scholarly journals Pharmacological aspects of acute treatment glycoside intoxication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Sperling ◽  
E. G. Kruchinin ◽  
A. S. Gogolevsky
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽  
Cardiac Pathology ◽  
Historical Outline ◽  
Chronic Poisoning ◽  
Surgical Treatments ◽  
Glycoside Poisoning ◽  
Glycoside Intoxication

Despite the active introduction of surgical treatments for cardiac pathology and new synthetic cardiotonic drugs, cardiac glycosides (CG) remain an important component of the pharmacological treatment of heart diseases. Moreover, interest in this group of drugs is only increasing with the discovery of new pharmacological effects, such as antitumor and antiviral. However, despite many years of experience, the issue of managing patients with symptoms of both acute and chronic poisoning with cardiac glycosides remains one of the leading ones. The literature review provides a brief historical outline of cardiac glycoside poisoning and comprehensively describes the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of this group of drugs. The clinical picture of intoxication is described. We analyzed modern ideas and limitations of using antidote therapy such as digoxin immune Fab-antibody fragments, as well as the features of pathogenetic and symptomatic treatment of patients with acute glycoside poisoning. 

scholarly journals The Outcomes of Transcatheter Closure in Patients with Patent Ductus Arteriosus at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 208-211
Author(s):  
Putri Amelia ◽  
Rizky Adriansyah ◽  
Bastian Lubis ◽  
Muhammad Akil
Keyword(s):  
Patent Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Transcatheter Closure ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Treatments ◽  
Patent Ductus

BACKGROUND: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is one of the most common acyanotic congenital heart diseases. The incidence of PDA is approximately 1 in 500 full-term neonates. The current management of PDA includes pharmacological and surgical treatments. Transcatheter closure is a preferable PDA treatment than pharmacological intervention, for medications have a higher failure rate in premature infants. Several studies have reported the efficacy and safety of transcatheter closure in smaller and lower-weight infants. AIM: This study aims to describe the outcomes of transcatheter closure of PDA, which are complete closure, migrating device, and residuals, while also investigating factors that might affect these outcomes. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2018 in the pediatric cardiology outpatient clinic of Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. All PDA patients who underwent transcatheter closure were included in this study. We collected patients’ demographic data (age and sex), PDA size (categorize into large, moderate, and small), and PDA closure outcomes from medical records. The collected data were then analyzed with SPSS. RESULTS: One hundred and two children were included in this study, comprised 34 (33.3%) males and 68 (66.7%) females, with a mean age of 4.3 (±4.02) years old and the mean size of the defects 4.4 (±2.25) mm. Transcatheter closure with Lifetech® PDA Occluder was performed in 95 (93.1%) and MFO® in 7 (6.9%) patients. Small residuals were found in three patients, device migration was found in one patient. No relationship was found between the size of PDA and the outcomes measured. CONCLUSION: We concluded that transcatheter closure remains an effective treatment for PDA, with a considerable success rate.

Perinatal and infant mortality prediction score for the fetuses with Ebstein’s anomaly

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Komarova, M.V. Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Mortality Prediction ◽  
Ebstein’S Anomaly ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Cardiac Pathology ◽  
Ebstein's Anomaly ◽  
Aorta Diameter

The work was conducted according to the results of multicenter study of prenatal diagnosis Ebstein’s anomaly cases at 2017–2019 and using literature reports. For creating the score 20 cases of the diagnosed defect were selected. The score included the most significant quantified echographic parameters (Celermajer index, pulmonary artery-to aorta diameter ratio, axis of the heart) and quality valued parameters, estimated the existence or absence of the parameter (pulmonary artery atresia, ventricular septal defect, combined significant congenital heart diseases, pericardial effusion, hydrops/ascites, fetal growth restriction, chromosomal anomalies’ markers and accompanying fetal congenital defects). The proposed score provides with an opportunity for smart and veridical valuation of perinatal and infant mortality risks, both as for isolated form of Ebstein’s anomaly and for the cases of combined Ebstein’s anomaly with another cardiac and non-cardiac pathology.

scholarly journals The role of fluorescence polarization immuno-assay in the diagnosis of plant-induced cardiac glycoside poisoning livestock in South Africa

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Schultz ◽  
T.S. Kellerman ◽  
H. Van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycoside ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Immuno Assay ◽  
Considerable Benefit ◽  
Chemical Procedure ◽  
Glycoside Poisoning ◽  
Veterinary Institute

Poisoning with cardiac glycoside-containing plants is collectively the most important plant-associated poisoning of livestock in southern Africa. As a diagnosis of this significant poisoning is currently based on circumstantial evidence, a practical chemical procedure indicating the presence of cardiac glycosides in plants and animal specimens would be of considerable benefit. The fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) method, used to determine digoxin plasma levels in humans and dogs, was adapted to estimate cardiac glycoside levels in known cardiac-glycoside- containing plants as well as in the rumen and organs of dosed sheep. Positive FPIA values were obtained with bufadienolide-containing plants, while negative results were obtained with plants not known to contain cardiac glycosides. The FPIA has aided in the diagnosis of cardiac glycoside poisoning in livestock and game in 30 outbreaks examined at the Division of Toxicology, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute. Each outbreak is briefly described. As a result of this assay, a better understanding of cardiac glycoside poisoning has been reached.

scholarly journals Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cardiac glycosides.

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
AW Kelman ◽  
DJ Sumner ◽  
M Lonsdale ◽  
JR Lawrence ◽  
B Whiting
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics

scholarly journals Possibilities of symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinitis in children

2019 ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
D. A. Tulupov ◽  
Е. Р. Karpova
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
Leukotriene Receptor ◽  
High Level ◽  
First And Second Generation

This article presents an overview of current views on the problem of allergic rhinitis in children. Modern data on the epidemiology of allergic rhinitis and basic comorbid conditions are covered. The issue of patient routing with suspicion of allergic rhinitis and the main directions in the treatment of this disease is briefly discussed. On the basis of the data of the latest consensus papers, the role of various medication therapy for allergic rhinitis has been evaluated: first and second generation antihistamines, intranasal glucocorticosteroids, leukotriene receptor antagonists, and mast cell membrane stabilizers. Possibilities of symptomatic nasal obstruction therapy in case of allergic rhinitis with the help of nasal vasoconstrictor drugs (decongestants) have been assessed in more detail. The basics of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of decongestants are presented, as well as the data of a clinical study demonstrating the efficacy and safety of the combined preparation of phenylephrine and dimethindene maleate in the symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinitis in children. On the basis of the presented material it is concluded that timely diagnosis and further management of patients with allergic rhinitis in accordance with the principles reflected in modern clinical guidelines, in most cases, allow to effectively control the course of the disease, maintaining the quality of life of patients at a high level.

Detection of poisoning by plant-origin cardiac glycoside with the Abbott TDx analyzer.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Cheung ◽  
J A Hinds ◽  
P Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycoside ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Digoxin Concentration ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Competitive Nature ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Glycoside Poisoning

Abstract Cardiac glycoside poisoning caused by ingestion of plant material is common in tropical and sub-tropical areas. In evaluating the use of the Abbott TDx Digoxin II assay to detect such cases of poisoning, we found it a rapid and convenient method for confirming the ingestion of glycosides from the plants Nerium oleander, Thevetia peruviana, and Adonis microcarpa, and from the toad Bufo marinus. Here we report some clinical cases illustrating our experience with the use of this assay, and describe results of cross-reactivity studies with compounds structurally similar to digoxin. Because of the competitive nature of the immunoassay as well as the complexity of the mixture of cross-reacting cardiac glycosides present in the plant material, the measured apparent digoxin concentration is not linearly related to the cardiac glycoside concentration.

The aspects that describe the pre-clinical studies of aceclofenac, as an instrument of registration of a generic drug

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Anisimova ◽  
Natalia O. Selizarova ◽  
Grigory A. Plisko ◽  
Evgeny D. Semivelichenko ◽  
Svetlana M. Napalkova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽  
International Nonproprietary Name ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Search For Information ◽  
Suspension Preparation

The paper presents the aspects of the toxicity, specific activity, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of aceclofenac, given in various sources describing its preclinical studies. The search for information sources for the study was carried out using domestic and international databases: elibrary and PubMed using contextual queries, including terms of the international nonproprietary name, preclinical studies of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and animal species. Aceclofenac is one of the most prescribed drugs for acute and chronic pain. It refers to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, considered as drugs of first choice in the treatment of inflammation and pain. On the pharmaceutical market of the Russian Federation, aceclofenac is presented in the form of tablets, powder for suspension preparation, cream for external use, which allows it to be prescribed for various diseases. It has shown itself to be highly effective in the symptomatic treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, for the relief of acute and chronic pain. A review of preclinical studies materials cited in various literature sources and including aspects of studying the toxicity, specific activity, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of aceclofenac, in our opinion, will allow using the data obtained in our study as one of the tools for further registration of generics.

scholarly journals Recent Clinical and Experimental Advances in Atrial Fibrillation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Miyagawa ◽  
Taichi Sakaguchi ◽  
Hiroyuki Nishi ◽  
Yasushi Yoshikawa ◽  
Satsuki Fukushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Atrial Remodeling ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Atrial Myocytes ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical settings (Fuster et al., 2001), and it is often associated with congestive heart diseases (Issac et al., 2007). Many studies in both laboratory and clinical settings have sought to analyze the mechanisms of AF, develop treatments based on these mechanisms, and examine atrial remodeling in chronic AF. The aim of this paper is to analyze recent findings regarding the atrial remodeling that occurs in AF. In particular, we will describe the electrical and structural changes that involve atrial myocytes and the extracellular matrix. We will also describe the general classification and basic pathophysiology of AF and its surgical treatments.

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