Effectiveness of The Newborn Behavioral Observation (NBO) System in Improving Mother and Infant Interaction

The interaction of mother and infant is a fundamental basis for the development of the infant. It can also determine the success of the baby in the future. About 4 out of 10 infants experience problems interacting with their parents. The NBO system was created to sensitize parents on their infant’s competencies to help them understand their infant’s behavior, and promote positive interactions between parents and their new infant. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the NBO system to improve mother-infant interactions and find out the mothers’ knowledge about their infant’s behavior when participating in this observation. This study was a cross-sectional study consisting of all the newborns and their mothers admitted to the Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya from May 2019 to January 2020 who met the inclusion criteria. Mothers and infants participated in the NBO within 1-3 days after delivering their infants and one month postpartum for the second NBO. The NBO was carried out with 35 mothers and infants. The mothers’ age was on average 28.5±5.98 years old, multiparous mothers accounted for 71.4%, most infants were male (65.7%), the median gestational age was 38 weeks with the median birth weight 2900 grams. The median score of mothers’ knowledge about their infants before the NBO session was 2 (1-6). After the session, these median scores increased to 7 (5–10) significantly (p<0.001). The NBO system was significant to strengthen mother-infant interaction and increased the mothers’ knowledge about their infants’ behavior.

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Mean Placental Birth Weight Ratio at Term in Primigravidae

10.53350/pjmhs2115113496 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. 3496-3498

Author(s):

Nazia Muneer ◽

Shamaila Shamaun ◽

Afshan Shahid ◽

Riffat Jaleel ◽

Mehreen Iqbal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Operational Definition ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Placental Weight ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean

Objective: To determine the mean placental birth weight ratio at term in primigravidae Study design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Civil Hospital Karachi, duration was six months after the approval of synopsis from 1st January 2016 to 30th June 2016 Subjects and Methods: A total of pregnant women who fulfill the inclusion criteria were included in this study. After delivery, baby was weighed by using weight machine and weight of baby was also noted (as per operational definition). After expulsion of complete placenta, placental weight was measured by using weight machine. The placental-birth weight ratio (PBWR) were calculated as ratio of placental weight to neonatal weight multiplied by 100. Results: Mean ± SD of maternal age was 24.77±4.04 with C.I (24.11----25.42) years. Mean ± SD of placental weight was 505.84±99.97 with C.I (489.71----521.97) grams. Out of 150 neonatal babies 101 (67.3%) were male and 49 (32.7%) were female. Mean placental birth weight ratio was found to be 16.82±2.63 with C.I (16.39----17.24). Conclusion: It is to be concluded that placental weight increased according to the birth weight. The placental weight to birth weight ratio decreased slightly with advancing gestational age. Keywords: Placental weight, Birth weight ratio, Labour at term, Primigravidae

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Comparison of Heffner Criteria and Light Criteria in Differentiating Exudative and Transudative Pleural Effusion

Nepal Medical College Journal ◽

10.3126/nmcj.v22i3.32638 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 141-145

Author(s):

Krishna Chandra Devkota ◽

S Hamal ◽

PP Panta

Keyword(s):

Pleural Effusion ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Pleural Space ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

The Common ◽

The Mean ◽

Exudative Pleural Effusion

Pleural effusion is present when there is >15ml of fluid is accumulated in the pleural space. It can be divided into two types; exudative and transudative pleural effusion. Tuberculosis and parapneumonic effusion are the common cause of exudative pleural effusion whereas heart failure accounts for most of the cases of transudative pleural effusion. This study was a hospital based cross sectional study performed at Nepal Medical College during the period of January 2016-December 2016. A total of 50 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Pleural effusion was confirmed by clinical examination and radiology. After confirmation of pleural effusion, pleural fluid was aspirated and was analysed for protein, LDH, cholesterol. The Heffner criteria was compared with Light criteria to classify exudative or transudative pleural effusion. Among 50 patients, 30 were male and 20 were female. The mean age of patient was 45.4±21.85 years. The sensitivity and specificity of using Light criteria to detect the two type of pleural effusion was 100% and 90.9%, whereas using Heffner criteria was 94.87%, 100% respectively(P<0.01). There are variety of causes for development of pleural effusion and no one criteria is definite to differentiate between exudative or transudative effusion. In this study Light criteria was more sensitive whereas Heffner criteria was more specific to classify exudative pleural effusion. Hence a combination of criteria might be useful in case where there is difficulty to identify the cause of pleural effusion.

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Assessment of Saudi Parents’ Beliefs and Behaviors towards Management of Child Fever in Saudi Arabia—A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105217 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5217

Author(s):

Mohamed N. Al Arifi ◽

Abdulrahman Alwhaibi

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Side Effects ◽

Febrile Seizures ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Electronic Thermometer ◽

And Behavior

Objective: Fever alone can lead to rare serious complications in children, such as febrile seizures. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, beliefs, and behavior of parents toward fever and its management. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire was applied over a period of 3 months, from January to March 2018, to parents who were living in Saudi Arabia. The inclusion criteria were a parent who is a resident of Saudi Arabia, with at least one child aged 6 years or less, while incomplete questionnaires, having a child aged more than 6 years, or parents who were not living in Saudi Arabia were excluded. Results: A total of 656 parents completed the questionnaire. More than two-thirds of the subjects were female, the majority of whom were aged between 25–33 years old. The best-reported place to measure the temperature of children was the armpit (46%), followed by the ear (28%) and the mouth (10.7%). More than half of the parents considered their children feverish at a temperature of 38 °C. The majority of parents (79.7%) reported that the most serious side effects of fever were seizure, brain damage (39.3%), coma (29.9%), dehydration (29.7%), and death (25%). The most common method used to measure a child’s temperature was an electronic thermometer (62.3%). The most common antipyretic was paracetamol (84.5%). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the good knowledge of parents in identifying a feverish temperature using the recommended route and tools for measuring body temperature.

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Violence Against Women During COVID-19 Pandemic

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260521997953 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088626052199795

Author(s):

Marwan Akel ◽

Jana Berro ◽

Clara Rahme ◽

Chadia Haddad ◽

Sahar Obeid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Violence Against Women ◽

Married Couples ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Living Together ◽

Stress Score

The objectives of this study were to correlate several factors - including depression, anxiety, stress and self-esteem levels in both men and women - with the occurrence of domestic violence against women (VAW) during quarantine. This cross-sectional study was carried out in April 2020, in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic when lockdown procedures were implemented; 86 married couples participated in this study amounting to 172 responses in total. A different questionnaire was set for women and men; the couple filled out their respective questionnaire simultaneously, but privately where one did not see the answers of the other. Inclusion criteria included married couples of all ages that are living together during the lockdown of COVID-19. The results of this study showed that a higher total abuse score was found in 39 females (45.3%; CI: 0.34 - 0.56). Being a Muslim female (Beta =24.80) and females having higher anxiety (Beta=0.97) were significantly associated with higher total abuse scores, whereas higher stress score in female (Beta=-0.61) was significantly associated with lower total abuse scores. In conclusion, this study focuses on VAW as a serious problem while demonstrating its further emergence during quarantine. This study also focused on the effects brought on by lockdown policies, including social and economic factors, and their implications in the increase of VAW during this pandemic.

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The Prevalence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Associated Factors Among Enteral Fed Preterm and Low Birth Weight Neonates Admitted in Selected Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study

Global Pediatric Health ◽

10.1177/2333794x211019695 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 2333794X2110196

Author(s):

Sitotaw Molla Mekonnen ◽

Daniel Mengistu Bekele ◽

Fikrtemariam Abebe Fenta ◽

Addisu Dabi Wake

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains to be the most critical and frequent gastrointestinal disorder understood in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). The presented study was intended to assess the prevalence of NEC and associated factors among enteral Fed preterm and low birth weight neonates. Institution based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 350 enteral Fed preterm and low birth weight neonates who were admitted at selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa from March 25/2020 to May 10/2020. The data were collected through neonates’ medical record chart review. A total of 350 participants were enrolled in to the study with the response rate of 99.43%. One hundred eighty-four (52.6%) of them were male. The majority 123 (35.1%) of them were (32 + 1 to 34) weeks gestational age. The prevalence of NEC was (25.4%) (n = 89, [95% CI; 21.1, 30.0]). Being ≤28 weeks gestational age (AOR = 3.94, 95% CI [2.67, 9.97]), being (28 + 1 to 32 weeks) gestational age (AOR = 3.65, 95% CI [2.21, 8.31]), birth weight of 1000 to 1499 g (AOR = 2.29, 95% CI [1.22, 4.33]), APGAR score ≤3 (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI [1.32, 4.16]), prolonged labor (AOR = 2.21, 95% CI [1.35, 6.38]), maternal chronic disease particularly hypertension (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI [1.70, 5.90]), chorioamnionitis (AOR = 4.8, 95% CI [3.9, 13]), failure to breath/resuscitated (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI [1.7, 4.4]), CPAP ventilation (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI [1.50, 12.70]), mixed milk (AOR = 3.58, 95% CI [2.16, 9.32]) were factors significantly associated with NEC. Finally, the prevalence of NEC in the study area was high. So that, initiating the programs that could minimize this problem is required to avoid the substantial morbidity and mortality associated with NEC.

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Inadequate Gestational Weight Gain and Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke during Pregnancy Increase the Risk of Low Birth Weight: A Cross-Sectional Study among Full-Term Infants

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18031068 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 1068

Author(s):

Muliana Edi ◽

Yit Chin ◽

Fui Woon ◽

Geeta Appannah ◽

Poh Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Medical Records ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Second Hand Smoke ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Shs Exposure ◽

At Home

Despite the advancement of the healthcare system, low birth weight (LBW) remains as one of the leading causes of under-five mortality. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of LBW and its associated factors among 483 third trimester pregnant women recruited from six selected public health clinics in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Pregnant women were interviewed for information on socio-demographic characteristics, smoking behaviour, and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure at home and in the workplace. Information on the obstetrical history and prenatal care visits history were retrieved from the maternal medical records, while infant’s birth outcomes were retrieved from infant medical records. The prevalence of LBW (<2.5 kg) in infants was 10.4%, with a mean birth weight of 3.0 [standard deviation (SD) 0.4] kg. Results from the multivariable logistic regression model showed that inadequate weight gained during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) = 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.18–4.90] and exposure to SHS at home (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.03–3.55) were significantly associated with LBW. In conclusion, pregnant women should monitor their rate of weight gain throughout pregnancy and avoid SHS exposure at home to reduce the risk of delivering LBW infants.

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Poor maternal anthropometric characteristics and newborns' birth weight and length: a cross-sectional study in Benin

International Health ◽

10.1093/inthealth/ihy056 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 71-77

Author(s):

Sètondji G R Padonou ◽

Badirou Aguemon ◽

Gilles M A Bognon ◽

Nicole E Houessou ◽

Georgia Damien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Anthropometric Characteristics

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A cross-sectional study of glucose regulation in young adults with very low birth weight: impact of male gender on hyperglycaemia

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000327 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. e000327 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ryosuke Sato ◽

Hiroshi Watanabe ◽

Kenji Shirai ◽

Shigeru Ohki ◽

Rieko Genma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Male Gender ◽

Glucose Regulation ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Weight Impact

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Nutrition menu labelling in Terengganu: a cross-sectional study of knowledge, attitudes, perception and their relationship with healthy food choices

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.4(5).138 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 1573-1581

Author(s):

Marina M. ◽

Asma' A. ◽

S.N.A. Jaafar ◽

Abdul Wahab M.R. ◽

Wan Zainal Shukri W.H.

Keyword(s):

Positive Attitude ◽

Food Choices ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Food ◽

Median Score ◽

Consumer Knowledge ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nutrition Labelling ◽

Significant Relationships

Nutrition menu labelling has been implemented in a number of restaurants in Malaysia. However, no known empirical research has focused on assessing the knowledge, attitude and perception (KAP) of nutrition menu labelling among consumers. Therefore, this cross -sectional study was conducted with 155 consumers (age 18 and above) from several selected cafeterias that were equipped with menu nutrition labelling to determine their KAP. Questionnaires consisting of socio-demographic, knowledge, attitude and perception of consumers on menu nutrition labelling, and consumers’ healthy food choices were given to the respondents through a self-administrated approach. The data collected were analysed using SPSS 21. The results show that respondent knowledge was predominantly moderate (54.8%), with a median score of 12 out of 25. Both the attitudes (87.1%) and perceptions (85.2%) of the respondents were mainly positive towards nutrition menu labelling. Attitude (r=0.547, p=0.001) and perception (r=0.539, p=0.001) had positive significant relationships towards healthy food choices among the respondents at p<0.05. In conclusion, most consumers have a positive attitude and perception of nutrition menu labelling and may significantly influence towards healthy food choices. Further strategies are needed to increase consumer knowledge of nutrition menu labelling to promote greater usage of this information among Malaysian consumers.

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Association of Maternal Hemoglobin and Birth Weight at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Kathmandu

Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ◽

10.3126/njog.v11i2.17455 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 20-23

Author(s):

Safiur Rahman Ansari ◽

Gehanath Baral

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Strong Correlation ◽

Neonatal Death ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Aims: To examine the association between maternal hemoglobin with birth weight.Methods: Cross sectional study of obstetrics database at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital. Hospital delivery of over 18 years of age women tested for Pearson correlation using SPSS-17.Results: Total of 2085 cases analyzed. There was mean hemoglobin value of 12.05 ± 1.30 (95% CI=11.992-12.103) g/dL and no any significant impact on mode of delivery (p=0.15) and neonatal death (p=0.736). There was a small but a significant correlation (p<0.01) of maternal age with hemoglobin (r = 0.106) and birth weight (r = 0.093); but a very small negative correlation between maternal hemoglobin and birth weight.Conclusions: Optimal maternal hemoglobin during labor rules out any strong correlation with birth weight.

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