Influence of non-nutritive sucking habits on anterior open bite

Aim: To evaluate the clinical behavior of sucking habits in children between 2 to 6 years old in a private (A1) and a public school (A2) in the state of Piauí. Methods: It was cross-sectional and quantitative study in 340 participants, 169 in A1 and 171 in A2. The researchers asked the children evaluated to keep their teeth occluded while analyzing whether there was no contact between the anterior teeth and no lip sealing, characterizing the anterior openbite for G1 or if there was contact between the incisors, with lip sealing, characterizing the control group (G2). Results: There was no statistically significant difference between groups regarding bottle feeding at main meals (χ2 = 3.03; p = 0.08). However, regarding the use of a pacifier, there was a statistically significant association (χ2 = 17.99; p <0.01) between pacifier use and the presence of anterior openbite. Such association was also observed between digital sucking habit and malocclusion (χ2 = 8.99; p = 0.01). Only the parents of the children with anterior openbite noticed the disharmony in the occlusion. It can be deduced that there was an awareness of parents /guardians about the disharmony generated by non-nutritive sucking habits. Conclusion: Nonnutritive sucking habits influenced the appearance of the anterior open bite in children with deciduous dentition. Nonnutritive sucking habits, such as digital sucking and pacifiers, are significantly associated with the presence of anterior open bite. Breastfeeding is important in preventing this malocclusion.

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The influence of sucking habits on occlusion development in the first 36 months

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1590/s2176-94512012000400019 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 96-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Edson Theodoro dos Santos Neto ◽

Adauto Emmerich Oliveira ◽

Rodrigo Walter Barbosa ◽

Eliana Zandonade ◽

Zilda Fagundes Lima Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Pearson Correlation ◽

Bottle Feeding ◽

Open Bite ◽

Dental Occlusion ◽

Deciduous Dentition ◽

Mandibular Growth ◽

Nutritive Sucking ◽

Maxillary Growth ◽

Pacifier Use

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify the influence of sucking habits on the occlusal characteristics of the deciduous dentition. METHODS: The initial sample consisted of 86 infants, aged 0 to 3 months. Seven home visits were performed, when and information on breastfeeding practice, nutritive and non-nutritive sucking habits, mouth breathing and dentition development was collected. From the first sample, impressions of the dental arches were obtained from 58 children at the age of 36 months (+2.51SD). Dental casts were obtained and two examiners, trained and calibrated by the Kappa and Pearson Correlation tests, measured several parameters of dental occlusion, such as arch length, depth, and width. RESULTS: The results showed that bottle feeding before 6 months was associated to an increased mandibular intermolar width (p=0.01). Pacifier use before 6 months was statistically associated to a reduction of the maxillary intercanine (p=0.03) and intermolar (p=0.03) width. In addition to these findings, the increased molar depth of the maxillary arch was associated to loss of lip closure before the age of 12 months (p= 0.03). CONCLUSION: According to these results, it could be concluded that sucking habits interfere with the determination of some deciduous occlusal characteristics: pacifier sucking limits lateral-lateral maxillary growth, bottle feeding favors lateral-lateral mandibular growth and open bite development, and the lack of lip closure favors the anteroposterior maxillary growth.

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Three-dimensional ultrasound evaluation of tongue posture and its impact on articulation disorders in preschool children with anterior open bite

Radiology and Oncology ◽

10.2478/raon-2018-0032 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 250-256

Author(s):

Sanda Lah Kravanja ◽

Irena Hocevar-Boltezar ◽

Maja Marolt Music ◽

Ana Jarc ◽

Ivan Verdenik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Clinical Assessment ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Open Bite ◽

Control Group ◽

Odds Ratios ◽

Functional Diagnostics ◽

Anterior Open Bite ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Articulation Disorders

Abstract Background Tongue posture plays an important role in the etiology of anterior open bite (AOB) and articulation disorders, and is crucial for AOB treatment planning and posttreatment stability. Clinical assessment of tongue posture in children is unreliable due to anatomical limitations. The aim of the study was to present functional diagnostics using three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) assessment of resting tongue posture in comparison to clinical assessment, and the associations between the improper tongue posture, otorhinolaryngological characteristics, and articulation disorders in preschool children with AOB. Patients and methods A cross-sectional study included 446 children, aged 3–7 years, 236 boys and 210 girls, examined by an orthodontist to detect the prevalence of AOB. The AOB was present in 32 children. The control group consisted of 43 children randomly selected from the participants with normocclusion. An orthodontist, an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist and a speech therapist assessed orofacial and ENT conditions, oral habits, and articulation disorders in the AOB group and control group. Tongue posture was also assessed by an experienced radiologist, using 3DUS. The 3DUS assessment of tongue posture was compared to the clinical assessment of orthodontist and ENT specialist. Results The prevalence of AOB was 7.2%. The AOB group and the control group significantly differed regarding improper tongue posture (p < 0.001), and articulation disorders (p < 0.001). In children without articulation disorders from both groups, the improper tongue posture occured less frequently than in children with articulation disorders (p < 0.001). After age adjustment, a statistical regression model showed that the children with the improper tongue posture had higher odds ratios for the presence of AOB (OR 14.63; p < 0.001) than the others. When articulation disorders were included in the model, these odds ratios for the AOB became insignificant (p = 0.177). There was a strong association between the improper tongue posture and articulation disorders (p = 0.002). The 3DUS detected the highest number of children with improper resting tongue posture, though there was no significant difference between the 3DUS and clinical assessments done by orthodontist and ENT specialist. Conclusions The 3DUS has proved to be an objective, non-invasive, radiation free method for the assessment of tongue posture and could become an important tool in functional diagnostics and early rehabilitation in preschool children with speech irregularities and irregular tongue posture and malocclusion in order to enable optimal conditions for articulation development.

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Anterior Open Bite and Speech Disorders in Children with Down Syndrome

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/092006-379rr.1 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 78 (2) ◽

pp. 221-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rubén López-Pérez ◽

S. Aida Borges-Yáñez ◽

Patricia López-Morales

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Speech Disorders ◽

Open Bite ◽

Control Group ◽

Anterior Open Bite ◽

Chi Square ◽

Children With Down Syndrome ◽

Mexican Children ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence and to determine if there is an association between anterior open bite and the presence of speech disorders in a group of Mexican children with Down syndrome (DS). Materials and Methods: The subjects were a group of Mexican children with Down syndrome (DG) and a control group (CG) of Mexican pediatric patients without disabilities matched by age. The children in both groups came from families having children with anterior open bite and children without it. A parental questionnaire, dental study casts, and a speech test were used to measure the studied variables. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test (χ2 test), and one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Tukey post hoc test. Results: Prevalence of anterior open bite was 31.6% in the DG and 22.8% in the CG. The total speech errors by omissions, substitutions, distortions, and additions indicated that there were significant differences between both groups (F = 31.68, P < .001). In general, no significant difference in speech disorders was observed between the DG and the CG regardless of the presence of anterior open bite. Conclusions: No association existed between speech disorders and anterior open bite in the samples studied.

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Change of the upper airway after mandibular setback surgery in patients with mandibular prognathism and anterior open bite

Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ◽

10.1186/s40902-019-0230-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kyungjin Lee ◽

Soon Jung Hwang

Keyword(s):

Hyoid Bone ◽

Vertical Displacement ◽

Cross Sectional Area ◽

Open Bite ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Anterior Open Bite ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mandibular Prognathism ◽

Mandibular Setback ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Purpose It has been reported before that the amount of pharyngeal airway space (PAS) significantly decreases following mandibular setback (MS) surgery in patients with mandibular prognathism (MP). Further, MP patients with an anterior open-bite (AOB) presentation may show a larger decrease in PAS compared with those without AOB. However, studies on postoperative PAS changes in MP patients with AOB remain rare. This study sought to evaluate changes in PAS and hyoid bone positioning following MS surgery in MP patients with and without AOB. Patients and methods Twenty patients who underwent two jaw surgery involving MS movement were included. Patients were divided into a non-AOB group (n = 10; overbite > 2 mm) and an AOB group (n = 10; overbite < − 4 mm). Three-dimensional changes in PAS and hyoid bone positioning were compared and statistically evaluated pre- and postoperatively using computed tomography (CT). Results The mean magnitude of MS was 6.0 ± 2.8 mm and 5.6 ± 3.2 mm in the non-AOB group and AOB group, respectively. The oropharyngeal volume and upper hypopharyngeal volume were significantly reduced after surgery in both the groups (p = 0.006 and p = 0.003), while the retroglossal cross-sectional area was significantly reduced only in the AOB group (p = 0.028). Although the AOB group showed a larger decrease in PAS, the difference was not statistically significant between the groups. The position of the hyoid bone showed significant posterior and inferior displacement only in the AOB group, while the vertical displacement of the hyoid bone showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion PAS was significantly decreased after MS in both the groups, while only the AOB group presented a statistically significant reduction in the retroglossal cross-sectional area. Vertical displacement of the hyoid bone showed a statistically significant difference between the groups, while the PAS change was not. Surgeons should be aware of potential postoperative airway problems that may arise when performing MS surgeries.

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Effects of breastfeeding and sucking habits on malocclusion in a birth cohort study

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0034-89102007000300004 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 343-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Karen Glazer Peres ◽

Aluísio J D Barros ◽

Marco Aurélio Peres ◽

César Gomes Victora

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Open Bite ◽

Mixed Dentition ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Anterior Open Bite ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nutritive Sucking

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of malocclusion and to examine the effects of breastfeeding and non-nutritive sucking habits on dentition in six-year-old children. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out nested into a birth cohort conducted in Pelotas, Southern Brazil, in 1999. A sample of 359 children was dentally examined and their mothers interviewed. Anterior open bite and posterior cross bite were recorded using the Foster & Hamilton criteria. Information regarding breastfeeding and non-nutritive sucking habits was collected at birth, in the first, third, sixth and 12th months of life, and at six years of age. Control variables included maternal schooling and child's birthweight, cephalic perimeter, and sex. Data were analyzed by Poisson regression. RESULTS: Prevalence of anterior open bite was 46.2%, and that of posterior cross bite was 18.2%. Non-nutritive sucking habits between 12 months and four years of age and digital sucking at age six years were the main risk factors for anterior open bite. Breastfeeding for less than nine months and regular use of pacifier between age 12 months and four years were risk factors for posterior cross bite. Interaction between duration of breastfeeding and the use of pacifier was identified for posterior cross bite. CONCLUSIONS: Given that breastfeeding is a protective factor for other diseases of infancy, our findings indicate that the common risks approach is the most appropriate for the prevention of posterior cross bite in primary or initial mixed dentition.

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Parental Reported Bullying among Saudi Schoolchildren: Its Forms, Effect on Academic Abilities, and Associated Sociodemographic, Physical, and Dentofacial Features

International Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1155/2020/8899320 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Raghad S. Alabdulrazaq ◽

Sanaa N. Al-Haj Ali

Keyword(s):

School Attendance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Open Bite ◽

Health Concern ◽

Anterior Open Bite ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Academic Abilities ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Physical Form

Context. Bullying among schoolchildren is a serious phenomenon and a leading health concern. Aim. To determine the prevalence of bullying, its forms, and its effect on academic abilities and school attendance, as well as associated sociodemographic, physical, and dentofacial features among Saudi schoolchildren. Methods. This cross-sectional study recruited a sample of 1131 parents of schoolchildren 8-18 years old and requested them to complete internationally accepted questionnaires for their children. Chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data (p<0.05). Results. A majority (89.2%) of schoolchildren were bully victims. Physical bullying (48.9%) was the most common form of bullying. The youngest schoolchildren (8-11 years) and those who disliked school classes or neither liked nor hated them, as well as those who were truant from school, were more likely to be victims. In addition, those who had worse grades because of bullying and those who were very often bullied because of good grades or because they showed an interest in school were more likely to be victims. With regard to targeted physical features, teeth were the number one target, followed by the shape of the lips and strength, while tooth shape and color were the most common dentofacial targets, followed by anterior open bite and protruded anterior teeth. Boys and the youngest schoolchildren were more often subjected to bullying because of these features (p<0.05). Conclusions. The prevalence of bullying, mainly in a physical form, was high among Saudi schoolchildren, with a negative influence on students’ academic abilities. Problems related to teeth, in particular, which can be treated, were targets, mainly for boys and the youngest schoolchildren. More studies are required in Saudi Arabia to explore the issue further among schoolchildren themselves.

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Skeletal morphologic features of Anterior Open Bite Malocclusionamongst black patients visiting the Medunsa oral health centre

South African Dental Journal ◽

10.17159/2519-0105/2020/v75no8a2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 (8) ◽

pp. 425-431

Author(s):

Ntokozo P Sithole ◽

Mohamed I Khan ◽

Mosimane PS Sethusa

Keyword(s):

Black People ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Health Centre ◽

Open Bite ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Class I ◽

Control Group ◽

Class Iii ◽

Anterior Open Bite ◽

Anterior Teeth

INTRODUCTION: Anterior open bite (AOB) malocclusion presents as lack of vertical overlap of anterior teeth. It is viewed to be unaesthetic and may affect speech and mastication It develops due to the interaction of hereditary and environmental etiological factors and these usually affect the vertical growth of the face. This study describes the vertical changes of South African black people presenting with AOB. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim was to determine skeletal morphological features of patients with AOB malocclusion. DESIGN: The design was a retrospective, cross-sectional study. MATERIALS: Archived pre-treatment lateral cephalographs of 181 patients who consulted between 2007 and 2014 were divided into four groups: control group of 62 patients with skeletal Class I pattern without AOB; test groups of patients with AOB (119) divided into 35 Class I, 43 Class II, and 41 Class III malocclusions. Records of each group were divided according to gender. Descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test and. Wilcoxon test were employed to analyze the data, and p values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Patients with AOB had a larger vertical facial pattern in all classes of malocclusion. Males presented with larger Sn-GoGn angles than females. The PFH/AFH ratio was lower across all classes of malocclusion compared to the control group.

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The effects of thumb sucking habit on the development of malocclusions in preschool age children in Hilla city

Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry ◽

10.26477/jbcd.v31i3.2700 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 44-49

Author(s):

Saba M Al-kinane ◽

Zainab A. Al-Dahan

Keyword(s):

Preschool Age ◽

Open Bite ◽

Facial Growth ◽

Deciduous Dentition ◽

Anterior Open Bite ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Subject ◽

Thumb Sucking ◽

And Gender ◽

Using Data

Background: habit is any purposeless action repeated unconsciously. It is a sign of lack of harmony between the subject and the surrounding environment. Deleterious oral habits such as finger sucking could be one of the etiological factors for altered oro-facial growth development. This study conducted to explore the association between finger sucking habit and malocclusion in deciduous dentition. Materials and method: Totally 40 chronic thumb sucker and 40 controls matching in age and gender were enrolled in the study. A study conducted by verifying different occlusal trait through the intra-oral examination. Thumb sucking habit diagnosed using data gathered from parents. Results: The statistical analysis showed a highly significant difference (p>0.01) in the occurrence of anterior open bite, increased over jet between study and controls, in addition to that thumb sucking habit increased the likelihood of development of anterior open bite, increased overjet and posterior cross bite by 39 folds, 40 folds and 3 folds respectively. Conclusions: Thumb sucking habit found to be a risk factor for the development of anterior open bite and increased overjet.

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Evaluation of the influence of malocclusion in interpersonal relations among adolescents

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2020.v23i1.1799 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ana de Lourdes Sá De Lira ◽

Francisco Dário Carvalho de Sousa

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Interpersonal Relations ◽

Class Ii ◽

Open Bite ◽

Control Group ◽

Anterior Open Bite ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male And Female ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

Dental Crowding

Aim: To evaluate the influence of malocclusion on interpersonal relationships among adolescents. Method: A cross-sectional, quantitative study was carried out with 360 students. Photographs of male and female mouth with malocclusions were manipulated and superimposed on the smile images of two individuals of both genders with normal occlusion (corresponding to the control group, GC) respectively, for assembly of 4 malocclusions: (1) anterior open bite, ( 2) anterior crossbite (3) dental crowding , and (4) Class II, in this order. These images were provided to the participants, who evaluated them through a questionnaire. Results: The less attractive malocclusion was dental crowding. For both flirting and maintaining a serious relationship the previous open bite was the most rejected, with Class II being the most acceptable. Conclusion: For adolescents, dental crowding is the most appropriate malocclusion to be corrected orthodontically. Malocclusions negatively influence the development of interpersonal relationships among adolescents.KEYWORDSAdolescent; Malocclusion; Interpersonal relationships.

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