scholarly journals Tiques et hémoparasitoses du bétail au Sénégal. VI. La zone soudano-sahélienne

1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
A. Gueye ◽  
M. Mbengue ◽  
A. Diouf
Keyword(s):  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Amblyomma Variegatum ◽  
Dynamique Des Populations ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
Hyalomma Truncatum ◽  
Boophilus Decoloratus ◽  
Rhipicephalus Evertsi Evertsi ◽  
Variations Saisonnières

Les auteurs rapportent les résultats d'une étude sur les tiques et les hémoparasitoses des bovins, ovins et caprins de la zone soudano-sahélienne. Un détiquage systématique de 40 bovins, 40 ovins et 40 caprins est effectué pendant 15 mois dans le but de déterminer la dynamique des populations et de préciser les sites préférentiels de fixation des différentes espèces. Chez ces ruminants, les espèces suivantes sont récoltées : Hyalomma truncatum, H. marginatum rufipes, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, Rh. guilhoni, Amblyomma variegatum, Boophilus decoloratus. Parallèlement, des études sont menées sur les hémoparasitoses par réalisation de frottis de sang et de splénectomies. Chez les bovins, sont mis en évidence : Anaplasma marginale, Ehrlichia bovis, Theileria mutans. Les infections décelées chez les ovins et les caprins sont occasionnées par Anaplasma ovis, Ehrlichia ovina et Theileria ovis. Les valeurs de l'hématocrite d'animaux adultes apparemment sains sont étudiées, de même que les variations saisonnières de ce paramètre hématologique.

scholarly journals Tiques et hémoparasitoses du bétail au Sénégal. V. La zone Nord-guinéenne

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-561
Author(s):  
A. Gueye ◽  
M. Mbengue ◽  
A. Diouf ◽  
M.L. Sonko
Keyword(s):  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Trypanosoma Congolense ◽  
Amblyomma Variegatum ◽  
Trypanosoma Vivax ◽  
Dynamique Des Populations ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
Hyalomma Truncatum ◽  
Variations Saisonnières

Les auteurs rapportent les résultats d'une étude sur les tiques et les hémoparasitoses des bovins, des ovins et des caprins de la zone nord-guinéenne. Un détiquage systématique de 40 bovins, 40 moutons et 40 chèvres est effectué pendant 15 mois dans le but de déterminer la dynamique des populations et de préciser les sites préférentiels de fixation des différentes espèces suivantes récoltées sur ces animaux : Amblyomma variegatum, Boophilus geigyi, Hyalomma truncatum, H. marginatum rufipes, Rhipicephalus sulcatus, Rh. senegalensis, Rh. lunulatus. Des études sont menées simultanément sur les hémoparasitoses par réalisation de frottis de sang et de splénectomies. Chez les bovins, sont mis en évidence : Anaplasma marginale, Ehrlichia bovis, Trypanosoma vivax, Theileria mutans, Theileria velifera. Les infections décelées chez les petits ruminants sont occasionnées par Anaplasma ovis, Ehrlichia ovina, Trypanosoma congolense, Theileria ovis. Les valeurs de l'hématocrite d'animaux apparemment sains sont étudiées, de même que les variations saisonnières de ce paramètre hématologique.

Distribution of ticks (Acari: Ixodida) infesting domestic ruminants in Ghana

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Walker ◽  
E.B.M. Koney
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
West African ◽  
Amblyomma Variegatum ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Vegetation Zone ◽  
Boophilus Decoloratus ◽  
Domestic Ruminants ◽  
Vegetation Zones ◽  
Rhipicephalus Evertsi Evertsi

AbstractNineteen sites throughout Ghana were selected as representative of the three major zones of natural vegetation. At these sites, samples of ticks were collected from groups of approximately five each of cattle, sheep and goats. Ticks were identified by light microscopy. In order of abundance, tick species found on livestock were: Amblyomma variegatum (Fabricius), Boophilus decoloratus (Koch), Rhipicephalus senegalensis Koch, Boophilus annulatus (Say), Hyalomma marginatum rufipesKoch, a Rhipicephalus species in the sanguineus group of uncertain identity close to both R. turanicus Pomerantsev and R. sulcatus Neumann, Boophilus geigyi Aeschlimann & Morel, Hyalomma truncatum Koch, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi Neumann and Rhipicephalus lunulatus Neumann. Amblyomma variegatum was found on every sample of the sheep, goats and cattle examined and was equally abundant in all vegetation zones. Boophilus species were found mainly on cattle, with some on sheep and were widely distributed by vegetation zone. Hyalomma species were found predominantly on cattle and widely distributed by vegetation zone. Rhipicephalus e. evertsi and R. senegalensis were found on sheep and cattle in all vegetation zones. The tick fauna of Ghana is similar to those of other West African countries and this shows that control strategies developed in neighbouring countries can be applied to Ghana. The significance of this tick fauna is discussed in relation to potential for pathogen transmission.

scholarly journals Viraemic transmission of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus to ticks

1991 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Shepherd ◽  
R. Swanepoel ◽  
S. P. Shepherd ◽  
P. A. Leman ◽  
O. Mathee
Keyword(s):  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
Transovarial Transmission ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Hyalomma Truncatum ◽  
Virus Content ◽  
Cchf Virus ◽  
Rhipicephalus Evertsi Evertsi ◽  
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Tick Vectors

SUMMARYIn order to determine the way in which vertebrates infected with Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus and potential ixodid tick vectors interact in nature, immature and adult ticks of several species were fed on viraemic mammals and then assayed for virus content at varying times after feeding. CCHF virus was not isolated from ticks of six species tested after feeding as adults and immature forms on sheep with viraemia of 102·5−3·2LD 50/ml, nor from larval ticks fed on guinea-pigs and white-tailed rats with viraemia of 101·9−2·7LD 50/ml. In contrast, virus was isolated from 10 of 152 pools of engorged adult ticks of 5 species that fed on cattle with viraemia of 101·5−2·7LD 50/ml and from 3 of 137 female ticks after oviposition. Infection was transmitted to larval and nymphalHyalomma truncatumandH. marginatum rufipes, but not toRhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, from a scrub hare with viraemia of 104·250/ml but only nymphalH. truncatumandH. m. rufipesbecame infected from scrub hares with viraemia of 102·6−2·7LD 50/ml. Infection was transmitted trans-stadially inH. m. rufipesandH. truncatuminfected as nymphae, and adultH. m. rufipestransmitted infection to a sheep. No evidence of transovarial transmission was found in larval progeny of ticks exposed to CCHF virus as adults on sheep and cattle or as immatures on scrub hares.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences ofAnaplasma phagocytophilum,A. marginale, andA. ovisIsolates from Different Hosts

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Diaz-Sanchez ◽  
Angélica Hernández-Jarguín ◽  
Isabel G. Fernández de Mera ◽  
Pilar Alberdi ◽  
Erich Zweygarth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
First Report

ABSTRACTHere, we report the draft genome sequences of isolates ofAnaplasma phagocytophilum,Anaplasma marginale, andAnaplasma ovis. The genomes ofA. phagocytophilum(human),A. marginale(cattle), andA. ovis(goat) isolates from the United States were sequenced and characterized. This is the first report of anA. ovisgenome sequence.

scholarly journals Ticks associated with the three largest wild ruminant species in Southern Africa

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.G. Horak ◽  
H. Golezardy ◽  
A.C. Uys
Keyword(s):  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Amblyomma Hebraeum ◽  
Wild Ruminant ◽  
Ruminant Species ◽  
Boophilus Decoloratus ◽  
Ixodes Rubicundus ◽  
Rhipicephalus Evertsi Evertsi ◽  
Host Status

The objective of this study was to assess the host status of the three largest southern African wild ruminants, namely giraffes, Giraffa camelopardalis, African buffaloes, Syncerus caffer, and eland, Taurotragus oryx for ixodid ticks. To this end recently acquired unpublished data are added here to already published findings on the tick burdens of these animals, and the total numbers and species of ticks recorded on 12 giraffes, 18 buffaloes and 36 eland are summarized and discussed. Twenty-eight ixodid tick species were recovered. All stages of development of ten species, namely Amblyomma hebraeum, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus, Haemaphysalis silacea, Ixodes pilosus group, Margaropus winthemi, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, Rhipicephalus glabroscutatum, Rhipicephalus maculates and Rhipicephalus muehlensi were collected. The adults of 13 species, of which the immature stages use small mammals as hosts, namely Haemaphysalis aciculifer, Hyalomma glabrum, Hyalomma marginatum rufipes, Hyalomma truncatum, Ixodes rubicundus, Rhipicephalus capensis, Rhipicephalus exophthalmos, Rhipicephalus follis, Rhipicephalus gertrudae, Rhipicephalus lounsburyi, Rhipicephalus lunulatus, Rhipicephalus pravus group and Rhipicephalus simus, were also collected.

scholarly journals Differential Expression and Sequence Conservation of the Anaplasma marginale msp2 Gene Superfamily Outer Membrane Proteins

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 3471-3479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Noh ◽  
Kelly A. Brayton ◽  
Donald P. Knowles ◽  
Joseph T. Agnes ◽  
Michael J. Dark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
Sequence Comparisons

ABSTRACT Bacterial pathogens in the genera Anaplasma and Ehrlichia encode a protein superfamily, pfam01617, which includes the predominant outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of each species, major surface protein 2 (MSP2) and MSP3 of Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma ovis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum MSP2 (p44), Ehrlichia chaffeensis p28-OMP, Ehrlichia canis p30, and Ehrlichia ruminantium MAP1, and has been shown to be involved in both antigenic variation within the mammalian host and differential expression between the mammalian and arthropod hosts. Recently, complete sequencing of the A. marginale genome has identified an expanded set of genes, designated omp1-14, encoding new members of this superfamily. Transcriptional analysis indicated that, with the exception of the three smallest open reading frames, omp2, omp3, and omp6, these superfamily genes are transcribed in A. marginale-infected erythrocytes, tick midgut and salivary glands, and the IDE8 tick cell line. OMPs 1, 4, 7 to 9, and 11 were confirmed to be expressed as proteins by A. marginale within infected erythrocytes, with expression being either markedly lower (OMPs 1, 4, and 7 to 9) or absent (OMP11) in infected tick cells, which reflected regulation at the transcript level. Although the pfam01617 superfamily includes the antigenically variable MSP2 and MSP3 surface proteins, analysis of the omp1-14 sequences throughout a cycle of acute and persistent infection in the mammalian host and tick transmission reveals a high degree of conservation, an observation supported by sequence comparisons between the St. Maries strain and Florida strain genomes.

scholarly journals Infection of Tick Cells and Bovine Erythrocytes with One Genotype of the Intracellular Ehrlichia Anaplasma marginale Excludes Infection with Other Genotypes

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 658-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
José de la Fuente ◽  
Jose C. Garcia-Garcia ◽  
Edmour F. Blouin ◽  
Jeremiah T. Saliki ◽  
Katherine M. Kocan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tick Cell ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
Major Surface ◽  
Bovine Erythrocytes

ABSTRACT Anaplasma marginale, a tick-borne rickettsial pathogen of cattle, is endemic in several areas of the United States. Many geographic isolates of A. marginale that occur in the United States are characterized by the major surface protein 1a, which varies in sequence and molecular weight due to different numbers of tandem repeats of 28 or 29 amino acids. Recent studies (G. H. Palmer, F. R. Rurangirwa, and T. F. McElwain, J. Clin. Microbiol. 39:631-635, 2001) of an A. marginale-infected herd of cattle in an area of endemicity demonstrated that multiple msp1α genotypes were present but that only one genotype was found per individual bovine. These findings suggested that infection of cattle with other genotypes was excluded. The present study was undertaken to confirm the phenomenon of infection exclusion of A. marginale genotypes in infected bovine erythrocytes and cultured tick cells. Two tick-transmissible isolates of A. marginale, one from Virginia and one from Oklahoma, were used for these studies. In two separate trials, cattle inoculated with equal doses of the two isolates developed infection with only one genotype. Tick cell cultures inoculated with equal doses of the two isolates became infected with only the Virginia isolate of A. marginale. When cultures were inoculated with different ratios of the Oklahoma and Virginia isolates of A. marginale, the isolate inoculated in the higher ratio became established and excluded infection with the other. When cultures with established infections of one isolate were subsequently infected with the other, only the established isolate was detected. We documented infection exclusion during initial infection in cell culture by labeling each isolate with a different fluorescent dye. After 2 days in culture, only a single isolate was detected per cell by fluorescence microscopy. Finally, when Anaplasma ovis infections were established in cultures that were subsequently inoculated with the Virginia or Oklahoma isolate of A. marginale, A. marginale infection was excluded. These studies confirm that infection exclusion occurs with A. marginale in bovine erythrocytes and tick cells, resulting in the establishment of only one genotype, and appears to be the first report of infection exclusion for Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species.

Ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea) of Ethiopia. I. Distribution, ecology and host relationships of species infesting livestock

1981 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupert G. Pegram ◽  
Harry Hoogstraal ◽  
Hilda Y. Wassef
Keyword(s):  
Common Species ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Ornithodoros Savignyi ◽  
Boophilus Decoloratus ◽  
Rhipicephalus Evertsi Evertsi ◽  
The Common ◽  
Host Relationships ◽  
Semi Arid

AbstractIn a survey of adult ticks infesting livestock in Ethiopia, 33 species and subspecies were identified. The distribution and abundance of each are discussed in relation to ecology (altitude, climate and vegetation). Amblyomma variegatum (F.) is the most widespread and abundant tick parasitising cattle. A. cohaerens Dön. is common on cattle in wetter western habitats but is replaced by A. gemma Dön. in drier eastern areas. A. lepidum Dön. occupies intermediate habitats. The distribution of Boophilus decoloratus (Koch) is similar to that of A. variegatum. Hyalomma truncatum Koch and H. marginatum rufipes Koch are both common except in extremely arid and humid zones. H. anatolicum anatolicum Koch, H. anatolicum excavatum Koch, H. dromedarii Koch, H. erythraeum Tonelli-Rondelli, and H. impeltatum Schulze & Schlottke are usually associated with camels in semi-arid areas of eastern Ethiopia. Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi Neum., R. sanguineus (Latr.) group and R. simus Koch do not display marked ecological preferences. East of the Rift Valley in semi-arid areas below 2000 m, R. pulchellus (Gerst.) is abundant on cattle and camels. R. longicoxatus Neum. and R. pravus Dön. inhabit drier localities, but R. lunulatus Neum. occurs only in wetter western areas. Species taken infrequently were A. nuttalli Dön., A. sparsum Neum., B. annulatus (Say), Haemaphysalis aciculifer Warb., H. leachii (Aud.), H. parmata Neum., H. spinulosa Neum., Hyalomma marginatum marginatum Koch, H. marginatum turanicum Pom., H. punt Hoogst., Kaiser & Pedersen, Ornithodoros savignyi (Aud.), R. longus Neum., R. muhsamae Morel & Vassiliades, and R. senegalensis Koch. The seasonal dynamics of the common species and observations on their relationships to tick-borne diseases of man and domestic animals are discussed.

scholarly journals Etudes sur les tiques du bétail en Guadeloupe et Martinique. II. Agents pathogènes transmis par les tiques

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Claude Morel
Keyword(s):  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Amblyomma Variegatum ◽  
Babesia Caballi ◽  
Cowdria Ruminantium

Les protozoaires sanguicoles observés en Guadeloupe chez le boeuf splénectomisé sont Babesia (Piroplasma) bigemina et Theileria mutans ; la piroplasmose bovine vraie apparaît sporadiquement en Guadeloupe et Martinique chez les animaux importés d'origine européenne. L'existance de Babesia caballi et de B. canis est probable dans les deux iles, du fait de la présence des vecteurs sur les hôtes sensibles. En ce qui concerne les rickettsiales, Anaplasma marginale a été vu chez le boeuf splénectomisé et l'anaplasmose clinique est parfois constatée ; la présence de Cowdria ruminantium est vraisemblable en Guadeloupe en relation avec la présence d'Amblyomma variegatum et du fait de l'analogie des symptômes entre des accès enzootiques aigus observés dans cette ile et d'étiologie non encore élucidée avec la symptomatologie de la cowdriose en Afrique ; des larves d'Amblyomma variegatum ont été trouvées spontanément infectées par Rickettsia conori. Le bétail de Guadeloupe présente une dermatose analogue ou identique à la streptothricose africaine due à Dermatophilus congolensis, et associée comme cette dernière à Amblyomma variegatum

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