scholarly journals Influence of deafness in children’s motor development and balance

1969 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaize C. Souza Lima ◽  
Maria C. da Cunha Pereira ◽  
Renato de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Somatosensory Information ◽  
Hearing Children ◽  
Base Of Support

The present study had two main purposes. The first purpose was to investigate the contribution of visual and somatosensory information to postural control in deaf children. The second purpose was to investigate the motor development of deaf children measured through the Motor Development Scale (MDS). Deaf and normal hearing children of the same chronological age were asked to stand on three different bases of support (single-limb, bipedal, and Romberg). For each base of support, the availability of visual information and the quality of somatosensory information manipulated by using a foam surface were combined. Children were also assessed through the MDS. Results related to postural control pointed out that deaf children exhibited a reduction on the time they stayed on the single-limb standing, especially for firm surface. Besides, the manipulation of visual information and the quality of somatosensory information diminished the time that participants stayed on both single-limb and Romberg standings. Relative to the MDS, results showed that deaf children exhibited a smaller motor age than normal hearing children for the temporal organization component of the test.  

scholarly journals Deaf Mothers: Communication, Activism, and the Family

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3/4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Najarian Souza
Keyword(s):  
Language Choice ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
Deaf Women ◽  
Hearing Children ◽  
College Educated

This article examines the mothering experiences of college educated Deaf women and connects this to their identities as part of the Deaf community. Using feminist life history interviews with ten Deaf women, the analysis focuses on their work as mothers and the connections with "maternal thinking," difference, and sameness. Findings include an analysis of the various strategies that these mothers used in their mothering, which include teaching the skills of lifetime educators and self-advocates to deaf children, sending their hearing children to Kids of Deaf Adults (KODA) camps and incorporating their activism and volunteering in their mothering. The author argues that an analysis of ability along with gender is useful to further current theorizing about gender and mothering as a kind of work and that an analysis of the role of language allows us to question the idea that mothering is an innate quality of women. Instead, the author argues that, due to the social context of their life situations, "maternal thinking" and language choice are learned practices that these women negotiate in their work as mothers.

scholarly journals Imitation of Nonwords by Deaf Children after Cochlear Implantation: Preliminary Findings

2002 ◽  
Vol 111 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda Cleary ◽  
Caitlin Dillon ◽  
David B. Pisoni
Keyword(s):  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Nonword Repetition ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Perceptual Judgments ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Component Processes ◽  
Linguistic Analyses ◽  
Hearing Children ◽  
Repetition Task

Fourteen prelingually deafened pediatric users of the Nucleus-22 cochlear implant were asked to imitate auditorily presented nonwords. The children's utterances were recorded, digitized, and broadly transcribed. The target patterns and the children's imitations were then played back to normal-hearing adult listeners in order to obtain perceptual judgments of repetition accuracy. The results revealed wide variability in the children's ability to repeat the novel sound sequences. Individual differences in the component processes of encoding, memory, and speech production were strongly reflected in the nonword repetition scores. Duration of deafness before implantation also appeared to be a factor associated with imitation performance. Linguistic analyses of the initial consonants in the nonwords revealed that coronal stops were imitated best, followed by the coronal fricative /s/, and then the labial and velar stops. Labial fricatives were poorly imitated. The theoretical significance of the nonword repetition task as it has been used in past studies of working memory and vocabulary development in normal-hearing children is discussed.

Auditory, Visual, and Auditory-Visual Recognition of Consonants by Children with Normal and Impaired Hearing

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman P. Erber
Keyword(s):  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Impaired Hearing ◽  
Acoustic Information ◽  
Hearing Children ◽  
Visual Reception ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Better Than

The consonants /b, d, g, k, m, n, p, t/ were presented to normal-hearing, severely hearing-impaired, and profoundly deaf children through auditory, visual, and combined auditory-visual modalities. Through lipreading alone, all three groups were able to discriminate between the places of articulation (bilabial, alveolar, velar) but not within each place category. When they received acoustic information only, normal-hearing children recognized the consonants nearly perfectly, and severely hearing-impaired children distinguished accurately between voiceless plosives, voiced plosives, and nasal consonants. However, the scores of the profoundly deaf group were low, and they perceived even voicing and nasality cues unreliably. Although both the normal-hearing and the severely hearing-impaired groups achieved nearly perfect recognition scores through simultaneous auditory-visual reception, the performance of the profoundly deaf children was only slightly better than that which they demonstrated through lipreading alone.

Vestibular Deficits in Deaf Children

1996 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Selz ◽  
Marian Girardi ◽  
Horst R. Konrad ◽  
Larry F. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Spontaneous Nystagmus ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Profound Hearing Loss ◽  
Hereditary Deafness ◽  
Balance System ◽  
The Status ◽  
Hearing Children ◽  
Future Evaluation

Considerable knowledge has been accumulated regarding acquired and congenital deafness in children. However, despite the intimate relationship between the auditory and vestibular systems, data are limited regarding the status of the balance system in these children. Using a test population of 15 children, aged 8 to 17 years, we performed electronystagmography testing. The test battery consisted of the eye-tracking (gaze nystagmus, spontaneous nystagmus, saccade, horizontal pursuit and optokinetic) tests, positional/positioning (Dix-Hallpike and supine) tests, and rotational chair tests. With age-matched controls, five children were tested in each of the following three categories: normal hearing, hereditary deafness, and acquired deafness. The children in the hereditary deafness category were congenitally deaf and had a family history of deafness. Those subjects in the acquired deafness category had hearing loss before the age of 2 years, after meningitis. Analysis of variance demonstrated significant differences between the two deaf groups and the control subjects in the gaze nystagmus test, saccade latencies, horizontal pursuit phase, and Dix-Hallpike and supine positionally provoked nystagmus. Also, significant differences were found in rotational chair gain and phase between the deaf and normal-hearing children. The children with acquired deafness exhibited the most profound results. In addition, there were significant differences in rotational chair gain between the acquired and congenitally deaf children. No differences were noted in horizontal pursuit gains, saccade accuracies, or saccade asymmetries. These preliminary data demonstrate that the etiologic factors responsible for congenital and acquired deafness in children may indeed affect the balance system as well. These findings of possible balance disorders in conjunction with the profound hearing loss in this patient population will have prognostic implications in the future evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation of these patients.

Deafness and Attentional Visual Search: A Developmental Study

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 252-252
Author(s):  
C Marendaz ◽  
C Robert ◽  
F Bonthoux
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Developmental Study ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Hearing Children

Neurophysiological (epigenetic specialisation of cortical areas) as well as behavioural (sign language, visual control of spatial surroundings) constraints suggest that deaf people should develop heightened abilities of processing parafoveal/peripheral visual information. Electrophysiological (visual event-related potentials) and psychophysical research using visual detection tasks on congenitally deaf adults corroborates this viewpoint (Neville, 1994 The Cognitive Neurosciences 219 – 231). The aim of this study was to examine whether this ability remains when the visual detection task requires a spatiotemporal organisation of attention. Forty congenitally bilaterally deaf (from a specialised institution) and sixty-four hearing subjects, subdivided into five age groups (from 7 years of age to young adults) performed four visual search tasks. The results showed that the younger deaf children performed dramatically worse than the aged-matched hearing children. This difference in performance between deaf and hearing children, however, disappeared at an age level of 11 years. Deaf adults did not perform significantly better than hearing adults. The data obtained in children have been replicated in a longitudinal study (re-test two years after). We are currently trying to determine which attentional mechanisms are more deficient in young deaf children (spatiotemporal organisation of search, engagement/disengagement of attention, etc) and what underlies the apparent amelioration of their deficit during development.

Comparison of Deaf and Hearing Children on Body-Object Localization

1976 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E. Comalli ◽  
Stephanie Schmidt ◽  
Morton W. Altshuler
Keyword(s):  
Body Position ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Object Localization ◽  
Body Tilt ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Visual Vertical ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Hearing Children

20 profoundly deaf and 20 normal hearing children from ages 10 to 13 were compared as to their ability to locate visually the position of apparent vertical and the apparent location of the longitudinal axis of the body under erect and 30° left and right body-tilt. Both deaf and normal hearing children were able accurately to locate a rod to the apparent visual vertical, but deaf children were significantly more accurate in aligning a rod to their apparent body-position than hearing children. This finding is discussed from both a learning view and from a hypothesis of developmental lag.

scholarly journals Late development of the categorical perception of speech sounds in pre-adolescent children

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 13-31
Author(s):  
Victoria Medina ◽  
Willy Serniclaes
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Categorical Perception ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
First Year ◽  
Functional Implications ◽  
Concomitant Reduction ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
Hearing Children

While the perilinguistic child is endowed with predispositions for the categorical perception of phonetic features, their adaptation to the native language results from a long evolution from the end of the first year of age up to the adolescence. This evolution entails both a better discrimination between phonological categories, a concomitant reduction of the discrimination between within-category variants, and a higher precision of perceptual boundaries between categories. The first objective of the present study was to assess the relative importance of these modifications by comparing the perceptual performances of a group of 11 children, aged from 8 to 11 years, with those of their mothers. Our second objective was to explore the functional implications of categorical perception by comparing the performances of a group of 8 deaf children, equipped with a cochlear implant, with normal-hearing chronological age controls. The results showed that the categorical boundary was slightly more precise and that categorical perception was consistently larger in adults vs. normal-hearing children. Those among the deaf children who were able to discriminate minimal distinctions between syllables displayed categorical perception performances equivalent to those of normal-hearing controls. In conclusion, the late effect of age on the categorical perception of speech seems to be anchored in a fairly mature phonological system, as evidenced the fairly high precision of categorical boundaries in pre-adolescents. These late developments have functional implications for speech perception in difficult conditions as suggested by the relationship between categorical perception and speech intelligibility in cochlear implant children.  

scholarly journals Cochlear implant: Speech and language development in deaf and hard of hearing children following implantation

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Ostojic ◽  
Sanja Djokovic ◽  
Nadezda Dimic ◽  
Branka Mikic
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Abstract Words ◽  
Hearing Children ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Hearing Impaired Children

Bacground/Aim. Almost 200 cochlear implantations were done in the four centers (two in Belgrade, per one in Novi Sad and Nis) in Serbia from 2002 to 2009. Less than 10% of implantees were postlingually deaf adults. The vast majority, i.e. 90% were pre- and perilingually profoundly deaf children. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of improved auditory perception due to cochlear implantation on comprehension of abstract words in children as compared with hearing impaired children with conventional hearing aids and normal hearing children. Methods. Thirty children were enrolled in this study: 20 hearing impaired and 10 normal hearing. The vocabulary test was used. Results. The overall results for the whole test (100 words) showed a significant difference in favor of the normal hearing as compared with hearing impaired children. The normal hearing children successfully described or defined 77.93% of a total of 100 words. Success rate for the cochlear implanted children was 26.87% and for the hearing impaired children with conventional hearing aids 20.32%. Conclusion. Testing for abstract words showed a statistically significant difference between the cochlear implanted and the hearing impaired children with hearing aids (Mann- Whitney U-test, p = 0.019) implying considerable advantage of cochlear implants over hearing aids regarding successful speech development in prelingually deaf children.

Information Processing of Visually Presented Picture and Word Stimuli by Young Hearing-Impaired and Normal-Hearing Children

1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 628-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald R. Kelly ◽  
C. Tomlinson-Keasey
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Word Form ◽  
Recognition Phase ◽  
Impaired Group ◽  
Hearing Children ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Hearing Impaired Children

Eleven hearing-impaired children and 11 normal-hearing children (mean = four years 11 months) were visually presented familiar items in either picture or word form. Subjects were asked to recognize the stimuli they had seen from cue cards consisting of pictures or words. They were then asked to recall the sequence of stimuli by arranging the cue cards selected. The hearing-impaired group and normal-hearing subjects performed differently with the picture/picture (P/P) and word/ word (W/W) modes in the recognition phase. The hearing impaired performed equally well with both modes (P/P and W/W), while the normal hearing did significantly better on the P/P mode. Furthermore, the normal-hearing group showed no difference in processing like modes (P/P and W/W) when compared to unlike modes (W/P and P/W). In contrast, the hearing-impaired subjects did better on like modes. The results were interpreted, in part, as supporting the position that young normal-hearing children dual code their visual information better than hearing-impaired children.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document