Cynthia L. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Subunit Vaccine ◽  
Trypanosoma Congolense ◽  
Theileria Parva ◽  
Trypanosoma Vivax ◽  
Personal Reflections ◽  
The Cost

Abstract This book chapter assesses the research on bovine immunology and immunoparasitology conducted over 42 years, from 1973 to 2015, first at ILRAD (1973-1994) and subsequently at ILRI, which was formed by merging ILRAD and the International Livestock Centre for Africa (ILCA) in 1995. This assessment covers the approaches taken, the performance of research teams, the scientific truths uncovered, the cost-effectiveness of the research undertaken and the practical outcomes achieved, notably, the development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and other tools to better define the bovine immune system. The chapter makes extensive use of citation data along with the personal reflections of scientists who participated in the research and surveys of opinion leaders in the field. The specific scientific goals and achievements of ILRI and its predecessors were as follows: making a substantive contribution to bovine immunology was realistic and has been substantially achieved, measuring the diversity of strains of Theileria parva, Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma vivax and Trypanosoma congolense was realistic and has been substantially achieved, identifying mechanisms of immunity that kill parasites or limit the growth of the above parasites was realistic and has been substantially achieved, and developing an effective subunit vaccine against any of the parasites was an ambitious goal and so far has not been achieved.

scholarly journals SEROPREVALENCE OF Trypanosoma vivax, Anaplasma marginale, and Babesia bovis IN DAIRY CATTLE

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonata de Melo Barbieri ◽  
Yuly Andrea Caicedo Blanco ◽  
Fábio Raphael Pascoti Bruhn ◽  
Antônio Marcos Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Multiple Model ◽  
Trypanosoma Vivax ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test

Abstract In order to determine the prevalence of IgG against Trypanosoma vivax, Anaplasma marginale, and Babesia bovis in dairy cattle in southern Minas Gerais, four hundred cows from 40 dairy farms were randomly selected and distributed in 14 municipalities. Seroprevalence was determined by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Interviews were conducted to characterize producers and dairy production. Univariate analysis was carried out using chi-square (x2) or Fisher's exact test. The multiple model was constructed with variables associated with p ≤ 0.25 by x2 test using generalized estimating equations (GEE). True prevalence at herd level was 49.6% (31.7-67.5), 100% (92.1-100), and 100% (86.5-100) for T. vivax, A. marginale, and B. bovis, respectively. At individual level, true seroprevalence was 9.9% (6.7-13.1), 96.2% (92.1-99.6), and 93.7% (89.4-97.2), respectively, for T. vivax, A. marginale, and B. bovis. Among the factors adjusted by logistic regression GEE model, "total farm area" (p= 0.021, OR= 0.308, Ic95%= 0.114-0.836) and "fly season" (p= 0.016, OR= 2.133, Ic95%= 1.153-3.948) remained associated with seropositivity for T. vivax. As the State of Minas Gerais is considered non-endemic for T. vivax, producers and veterinarians should be informed about the risk of occurrence of bovine trypanosomiasis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in Central Mozambique from 2002 to 2005

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.J.K. Specht
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Trypanosoma Congolense ◽  
Trypanosoma Vivax ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Bovine Trypanosomosis ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Cattle Infections ◽  
Veterinary Laboratory

The study is the result of analyzing 16 895 blood smears of cattle collected at 180 sites in the provinces of Manica, Sofala, Zambézia and Tete in Mozambique. Of the blood smears 73.9 % were from Manica, 11.8 % from Tete, 8.5 % from Sofala and 5.8 % from Zambézia; 75.6 % of these were collected from smallholder cattle. Infections with trypanosomes were highest in smallholder cattle from Sofala Province with 36.8 % of the 872 blood smears examined positive for trypanosomes, and lowest in cattle of commercial farmers in Manica Province with only 6.2 % of 2 252 blood smears being positive. Trypanosoma congolense was the predominant species, followed by Trypanosoma vivax and Trypanosoma brucei sensu lato. Trypanosoma brucei, which also infects humans, was more frequent in the districts of Buzi, Mutarara and Morrumbala with 15.1 %, 10.5 % and 9.8 % of all examined cattle in 2005 being infected with it, respectively. The results show a significant increase in the infection rate with trypanosomes compared with results obtained in previous years by the Regional Veterinary Laboratory in Manica Province and by the Regional Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Control Programme in Zambézia, Tete and Sofala provinces.

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