scholarly journals NEW MORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS ON PRATYLENCHUS THORNEI SHER & ALLEN, 1953 (NEMATODA PRATYLENCHIDAE) BASED ON THE POPULATION FROM IRAN

Redia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
EBRAHIM MOVAHEDIFAR ◽  
SEDIGHE AZIMI
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Pratylenchus Thornei ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Southwest Iran

A population of Pratylenchus thornei was recovered from the rhizospheric soil of sugarcane in Khuzestan province, southwest Iran. It was studied using morphological and molecular data and new morphological observations were made. This population is characterized by 457-551 μm long females, lateral field with five or six smooth incisures, lip region with three annuli, stylet 14.0-16.8 μm long with rounded basal knobs, spermatheca empty, tail subcylindrical and slightly conical towards tip, tail terminus truncate, subdigitate, trilobed or indented. Comparisons with some previously reported populations and similar species are discussed. This is the first report of the species from sugarcane fields in Iran. The molecular phylogenetic analyses were done by using partial sequences of the D2-D3 expansion segments of large subunit, and internal transcribed spacer (LSU D2-D3 and ITS rDNA) regions. The studied population of the species formed a maximally supported clade with other sequences of the species in both phylogenetic analyses using Bayesian inference

scholarly journals A new species and four new records of Amanita (Amanitaceae; Basidiomycota) from Northern Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 286 (4) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
BENJARONG THONGBAI ◽  
RODHAM E. TULLOSS ◽  
STEVEN L. MILLER ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE ◽  
JIE CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Biodiversity Study ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Mushrooms belonging to the genus Amanita were collected during a fungal biodiversity study in northern Thailand in 2012–2014. Morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses were used to identify the mushrooms to species. Amanita castanea is described as new to science and compared with phenetically and phylogenetically similar species. It is assignable to Amanita stirps Citrina within Amanita series Mappae. Four other species, A. concentrica, A. rimosa, A. cf. rubromarginata and A. zangii are first reports for Thailand; detailed morphological and molecular data are provided for the Thai material.

Morphological redescription and molecular characterization of Trichodina matsu Basson & Van As, 1994 (Ciliophora, Mobilida, Trichodinidae) infecting Tachysurus fulvidraco (Richardson, 1846) from Chongqing, China

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4995 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-344
Author(s):  
QIAN ZHOU ◽  
FAHUI TANG ◽  
YUANJUN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Sequence Alignments ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Multiple Sequence Alignments ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Tachysurus Fulvidraco

During a survey of parasitic ciliates in Chongqing, China, Trichodina matsu Basson & Van As, 1994 was isolated from gills of Tachysurus fulvidraco. Furthermore, the 18S rRNA gene and ITS-5.8S rRNA region of T. matsu were sequenced for the first time and applied for the species identification and comparison with similar species in the present study. Based on the morphological and molecular comparisons, the results indicate that T. matsu is an ectoparasite specific for the Siluriformes catfish. Based on the analyses of genetic distance, multiple sequence alignments, and phylogenetic analyses, no obvious differentiation within populations of T. matsu was found. In addition, the ‘Trichodina hyperparasitis’ (KX904933) in GenBank is a misidentification and appears to be conspecific with T. matsu according to the comparison of morphological and molecular data.  

Trechispora yunnanensis sp. nov. (Hydnodontaceae, Basidiomycota) from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 424 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAI-MIN XU ◽  
YU-HUI CHEN ◽  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Inference Methods

A new wood-inhabiting fungal species, Trechispora yunnanensis sp. nov., is proposed based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses. The species is characterized by resupinate basidiomata, rigid and fragile up on drying, cream to pale greyish hymenial surface; a monomitic hyphal system with generative hyphae bearing clamp connections, IKI-, CB-; ellipsoid, hyaline, thick-walled, ornamented, IKI-, CB- basidiospores measuring as 7–8.5 × 5–5.5 µm. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large subunit (LSU) regions of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene sequences of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood (ML), maximum parsimony (MP) and bayesian inference methods (BPP). The phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data of ITS+nLSU sequences showed that T. yunnanensis formed a monophyletic lineage with a strong support (100% ML, 100% MP, 1.00 BPP) and was closely related to T. byssinella and T. laevis. Both morphological characteristics and results of molecular phylogenetic analyses confirmed the placement of the new species in Trechispora.

Review: Freshwater and Soil Foraminifera – A Story of Long-Forgotten Relatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-331
Author(s):  
Maria Holzmann ◽  
Andrew J. Gooday ◽  
Ferry Siemensma ◽  
Jan Pawlowski
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Fresh Impetus ◽  
The 19Th Century

ABSTRACT Foraminifera are a primarily marine taxon widespread in all oceanic habitats, from shallow, brackish-water settings to deep-seafloor and pelagic realms. Their diversity is remarkable with several thousand species described and a fossil record tracing back to the Cambrian. While foraminifera represent one of the best-studied groups of marine meiofauna, much less is known about their non-marine relatives. The first freshwater foraminifera were described in the 19th century by European and North American protozoologists, but interest in them lapsed during much of the 20th century and was not rekindled until the advent of molecular systematics provided a fresh impetus to their study. Several new species, genera, and families have been described recently based on morphological and molecular data derived from cultured specimens. In parallel, environmental genomic studies revealed that foraminifera are highly diverse and ubiquitous in freshwater and soil environments. Molecular phylogenetic analyses places non-marine foraminifera in a few clades among the large array of single-chambered (monothalamous) lineages, suggesting that several independent colonization events of freshwater and terrestrial habitats occurred. Non-marine foraminifera are turning from obscure curiosities to being recognized as an important part of soil and freshwater microbial communities, a major component of these complex environments.

Ektaphelenchoides shiroodensis n. sp. (Rhabditida: Ektaphelenchinae) a new member of the genus

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Aliramaji ◽  
Ebrahim Pourjam ◽  
Majid Pedram
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Posterior Body Region

Summary Ektaphelenchoides shiroodensis n. sp. is described and illustrated based upon morphological, morphometric and molecular data. It was recovered from the bark samples of a dead alder tree (Alnus sp.) from countryside around Shirood city, Mazandaran province, in the north of Iran. The new species is characterised by 768-985 μm long females, its lip region separated from the body contour by constriction, lateral field with three barely visible lines, forming two weak bands, 26-29 μm long stylet with wide lumen without conophore and basal swellings, excretory pore always at the level with median bulb, post-vulval uterine sac (PUS) 43-76 μm long, elongate conoid posterior body region ending to a long filiform part with pointed tip, males common with dorsally convex conical tail ending to a short narrower region with pointed tip, seven precloacal + cloacal + caudal papillae and arcuate spicules with wide condylus, blunt rostrum and simple end. Based upon the similar posterior body region (‘tail’) and comparable PUS length, the new species was compared to three known species, viz., E. attenuata, E. hunti and E. pini. Comparisons with the aforementioned species and similar species under the genus Seinura are discussed. The phylogenetic affinities of the new species, based upon two partial small and large subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU and LSU rDNA D2-D3) sequences, are discussed. Furthermore, several ektaphelenchid and seinurid species previously described from Iran were recovered in the present study, sequenced for their aforementioned genomic markers, and included in the phylogenetic analyses.

Additional data on Pratylenchoides riparius (Andrássy, 1985) Luc, 1986 (Nematoda: Merliniidae) from Iran

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 827-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manouchehr Hosseinvand ◽  
Ali Eskandari ◽  
Reza Ghaderi
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Type Population ◽  
Stylet Length

Summary The second population of Pratylenchoides riparius, including females and males, is described and illustrated based upon morphological, morphometric and molecular data. The present population from Iran is characterised by some differences with the type population of the species from Hungary in stylet length (24-26 vs 21-22 μm), slightly longer body (1002-1230 vs 830-960 μm), pharynx (202-211 vs 182-190 μm) and tail (64-85 vs 48-57 μm), areolated outer bands of the lateral field (vs non-areolated), widening of the lateral field near tail terminus (vs lateral incisures connecting each other) and presence of males (vs absent). The taxonomic status of the species with regarding the data from the type and presently recovered population, as well as the closely similar species is discussed. The newly recovered population was studied based upon its molecular phylogenetic charactes using the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA and the partial 18S rRNA gene sequences and the results revealed that it forms a clade with P. magnicauda in 28S, but occupies a distant placement from it in 18S phylogeny.

Devibursaphelenchus kheirii sp. n. (Nematoda: Ektaphelenchinae) from Iran with remarks on Devibursaphelenchus Kakuliya, 1967

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1069-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Aliramaji ◽  
Ebrahim Pourjam ◽  
Mohammad Reza Atighi ◽  
Akbar Karegar ◽  
Majid Pedram
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Excretory Pore ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Devibursaphelenchus kheirii sp. n. is described and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric and molecular data. The new species is characterised by females with 370-472 μm body length, lip region separated from the body by a shallow constriction, three lines in lateral field, stylet short, 13.5-15.0 μm long, lacking basal knobs or swellings, excretory pore posterior to metacorpus, vulval flap absent, post-uterine sac short, without sperm, rectum and anus obscure, posterior end of the body elongate-conoid with finely rounded terminus. Males of the new species are characterised by their tail ventrally curved after fixation, having two pairs of caudal papillae, spicules 9-11 μm long with an elongated condylus, with rounded tip, pointed rostrum, lacking cucullus and having small conical terminal bursa. The new species comes close to D. hunanensis, D. lini and D. wangi. Beside morphological comparisons, the molecular phylogenetic analyses based on 778 bp of partial sequences of 28S rDNA D2-D3 were performed using two Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods and revealed that D. kheirii sp. n. formed a clade with the remaining species of the genus and one species of Ektaphelenchoides. This is the first report on occurrence of the genus Devibursaphelenchus in Iran. Devibursaphelenchus eproctatus syn. n. is proposed as a junior synonym of D. hunanensis.

Five new morphological types of virgulate and microcotylous xiphidiocercariae based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Shchenkov ◽  
S.A. Denisova ◽  
G.A. Kremnev ◽  
A.A. Dobrovolskij
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
First Time

Abstract The phylogenetic position of most xiphidiocercariae from subgroups Cercariae virgulae and Cercariae microcotylae remains unknown or unclear, even at the family level. In this paper, we studied the morphology and molecular phylogeny of 15 microcotylous and virgulate cercariae (11 new and four previously described ones). Based on morphological and molecular data, we suggested five distinct morphological types of xiphidiocercariae, which are a practical alternative to Cercariae virgulae and Cercariae microcotylae subgroups. Four of these types correspond to actual digenean taxa (Microphallidae, Lecithodendriidae, Pleurogenidae and Prosthogonimidae), while the fifth is represented by Cercaria nigrospora Wergun, 1957, which we classified on the basis of molecular data for the first time. We reassessed the relative importance of morphological characters used for the classification of virgulate and microcotylous cercariae, and discussed the main evolutionary trends within xiphidiocercariae. Now stylet cercariae can be reliably placed into several sub-taxa of Microphalloidea on the basis of their morphological features.

Combining morphological and molecular data to classify Laxus sakihariiae sp. n., a new stilbonematine nematode (Nematoda: Desmodoridae) from the coast of Sesoko Island, Japan

Nematology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Leduc ◽  
Frederic Sinniger
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Diagnostic Feature ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Simple Body ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Because of their relatively simple body plan, the number of morphological characters used to differentiate between closely related nematode genera is often limited. In addition, boundaries among genera sometimes become blurred due to the appearance of new trait combinations as more new species are described. Molecular phylogenetic analyses can address the shortcomings of morphological taxonomy by clarifying relationships among closely related species and genera and can help identify which morphological characters are taxonomically informative. Here, we describeLaxus sakihariiaesp. n. from shallow subtidal sands on Sesoko Island in the Okinawa prefecture, investigate phylogenetic relationships with other stilbonematine species and genera based on SSU rDNA sequences, and provide the first LSU rDNA sequence for the subfamily. The new species can be easily distinguished from all other species of the genus by the presence in the male of subventral and ventral rows of stout and spine-like setae in the pre- and postcloacal regions. This feature suggests affinities with the closely related genusLeptonemella, although the SSU consensus tree clearly shows that the new species forms a monophyletic clade together with the otherLaxusspecies for which sequences are available. The structure of the cephalic capsule inL. sakihariiaesp. n., which consists of a block layer between the median and basal zones of the cephalic cuticle, is consistent with the placement of this species. This trait is not currently used as a diagnostic feature, but our finding suggests that the structure of the cephalic capsule may be taxonomically useful for differentiating between some stilbonematine genera.

Morphological and molecular data of two species of the rare genera Thada Thorne, 1941 and Tenunemellus Siddiqi, 1986 (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) from Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hosseinvand ◽  
A. Eskandari ◽  
R. Ghaderi ◽  
A. Karegar
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Populus Euphratica ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Abstract Thada populus n. sp. was found in the rhizosphere of Populus euphratica in the city of Dezful, south-western Iran. The new species is characterized by its 365–453 μm body length, cuticle with transverse annuli 0.9–1.2 μm wide, lateral fields with four lines, lip region low with one or two annuli, 7.0–8.5 μm wide at base, longitudinal or slightly sigmoid amphidial slit, delicate stylet 8.4–9.8 μm long with posteriorly directed knobs, dorsal pharyngeal gland opening at 1.0–1.5 μm posterior to the stylet knobs, non-muscular and valve-less median bulb, pyriform and offset basal bulb, almost oval spermatheca, posterior position of vulva (V = 75–79%) without lateral membrane, short post-vulval uterine sac and conical tail with finely to broadly rounded terminus. Morphological differences of the new species with those of the type species, Thada striata, are discussed. Molecular phylogenetic studies of the new species using partial sequences of small subunit ribosomal DNA revealed that the new species formed a clade with Malenchus spp., Filenchus facultativus, F. fungivorus and Filenchus sp. in Bayesian inference. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies were also performed on Tenunemellus indicus, the second recovered species, the latter analysis using partial sequences of large subunit ribosomal DNA. In the inferred Bayesian tree, T. indicus formed a clade with Labrys fuzhouensis, Lelenchus leptosoma from the Netherlands, Malenchus spp. and Filenchus discrepans.

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