scholarly journals Analysis of Risk Factors Affecting The Occurrence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Nurul Layly Firdausi ◽  
Kurnia Dwi Artanti ◽  
Chung-Yi Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Factors Affecting

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease caused by the occurrence of airflow limitation in the lungs and also causes 60% of all deaths in Indonesia. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors that affect the incidence of COPD in Indonesia. Methods: This study was conducted in July–August 2019 in Indonesia as an analytic research study with a cross-sectional design, using data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey-5. The sample consisted of respondents aged >15 years, giving a total of 34,231 respondents. Data analysis was partially carried out using the chi-square test to analyze the relationships between the variables. Results: The majority of respondents were female, were aged <40 years, and had a low level of education. Risk factors for the development of COPD included, among others, an age of >40 years (p = 0.02; PR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.02–1.41), male gender (p = 0.01; PR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.07–1.49), smoking (p = 0.01; PR = 1.22 ; 95% CI = 1.03–1.44), first smoking age < 40 years (p = 0.02; PR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.03–1.44), residence in urban areas (p = 0.01; PR = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.20–1.70), being underweight (p = 0.01; PR = 2.17; 95% CI = 1.76–2.66). Conclusions: The risk factors that affect the incidence of COPD include being aged >40 years, being male, smoking, taking up smoking when aged <40 years, urban residence, and being underweight.

scholarly journals A literature review on depression and its risk factors among people suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Asian sub-continent

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4653
Author(s):  
Amrit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Basic Activity

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined as persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to noxious particles or gases. It has been suggested that emotional disturbances such as depression and anxiety are common among patients with COPD. This review aims to highlight the presence of depression and associated risk factors among patients suffering from COPD in Asia. Fifty-eight observational studies were retrieved through data sources like PubMed, Medical subject heading (MeSH) search and Google scholar. After thorough screening total thirteen studies were identified and included in this review. Based on the results of these studies, the south and west Asian countries had higher proportion of depression. However, risk factor results were mixed which includes severity of obstruction/global initiative for obstructive lung disease (GOLD) criteria, Stage 2 COPD, teetotallers, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnoea, and exercise (BODE) index, urban residence, female gender, education level, dyspnoea, low income, poor Quality of life (QOL) scores, age, poor self-reported health, basic activity of daily living (BADL) disability. Further superior research studies with larger sample size are required on Asian population. All in all, it is recommended that early diagnosis and treatment of depression should be included as a part of management in COPD as it can help to minimize the risk of morbidity and mortality in the patients.

Role of Capnograghy during weaning from mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramy Karem Ali Ali ◽  
Yasser Mosafa Mohammed Mostafa ◽  
Tamer Mohammed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response

Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airflow limitation associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airway, acute exacerbations of COPD can lead to progressive respiratory failure necessitating mechanical ventilation. Weaning of these patients may prove difficult and a spontaneous breath trial should be provided before the decision of extubation. Aim To evaluate the role of capnograghy in COPD patients during weaning from mechanical ventilation. Subject and methods This was a cross sectional prospective study conducted on 50 patients who were admitted at the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit of Abbassia Chest hospital and diagnosed as COPD and on mechanical ventilation. During the weaning trial, the role of capnography device evaluated considering the ability of Pet CO2 parameter in predicting hypercapnia and subsequently weaning outcome Results The changes in ABG reading before and after the SBT, PaCO2 and Pet CO2 showed significant elevation at the end of SBT,P=0.001 for both, while O2 saturation was significantly decrease at the end of SBT, P0.001. Conclusion The study found that Pa CO2 and PetCO2 are correlated to each other before, during and after SBT. Most of the studies that was found reported that PetCO2 is highly correlated with Paco2 and that PetCO2 may be a rapid and reliable predictor of arterial PaCO2 in respiratory distress.

scholarly journals Control of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Urban Populations: Findings From a Cross-Sectional Prevalence Survey in Shenzhen, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le-Cai Ji ◽  
Jin-Feng Yin ◽  
Chun-Rong Lu ◽  
Hong-Yun Guan ◽  
Wei-Guo Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urban Populations ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Lower is the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among urban populations, but still high is the total burden. Limited evidence on the patients’ characteristics has been offered to guide the control of the disease in city settings. Methods We conducted a prevalence cross-sectional survey of COPD among residents aged ≥ 40 years in an emerging city Shenzhen, China. The multi-stage stratified random sampling method was applied to enroll eligible participants from September, 2018 to June, 2019. Tested by spirometry, individuals were diagnosed with COPD if the post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio was less than 0.7. Patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as estimates of the exposure to air pollutants, were included in the univariable and multivariable logistic regression models to assess the risk factors for COPD. Results A total of 4157 individuals were invited to participate in this survey and 3591 who had available spirometry results and epidemiological data were enrolled in the final analysis. The estimated standardized prevalence of COPD among residents over 40 years old in Shenzhen was 5.92% (95% confidential intervals 4.05–8.34). Risk factors for COPD included elder age (adjusted odds ratio 1.206, 95% CI 1.120–1.299 per 10-year increase), smoking over 20 pack-years (1.968, 1.367–2.832), history of chronic bronchitis (1.733, 1.036-2.900) or asthma (4.920, 2.425–9.982), and exposure to higher annual minimum concentrations of ambient SO2 (1.156, 1.053–1.270 per 1-µg/m3 increase). Among 280 spirometry-diagnosed patients, most (221, 78.93%) patients were classified as mild COPD (GOLD stage I). The COPD assessment tests showed 24.7% (58/235) patients had severe symptoms with a total score ≥ 10, and 82.6% (194/235) were clinically symptomatic with a total score ≥ 2. Conclusions This survey found a low prevalence of COPD in Shenzhen and most patients had mild symptoms, thus recommended screening using spirometry in primary health care to detect early-stage COPD. Increased risk from the exposure to air pollutants also indicated the urgent need for environmental improvement in city settings.

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