scholarly journals Analysis of Extent of Organic Waste Use in Urban Agriculture in Enugu State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Ndubuisi N. Offie ◽  
Anselm A. Enete
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Urban Farming ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Formal School

Addition of organic manure to soils improves soil texture, structure and condition (aeration and temperatures) of the soil. Regardless of the importance of organic manure, organic wastes are carelessly dumped at dumpsites and on the streets, with government of the day, showing a lack of capacity to contain them. This underutilized resource can be utilized in urban farming, resulting in the reduction of the ever increasing waste volumes carelessly dumped on the streets by urban households. This paper was aimed at ascertaining the extent of organic waste (manure) use in urban farming and also determine the factors affecting extent of organic waste use in urban farming. Data were collected from Enugu and Nsukka urban centres, Nigeria. From the two centres, 120 household heads that use organic waste in urban farming were randomly selected and used in the study. The results show that extent of organic waste use (poultry and pig manure) was high; indicating that biodegradable organic waste from dumpsites can equally be used in farming, if they are sorted and bagged. Factors that affected extent of organic waste use in urban farming include household heads’ number of years spent in formal school, farming experience, gender, occupation, age, income level and farm size. Other factors include price of organic manure, price of chemical fertilizers and availability of organic manure. The results of this study underscore the need for government to explore various cost-effective ways of treating wastes, so that farmers can use wastes from dumpsites more in their farm productions.

scholarly journals Natural and Socio-economics Factors Affecting the Household Food Security in Rural Area of Paktia Province, Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Wali Khan Ahmadzai ◽  
Hussain Gul Aryobi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Household Heads

This study aimed to explore the factors affecting food security in the rural area of Paktia province, Afghanistan. The study was based on household-level data collected from rural areas of all districts of the province. The data were collected from randomly selected 154 households. The respondents were both males and females. A face-to-face interview with a structured questionnaire was done with both male and female household heads. The study recorded 59.1% of households were food insecure, and on average, 48.1% of the household had poor food consumption, while, 38.3% had borderline and 13.6% had acceptable food consumption. Study also calculated food consumption scores and examined the correlation between different factors determining food security. The regression result showed lower-income, farm size, household size, flood, food price, and internal displacement factors determined the food insecurity.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Perspective about Organic Manure Production and Utilization in Dakshina Kannada, India.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Dukuziyaturemye ◽  
Celestin Banamwana ◽  
Prashantha Naik
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

The perception and utilization of organic manure have all along been critical, due to the socioeconomic and demographic factors among farmers of  different parts of the world including India. A study aimed to explore factors affecting farmer’s perception about organic manure production and its  utilization in Dakshina Kannada. A questionnaire-based survey was used to collect data from farmers and bears quantitative data. This data shows that the 3.2% of farmers adopted farming activities for more than 30 years, and the experience acquired has influenced the knowledge and perceptions on utilization of organic manure. It was found that 86% of males and females positively enjoyed producing organic manure, while 14% had a negative attitude towards the practice. The core factor influencing farmers to produce organic manure from municipal solid wastes was high yield/crop production which accounted for 16.1% of all respondents. The study indicates that the attitude and willingness to use organic manure from organic waste were high among the farmers of Dakshina Kannada, India. Therefore, an approach that can get the farmers involved in organic manure production using organic wastes could be implemented to inform good practices. Keywords: Wastes, agriculture, attitude, fertilizer, wastes management, small farmers

scholarly journals Volatile Fatty Acid Production from Organic Waste with the Emphasis on Membrane-Based Recovery

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Prawat Sukphun ◽  
Sureewan Sittijunda ◽  
Alissara Reungsang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Acidogenic Fermentation ◽  
Recovery Techniques ◽  
Biotechnological Processes

In recent years, interest in the biorefinery concept has emerged in the utilization of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced by acidogenic fermentation as precursors for various biotechnological processes. This has attracted substantial attention to VFA production from low-cost substrates such as organic waste and membrane based VFA recovery techniques to achieve cost-effective and environmentally friendly processes. However, there are few reviews which emphasize the acidogenic fermentation of organic waste into VFAs, and VFA recovery. Therefore, this article comprehensively summarizes VFA production, the factors affecting VFA production, and VFA recovery strategies using membrane-based techniques. Additionally, the outlook for future research on VFA production is discussed.

scholarly journals An analysis of the profitability and choice of metropolitan waste-use in urban agriculture of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 269-275
Author(s):  
C.J. Arene ◽  
G.I.O. ta
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Planting Materials

The study attempts to analyse the profitability of urban agriculture using metropolitan organic waste in Abuja, the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria. The results show that the enterprise is profitable, and that output price is the most important determinant of the maximum variable profit. Other price factors, specifically planting materials, labour, and metropolitan waste (organic manure), account for less. Further analysis shows that level of education, age of farmers, per capita farm income, and household size are important determinants of choice of urban agriculture for food security and improvement of environmental quality. The chances of farmers willing to pay for urban agriculture will increase when their level of education and per capita income increase, while the chances of not willing to pay for such venture will increase when their ages and household size increase. The creation of more market outlets for urban produced foods is recommended, among others.

Urban pollution control strategy: SBR technology to treat agricultural waste from pig farm in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Lindawati Lindawati
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Piggery Wastewater ◽  
Pig Farm ◽  
Number Of Customers

Reduction of food rations and shortages is one of the impacts of the increasing human population. Food sector industries then try to cope with the fast growing number of customers. Agribusiness sector gains its popularity in these recent years, including pig farm. The increase trend of animal farming industry is likely to bring increasing pollution problem unless effective treatment methods are used. The main problems related to the pig farm include odor nuisance and pig manure disposal. The existing land application of piggery wastewater is the traditional way to discharge the wastewater. This may yield in land and water contamination, due to the accumulation of unused nutrients by crop plant. A case study of a large commercial pig farm from Australia is proposed to apply in smaller scale in Indonesia. Operational strategies for the small-scale SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor) treating piggery effluent were developed based on lab-scale experiments. Due to SBR characteristics, which are money-saving and space-saving, it is very suitable to be applied in urban area. An economic evaluation was made of various process options. The cost estimation showed that SBR is a cost effective process, allowing operational batches to be adjusted to reduce unnecessary aeration cost. A reduction in the aeration cost was achieved by shortening the batch time from 24-h to 8-h. A comparison of three different SBR options showed that smaller size reactors could be more flexible and cost effective when compared with the larger ones.

scholarly journals Analyzing Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Land Management Practices in Mecha Woreda, Northwestern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7007
Author(s):  
Habtamu Nebere ◽  
Degefa Tolossa ◽  
Amare Bantider
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
The Impact

In Ethiopia, the practice of land management started three decades ago in order to address the problem of land degradation and to further boost agricultural production. However, the impact of land management practices in curbing land degradation problems and improving the productivity of the agricultural sector is insignificant. Various empirical works have previously identified the determinants of the adoption rate of land management practices. However, the sustainability of land management practices after adoption, and the various factors that control the sustainability of implemented land management practices, are not well addressed. This study analyzed the factors affecting the sustainability of land management practices after implementation in Mecha Woreda, northwestern Ethiopia. The study used 378 sample respondents, selected by a systematic random sampling technique. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the quantitative data, while the qualitative data were qualitatively and concurrently analyzed with the quantitative data. The sustained supply of fodder from the implemented land management practices, as well as improved cattle breed, increases the sustainability of the implemented land management practices. While lack of agreement in the community, lack of enforcing community bylaws, open cattle grazing, lack of benefits of implemented land management practices, acting as barrier for farming practices, poor participation of household heads during planning and decision-making processes, as well as the lack of short-term benefits, reduce the sustainability of the implemented land management practices. Thus, it is better to allow for the full participation of household heads in planning and decision-making processes to bring practical and visible results in land management practices. In addition, recognizing short-term benefits to compensate the land lost in constructing land management structures must be the strategy in land management practices. Finally, reducing the number of cattle and practicing stall feeding is helpful both for the sustainability of land management practices and the productivity of cattle. In line with this, fast-growing fodder grass species have to be introduced for household heads to grow on land management structures and communal grazing fields for stall feeding.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Adaptation to Climate Change through Agroforestry in Kenya

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Kevin Pello ◽  
Cedric Okinda ◽  
Aijun Liu ◽  
Tim Njagi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Agroforestry Technology ◽  
Agroforestry Technologies

The environmental effects of climate change have significantly decreased agricultural productivity. Agroforestry technologies have been applied as a solution to promote sustainable agricultural systems. This study evaluates the factors influencing the adoption of agroforestry technology in Kenya. A multistage sampling technique was employed to collect data from 239 households in West Pokot County, Kenya. A Probit model and K-means algorithm were used to analyze the factors affecting farmers’ agroforestry technology adoption decisions based on the sampled households’ socio-economic, demographic, and farm characteristics. The study found that the total yield for maize crop, farm size, extension frequency, off-farm income, access to training, access to credit, access to transport facilities, group membership, access to market, gender, distance to nearest trading center, and household education level had significant effects on the adoption of agroforestry technologies. The findings of this study are important in informing policy formulation and implementation that promotes agroforestry technologies adoption.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Lut Desert Tourism in Iran: Developing an Interpretive-Structural Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7245
Author(s):  
Beniamino Murgante ◽  
Mohammad Eskandari Sani ◽  
Sara Pishgahi ◽  
Moslem Zarghamfard ◽  
Fatemeh Kahaki
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Structural Modeling ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modeling ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Interpretive Structural Model ◽  
Lut Desert

The Lut desert is one of the largest and most attractive deserts in Iran. The value of desert tourism remains unclear for Iran’s economy and has only recently been taken into consideration by the authorities, although its true national and international value remains unclear. This study was aimed at investigating the factors that influence tourism development in the Lut desert. Data collected through the purposive sampling method was analyzed using Interpretive Structural Modeling and the MICMAC Analysis. According to the results, cost-effective travel expenses, security, and safety provided in the desert, together with appropriate media advertising and illustration of the Lut desert (branding) are the leading factors that influence tourism in the Lut desert in Iran. This paper highlighted the importance of desert tourism, especially in this region.

Cultivating biological and cultural diversity: urban farming in Casamance, Senegal

Africa ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga F. Linares
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
West African ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Biological Complexity ◽  
Urban Farming ◽  
Household Economies ◽  
City Environment ◽  
The City

AbstractAt the present time, urban agriculture—that is, the growing of food crops in backyard gardens, unused city spaces and peripheral zones—is an economically viable alternative for many African migrants. Although previously ‘invisible’ to most developers and economists, urban farming is now recognised as playing a crucial subsistence role in the household economies of lower-income people living in major West African cities. But the practice does more than feed the urban poor. Using the example of Ziguinchor in Casamance, Senegal, it is argued that growing crops in peri-urban and intra-urban zones, on otherwise neglected or half-built-up land, also protects and enriches the city environment while increasing the primary productivity of the inhabitants. Directly, or in more subtle ways, the practice strengthens bonds of friendship, and promotes inter-ethnic co-operation while at the same time helping to maintain biological complexity in interesting and previously unexplored ways. City farming may provide a context through which the urban poor can relate to debates about biodiversity.

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