Mean Placental Birth Weight Ratio at Term in Primigravidae

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3496-3498
Author(s):  
Nazia Muneer ◽  
Shamaila Shamaun ◽  
Afshan Shahid ◽  
Riffat Jaleel ◽  
Mehreen Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To determine the mean placental birth weight ratio at term in primigravidae Study design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Civil Hospital Karachi, duration was six months after the approval of synopsis from 1st January 2016 to 30th June 2016 Subjects and Methods: A total of pregnant women who fulfill the inclusion criteria were included in this study. After delivery, baby was weighed by using weight machine and weight of baby was also noted (as per operational definition). After expulsion of complete placenta, placental weight was measured by using weight machine. The placental-birth weight ratio (PBWR) were calculated as ratio of placental weight to neonatal weight multiplied by 100. Results: Mean ± SD of maternal age was 24.77±4.04 with C.I (24.11----25.42) years. Mean ± SD of placental weight was 505.84±99.97 with C.I (489.71----521.97) grams. Out of 150 neonatal babies 101 (67.3%) were male and 49 (32.7%) were female. Mean placental birth weight ratio was found to be 16.82±2.63 with C.I (16.39----17.24). Conclusion: It is to be concluded that placental weight increased according to the birth weight. The placental weight to birth weight ratio decreased slightly with advancing gestational age. Keywords: Placental weight, Birth weight ratio, Labour at term, Primigravidae

scholarly journals Maternal and Cord Blood Hemoglobin as Determinants of Placental Weight: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Ferrante S. Gragasin ◽  
Maria B. Ospina ◽  
Jesus Serrano-Lomelin ◽  
Su Hwan Kim ◽  
Matthew Kokotilo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Hemoglobin ◽  
Elective Cesarean

Background: Both high and low placental weights are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Maternal hemoglobin levels can influence placental weight, but the evidence is conflicting. Since maternal hemoglobin does not invariably correlate with fetal/neonatal blood hemoglobin levels, we sought to determine whether cord blood hemoglobin or maternal hemoglobin status more closely associates with placental weight in women undergoing elective cesarean section at term. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Canada, involving 202 women with term singleton pregnancies undergoing elective cesarean section. Maternal blood and mixed cord blood hemoglobin levels were analyzed using a HemoCue Hb201+ system. Birth weight, placental weight, one- and five-minute APGAR scores, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical state classification, maternal age, and maternal height were also recorded. Relationships between maternal and cord blood hemoglobin levels with placental weight, birth weight, and birth weight to placental weight ratio were the main outcome measures. Results: A total of 182 subjects were included in the analysis. Regression analysis showed that cord blood hemoglobin, but not maternal hemoglobin, was inversely related with placental weight (β = −2.4, p = 0.001) and positively related with the birth weight to placental weight ratio (β = 0.015, p = 0.001 and p = 0.63, respectively). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that measuring cord blood hemoglobin levels, rather than maternal hemoglobin levels, may provide important diagnostic information about in utero fetal adaptation to suboptimal placental function and neonatal health.

Comparison of Heffner Criteria and Light Criteria in Differentiating Exudative and Transudative Pleural Effusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Krishna Chandra Devkota ◽  
S Hamal ◽  
PP Panta
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pleural Space ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exudative Pleural Effusion

Pleural effusion is present when there is >15ml of fluid is accumulated in the pleural space. It can be divided into two types; exudative and transudative pleural effusion. Tuberculosis and parapneumonic effusion are the common cause of exudative pleural effusion whereas heart failure accounts for most of the cases of transudative pleural effusion. This study was a hospital based cross sectional study performed at Nepal Medical College during the period of January 2016-December 2016. A total of 50 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Pleural effusion was confirmed by clinical examination and radiology. After confirmation of pleural effusion, pleural fluid was aspirated and was analysed for protein, LDH, cholesterol. The Heffner criteria was compared with Light criteria to classify exudative or transudative pleural effusion. Among 50 patients, 30 were male and 20 were female. The mean age of patient was 45.4±21.85 years. The sensitivity and specificity of using Light criteria to detect the two type of pleural effusion was 100% and 90.9%, whereas using Heffner criteria was 94.87%, 100% respectively(P<0.01). There are variety of causes for development of pleural effusion and no one criteria is definite to differentiate between exudative or transudative effusion. In this study Light criteria was more sensitive whereas Heffner criteria was more specific to classify exudative pleural effusion. Hence a combination of criteria might be useful in case where there is difficulty to identify the cause of pleural effusion.

scholarly journals Association of Maternal Hemoglobin and Birth Weight at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Kathmandu

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Safiur Rahman Ansari ◽  
Gehanath Baral
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Aims: To examine the association between maternal hemoglobin with birth weight.Methods: Cross sectional study of obstetrics database at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital. Hospital delivery of over 18 years of age women tested for Pearson correlation using SPSS-17.Results: Total of 2085 cases analyzed. There was mean hemoglobin value of 12.05 ± 1.30 (95% CI=11.992-12.103) g/dL and no any significant impact on mode of delivery (p=0.15) and neonatal death (p=0.736). There was a small but a significant correlation (p<0.01) of maternal age with hemoglobin (r = 0.106) and birth weight (r = 0.093); but a very small negative correlation between maternal hemoglobin and birth weight.Conclusions: Optimal maternal hemoglobin during labor rules out any strong correlation with birth weight.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on the correlation between postnatal foot length and various other anthropometric parameters along with the gestational age

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 414-419
Author(s):  
Dr. Abhinaya Arun Raj ◽  
◽  
Dr. K. Maheswari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Foot Length ◽  
The Mean ◽  
R Value

Introduction: This study was done to assess the utility of foot length in determining theanthropometric parameters of a newborn in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials andMethods: This cross-sectional study among 270 newborns were done at Sri Venkateswaraa medicalcollege hospital and research centre, from Nov 2018 to May 2020. All the healthy live newbornswere taken into the study and newborns with congenital lower limb anomalies were excluded.Results: The mean birth weight of the neonate 2.948+0.344 kg which ranged from 2.050 kg to3.750kg. The mean foot length, head circumference and chest circumference of the foot length was8.113+0.468 cm, 48.989+1.093 cm, 34.437+0.659 cm and 32.372+0.734 cm respectively. The footlength had a maximum correlation with birth weight (r-value=0.905) followed by gestational age (r-value=0.809), length (r-value=0.786), head circumference (r-value=0.719) and chest circumference(r-value=0.603). Conclusion: Foot length had a significant correlation with birth weight andgestational age of the neonates. Foot length also correlated significantly with other anthropometricvariables like length, head circumference and chest circumference.

CLINICAL OUTCOME OF MEASLES AND RUBELLA WITH MACULOPAPULAR RASH AT CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL, PIMS, ISLAMABAD

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Jai Kirshin ◽  
Sameena Afghan ◽  
Aqeela Ayub ◽  
Kishor Shah ◽  
Maqbool Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Maculopapular Rash ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Profiles ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

BACKGROUND: Measles is highly endemic disease in Pakistan that can be prevented by vaccinating the child.Patients with rash and fever are the major syptoms of this infection. The aim of this study was to find the associationof clinical and serological outcome of measles and rubella with demographic profiles in patients hospitalised withclinical suspicion of these conditions. METHODS: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in children hospital of PIMS Islamabad where allchildren presenting with maculopapular rash in outdoor patient, indoor patient and accident and emergencydepartment were enrolled. The study duration was one year or the completion of required sample size. A total of 73children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. A purposive sampling technique was used toselect cases. Data was collected through a structured proforma especially designed for this study. Permission wastaken from the Hospital Ethical Committee before the commencement of the study. A written consent was also takenfrom the parents of children prior to conduct the study. RESULTS: All the children in this study was 46.5 (± 40.1) months of age, the mean (SD) age was 4 years and 10months (± 3 years and 4 months). The median age of all children was 24 months (2 years). The youngest child was 7months old while the eldest child was 12 years (144 months) of age. Out of 73 children enrolled in the current studywho presented with maculopapular rash and their serological outcome was assessed, 50 (68.5 percent) were boyswhereas 23 (31.5 percent) were girls. Koplik's spots were present among 56 (76.7 percent) children whereas 17(23.3 percent) did not have Koplik's spots at the time of enrolment. lymphadenopathy was assessed in 35 (47.9percent) children while 38 (52.1 percent) did not have lymphadenopathy at the time of enrolment. CONCLUSION: Study concluded that a higher proportion of children presenting with maculopapular rash werediagnosed to have measles on the basis of serology.

scholarly journals The Correlation between Calcium Serum and Calcium Urine Level with the Blood Pressure in Preeclampsia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deni W. Suryono
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Urine Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To analyze the differences of calcium serum and calcium urine level in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy, and to analyze the correlation between calcium serum and calcium urine level with blood pressure. Method: This study is a cross sectional study with 44 women with preeclampsia and 45 women with normal pregnancies, that meet our inclusion criteria. The samples were obtained from Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital and six satellite hospitals from June to September 2011. The comparison of mean calcium serum and calcium urine level of the preeclampsia group was calculated using Mann-Whitney test, and the correlation between calcium serum and calcium urine level and preeclampsia were calculated using Rank Spearman correlation test. Result: The result of the characteristic test in two groups of study shows that both groups are homogenic and comparable. The mean of calcium serum level in women with preeclampsia (7.97 mg/dl) is lower than in normal pregnancy (8.82 mg/dl) with p

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk factors of Hypoglycaemia in Neonates at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bereket Yismaw Fantahun ◽  
Ikram Nurussen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Neonatal Hypoglycaemia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College

Abstract Background Hypoglycaemia is a common metabolic abnormality seen in neonates that can cause preventable death. Its overall incidence has been estimated to be 1 to 5 per 1,000 live births, with higher incidence in at-risk populations. There is limited data regarding its prevalence and risk factors in developing countries like Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of neonatal hypoglycaemia in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methodology A cross sectional study was conducted from June 17 to August 3, 2018 at SPHMMC, NICU. Neonates whose age was less than 48hrs and admitted to NICU were enrolled. Sociodemographic, maternal and neonatal factors were collected using structured questionnaire. Blood glucose was measured using glucometer with a test strip. Random blood glucose level < 47mg/dl was taken as a cut-off point to define hypoglycaemia. The data was entered and analysed using SPSS version 20. Results Neonatal hypoglycaemia was detected in 25% (49/196) of the neonates. Birth weight, duration of labor, maternal age, time of feeding initiation, hypothermia and respiratory distress syndrome were associated with hypoglycaemia. From these factors, maternal age, birth weight and hypothermia were found to be independent predictors of the outcome. Conclusion Hypoglycaemia was prevalent in neonates admitted to the NICU of SPHMMC and was associated with low birth weight and hypothermia. These findings calls for early detection of hypoglycaemia, prevention of hypothermia and early initiation of feeding to prevent neonatal morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Mean Birth Weight and Mean placental Weight among Deliveries in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (219) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raju Kafle ◽  
Kabiraj Nibedita ◽  
Binod Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Wall ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Placenta is an organ that connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall to allow nutrient uptake, provide thermo-regulation to the fetus, waste elimination, and gas exchange. The present study was undertaken to look for mean birth weight and placental weight among deliveries in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital of Nepal. Ethical clearance was taken from institutional review comittee of hospital. Mothers with term and preterm gestation, their infants and the placentas were the subjects for the study. The study was conducted on 158 term and preterm deliveries. Placental weight, birth weight, gestational age, neonates’ gender, weight, length and head circumference were recorded. Results: The mean of weight of total 158 placentas was 449.24±82.07 g and the mean of birth weights was 2872.84±478.88 g. Out of 158 deliveries, 138 (87.4%) babies were of term gestation and 20 (12.6%) babies were preterm. Conclusions: Mean birth weight and placental weights are similar to that found on similar studies done on other hospitals. Knowing the mean placental weight and birth weight which relates to different functional dimensions of placenta and baby growth helps for further evaluation of placenta and baby.

scholarly journals Effect of Maternal Age, Parity and Placental Weight on Birth Weight in Otanaha Hospital, Gorontalo City

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Puspita Sukmawaty Rasyid ◽  
Endah Yulianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

<p><em>Birth weight is an indicator of fetal growth whether healthy or experiencing problems during the womb. Low birth weight (LBW) has an effect on high infant morbidity and mortality rates. Data obtained from the delivery room of the Otanaha Hospital showed the prevalence of LBW births in 2018 was 1.83% and had increased in 2019 to 3.25%. The factors that influence birth weight included the age of the mother, parity and weight of the placenta. The research objective was to determine the effect of maternal age, parity and placental weight on birth weight at the Otanaha Hospital, Gorontalo City. This research type was analytic observation with cross sectional study approach. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling technique with a total of 60 respondents.</em><em>The data analysis used was the Chi-Square statistical test. The results of the univariate analysis of 60 respondents showed that the age group without risk was 42 (70.0%), parity without risk was 41 (68.3%), normal placental weight was 31 (51.7%) and normal birth weight was 46 (76.7%). Bivariate analysis showed the variable maternal age and parity with p-value 0.065 and 0.526 (p&gt; 0.05) and placental weight variable with p-value 0.000 (p &lt;0.05). The conclusion of the study showed that maternal age and parity had no effect on birth weight, while placental weight had an effect on birth weight of infants at Otanaha Hospital, Gorontalo City.</em></p>

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