scholarly journals PENGARUH HASIL SKRINING BERDASARKAN METODE MNA (MINI NUTRITIONAL ASSESTMENT) TERHADAP LAMA RAWAT INAP DAN STATUS PULANG PASIEN LANJUT USIA DI RSUP DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Wahyu Hardi Prasetyo ◽  
I Dewa Putu Pramantara ◽  
R. Dwi Budiningsari

Abstract: The number of elderly people (over 60 years old) is growing rapidly in this 21th century, reaching as many as 425 millions (+ 6,8%) worldwide in 2000. This figure is estimated almost twice in 2025. In Indonesia, percentage the elderly people in 1995 was as much as 7.5%. In line with the increasing of live expectancy the number of the elderly will grow bigger. This is related to greater need of health service for the elderly. In older people, nutrition problem is closely associated with disease. One factor that causes nutrition problem in the elderly is the increase of morbidity. Increased risk for disease and nutrition problem in the elderly requires early identification of risk for malnutrition in the elderly. Routine assessment of preliminary nutrition status of patients being hospitalized is essential in order to get an overview of nutrition status patients at a time, detect high risk patients and help to identify nutrition treatment specifically for each patient so that appropriate nutrition support can be given to improve nutrition status of patient. The study aimed to identify impact of result screening nutrition based on MNA  method to length of stay and discharge status of elderly patients at inpatient ward of internal medicine and neurology of Dr Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. The study was observational that used prospective cohort design and was undertaken at inpatient ward of internal in medicine and neurology of Dr. Sardjito,  Yogyakarta in August-November 2009. Data were collected by the researcher with the help of an enumerator, i.e. nutritionist at inpatient ward. The result of study showed that impact of result screening during initial hospitalization to length of stay of elderly patients based on MNA method was RR 1.63. This indicated that malnourished patients were at risk for being hospitalized > 7 days 1.63 times longer than those not malnourished. Impact  of  result screening during initial hospitalization to discharge status  of elderly patients based on MNA method was RR 1.29. This indicated that malnourished patient were at risk for uncovered discharged as much as 1.29 greater than those not malnourished. There was impact of result screening in admission to length of stay. There was impact of nutrition status to length of discharged status.  Keywords: discharge home, length of stay, nutritional status in initial admission   Abstrak: Pertumbuhan penduduk lanjut usia (umur ≥60 tahun) meningkat secara cepat pada abad 21 ini, yang pada 2000 di seluruh dunia telah mencapai 425 juta jiwa (± 6,8%). Jumlah ini diperkirakan akanmengalami peningkatan hampir dua kali lipat pada 2025. Di Indonesia, persentase lanjut usia pada 1995 mencapai 7,5%. Dengan meningkatnya angka harapan hidup, jumlah lanjut usia pun akan bertambah banyak. Hal ini terkait dengan perlunya peningkatan pelayanan kesehatan lanjut usia. Pada lanjut usia, masalah gizi erat kaitannya dengan penyakit. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan lanjut usia menjadi rawan gizi yaitu peningkatan morbiditas penyakit (Darmojo, 2006). Dengan meningkatnya risiko penyakit dan disertai gangguan nutrisi pada lanjut usia, sehingga perlu dilakukan identifikasi risiko malnutrisi pada lanjut usia sedini mungkin. Penilaian status gizi awal pasien masuk rumah sakit sangat penting  dilakukan secara rutin karena dapat menggambarkan status gizi pasien saat itu, mendeteksi pasien-pasien yang beresiko tinggi dan membantu mengidentifikasi perawatan gizi secara spesifik pada masing-masing pasien sehingga dukungan nutrisi yang tepat dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatan status gizi pasien. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh hasil skrining awal berdasarkan metode MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment) terhadap lama rawat inap dan status pulang pasien lanjut pada ruang rawat inap penyakit dalam dan saraf di RSUP Dr.Sardjito Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional dengan menggunakan rancangan kohort prospektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di ruang rawat inap penyakit dalam dan  saraf pada pasien lanjut usia  di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-November 2009. Pengumpulan data dilakukan oleh peneliti dengan bantuan enumerator yaitu  ahli gizi yang bertugas di ruang rawat inap. Berdasarkan hasil skrining dengan metode MNA pada  pasien lanjut usia terhadap lama rawat inap, maka diketahui bahwa nilai RR=1,63. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pasien yang terpapar (malnutrisi) berisiko dirawat selama ≥ 7 hari adalah 1,63 kali lebih besar daripada pasien yang tidak terpapar (tidak malnutrisi). Berdasarkan hasil regresi logistik tidak ada pengaruh antara hasil skrining dengan lama rawat inap. Ada pengaruh secara statistik antara usia, jenis penyakit dan kelas perawatan terhadap lama rawat inap. Berdasarkan hasil regresi logistik, jenis penyakit memiliki pengaruh yang paling dominan dengan nilai RR  3,88 terhadap lama rawat inap.Berdasarkan hasil skrining awal masuk rumah sakit terhadap status pulang pasien lanjut usia berdasarkan metode MNA, maka diketahui nilai RR=1,29. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pasien yang terpapar (malnutrisi) berisiko keluar dalam keadaan tidak sembuh sebesar 1,29 kali lebih besar daripada pasien yang tidak terpapar (tidak malnutrisi). Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi logistik ada pengaruh antara hasil skrining dengan status pulang dengan nilai OR 9,21. Demikian pula ada pengaruh antara usia dan jenis kelamin dengan status pulang (p< 0,05). Tidak ada pengaruh antara hasil skrining dengan lama rawat inap. Ada pengaruh antara usia, jenis penyakit dan kelas perawatan terhadap lama rawat inap. Ada pengaruh antara hasil skrining dengan status pulang. Kata-kata kunci: skrining, lama rawat inap, status pulang pasien

Author(s):  
Wahyu Hardi Prasetyo ◽  
I Dewa Putu Pramantara ◽  
R. Dwi Budiningsari

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Background: The number of elderly people (over 60 years old) is growing rapidly in this 21th century, reaching as many as 425 millions (+ 6.8%) worldwide in 2000. This figure is estimated almost twice in 2025. In Indonesia, percentage the elderly people in 1995 was as much as 7.5%. In line with the increasing of live expectancy of the number of the elderly will grow bigger. This is related to greater need of health service for the eldery. In older people, nutrition problem is closely associated with disease. One factor that causes nutrition problem in the elderly is the increase of morbidity. Increased risk for disease and nutrition problem in the elderly require early identification of risk for malnutrition in the elderly. Routine assessment of preliminary nutritional status of patients being hospitalized is essential in order to get an overview of nutritional status patients at a time, detect high risk patients and help to identify nutrition treatment specifically for each patient so that appropriate nutrition support can be given to improve nutrition status of patient.</p><p>Objectives: To identify the impact of early screening nutrition result based on MNA method to the length of stay and discharge status of elderly patients at inpatient ward of internal medicine and neurology of Dr Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta.</p><p>Methods: The study was observational that used prospective cohort design and was undertaken at inpatient ward of internal in medicine and neurologyod Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta on August-November 2009. Data were collected by the researcher with the help of an enumerator, i.e. nutritionsist at inpatient ward.</p><p>Results: The result of study showed that impact of screening result during initial hospitalization to length of stay of eldery patients based on MNA method was RR 1.63. This indicated that malnourished patients were at risk for being hospitalized &gt; 7 days 1.63 times longer than those not malnourished. Impact of result screening during initial hospitalization to discharge status of eldery patients based on MNA method was RR 1.29. This indicated that malnourished patient were at risk for uncovered discharged as much as 1.29 greater than those not malnourhized.</p><p>Conclusions: There was no impact of screening result in admission to length of stay. There was impact of nutritional status to length of discharged status.</p><p>KEYWORDS: discharge home, length of stay, nutritional status in initial admission.</p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Latar belakang: Pertumbuhan penduduk lanjut usia (umur ≥60 tahun) meningkat secara cepat pada abad 21 ini, yang pada 2000 di seluruh dunia telah mencapai 425 juta jiwa (± 6,8%). Jumlah ini diperkirakan akan mengalami peningkatan hampir dua kali lipat pada 2025. Di Indonesia, persentase lanjut usia pada 1995 mencapai 7,5%. Dengan meningkatnya angka harapan hidup, jumlah lanjut usia pun akan bertambah banyak. Hal ini terkait dengan perlunya peningkatan pelayanan kesehatan lanjut usia. Pada lanjut usia, masalah gizi erat kaitannya dengan penyakit. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan lanjut usia menjadi rawan gizi yaitu peningkatan morbiditas penyakit. Dengan meningkatnya risiko penyakit dan disertai gangguan nutrisi pada lanjut usia, perlu dilakukan identifikasi risiko malnutrisi pada lanjut usia sedini mungkin. Penilaian status gizi awal pasien masuk rumah sakit sangat penting dilakukan secara rutin karena dapat menggambarkan status gizi pasien saat itu, mendeteksi pasien-pasien yang berisiko tinggi, dan membantu mengidentifikasi perawatan gizi secara spesifik pada masing-masing pasien sehingga dukungan nutrisi yang tepat dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatan status gizi pasien.</p><p>Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh hasil skrining awal berdasarkan metode MNA (mini nutritional assessment) terhadap lama rawat inap dan status pulang pasien lanjut pada ruang rawat inap penyakit dalam dan saraf di RSUP Dr.Sardjito Yogyakarta.</p><p>Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional dengan menggunakan rancangan kohort prospektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di ruang rawat inap penyakit dalam dan saraf pada pasien lanjut usia di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-November 2009. Pengumpulan data dilakukan oleh peneliti dengan bantuan enumerator yaitu ahli gizi yang bertugas di ruang rawat inap.</p><p>Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil skrining dengan metode MNA pada pasien lanjut usia terhadap lama rawat inap, maka diketahui bahwa nilai RR=1,63. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pasien yang terpapar (malnutrisi) berisiko dirawat selama ≥7 hari adalah 1,63 kali lebih besar daripada pasien yang tidak terpapar (tidak<br />malnutrisi). Berdasarkan hasil regresi logistik tidak ada pengaruh antara hasil skrining dengan lama rawat inap. Ada pengaruh secara statistik antara usia, jenis penyakit dan kelas perawatan terhadap lama rawat inap. Berdasarkan hasil regresi logistik, jenis penyakit memiliki pengaruh yang paling dominan dengan nilai RR 3,88 terhadap lama rawat inap. Berdasarkan hasil skrining awal masuk rumah sakit terhadap status pulang pasien lanjut usia berdasarkan metode MNA, maka diketahui nilai RR=1,29. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pasien yang terpapar (malnutrisi) berisiko keluar dalam keadaan tidak sembuh sebesar 1,29 kali<br />lebih besar daripada pasien yang tidak terpapar (tidak malnutrisi). Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi logistik ada pengaruh antara hasil skrining dengan status pulang dengan nilai OR 9,21. Demikian pula ada pengaruh antara usia dan jenis kelamin dengan status pulang (p&lt;0,05). </p><p>Kesimpulan: Tidak ada pengaruh antara hasil skrining dengan lama rawat inap. Ada pengaruh antara usia, jenis penyakit dan kelas perawatan terhadap lama rawat inap. Ada pengaruh antara hasil skrining dengan status pulang.</p><p>KATA KUNCI: skrining, lama rawat inap, status pulang pasien</p><p> </p>


Author(s):  
Satyanarayana Konda ◽  
Ravi Kumar B. P. ◽  
Purushottam A Giri

Background: The population of elderly people aged ≥60 years is increasing worldwide and is projected to reach 1.5 billion by 2050. In India, the elderly people constitute 8.1% of the total population. Malnutrition is highly prevalent in the elderly population due to various diseases and impairments.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out amongst 209 elderly people from February 2018 to April 2018. A questionnaire was used to collect data related to socio-demographic characteristics, Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and regarding medication use, comorbidity, use of a walking aid, smoking and alcohol consumption. The MNA tool was used for the assessment of nutrition status. For an assessment of functional status, the activities of daily living scale and instrumental activities of daily living scale were used. Descriptive analysis and Chi-square test were used to present the data.Results: The average MNA score was 23.5 (SD=4.3, range: 7-30) and that of BMI was 23.8 (SD=3.9, range: 15.6-38.9). Of 209 study participants, 9.1% were malnourished, 32.5% were at risk of malnutrition and remaining 58.4% were having normal nutritional status. The possible predictors of malnutrition were older age, lower education level, staying single, unemployed, low income and less than three meals daily.Conclusions: The overall prevalence of malnutrition was found to be 9.1% but the proportion of elderly people at risk of malnutrition was relatively high. Diagnosis and treatment of elderly people at high risk for malnutrition based on the findings of this study may improve functional status and prognosis of elderly people.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takako Nagai ◽  
Koji Tanimoto ◽  
Yoshiaki Tomizuka ◽  
Hiroshi Uei ◽  
Masahiro Nagaoka

Abstract Background: Distal radius fractures (DRF) are common in the elderly and are typically caused falls. Malnutrition has also been identified as a poor prognostic factor in elderly patients with fractures. However, the relationship between nutritional status and subsequent falls and functional prognosis for DRF in the elderly is not clear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between nutritional status and functional prognosis in elderly patients with DRF. Methods: Study participants included 229 outpatients who required surgical treatment for DRF. The patients’ clinical information, including age, sex, body mass index, bone mineral density, Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), total number of drugs being treated with on admission, use of drugs for osteoporosis, comorbidity severity, the Barthel Index (BI), presence of subsequent falls, fracture type, postoperative follow-up period, and Mayo wrist score was reviewed. Subjects were further divided into two groups according to their GNRI: the malnutrition group and the normal group. Propensity score matching was used to confirm factors affecting the BI and subsequent falls. Results: Thirty-one patients (13.5%) presented with malnutrition before surgery for DRF. According to multiple liner regression analysis, the GNRI positively affected the efficiency of the BI (β = 0.392, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.001 to 0.351, p = 0.039). Furthermore, on logistic regression analysis, subsequent falls were associated with serum albumin levels (odds ratio = 0.033, 95% CI, 0.002 to 0.477, p = 0.012). Conclusion: Malnutrition impaired improvement of activities of daily living (ADL) and increased the incidence of subsequent falls. Improvement of nutritional status before DRF surgery may further improve ADL and prevent falls.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175883592092343 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZhiYu Duan ◽  
GuangYan Cai ◽  
JiJun Li ◽  
XiangMei Chen

Despite available prevention and treatment measures, such as hydration, diuresis, magnesium supplementation, and amifostine, renal toxicity is still one of the major dose-limiting side effects of cisplatin. The aim of this review is to discuss the issue of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in the elderly. Compared with young patients, the incidences of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and acute kidney injury (AKI) in elderly patients are significantly increased, and survival time may be decreased. Following cisplatin treatment of elderly patients, tubulointerstitial injuries will be significantly aggravated based on their original age, both for acute injuries due to cell necrosis and exfoliation and chronic injuries due to interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, and dilatation. The high incidence of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in elderly patients may be associated with renal hypoperfusion; increased comorbidities, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus; increased use of combined drugs [especially non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB), and antibiotics]; decreased clearance of cisplatin; and high plasma ultrafilterable cisplatin. Considering hemodynamic stability and water balance, short duration and low volume hydration may be more suitable for treating elderly people. With the increasing popularity of low-dose daily/weekly regimens, we do not recommend routine diuretic treatment for elderly patients. We recommend using a less nephrotoxic platinum if large doses of cisplatin (100mg/m2) are needed.


1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colm Cooney ◽  
Margo Wrigley

It is 20 years since the first references to elder abuse appeared in the medical literature. Since then there h as been a growing realisation that although most elderly people are cherished by their families a substantial minority are at risk of abuse. Prevalence studies in different countries have suggested that approximately 5% of those over 65 may be subjected to various forms of abuse including physical, verbal, financial abuse and neglect.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 233372141773918 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Tuty Kuswardhani ◽  
Yosef Samon Sugi

Objective: Delirium is a common neuropsychiatric syndrome in the elderly characterized by concurrent impairments in cognition and behavior. Infection is one of the most important risk factors for delirium. The objective of this study is to elaborate the factors related to the severity of delirium in the elderly patients with infection. Method: An observational study on the relationship of several clinical parameters and the severity of delirium in elderly patients (more than 60 years) with infection was conducted at Geriatric Inpatient Ward, Sanglah Hospital. Delirium was defined by the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS). Charlson Age Comorbidity Index (CACI) scores were calculated as proposed by Charlson et al. Infection was confirmed by clinical, laboratory, and radiographic findings. Results: During 3 months, there were 60 elderly patients (35 men and 25 women) who were hospitalized with infection and delirium. In all, 33 (55.0%), 16 (26.7%), and 11 (18.3%) patients had pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and other infections, respectively, and 44 out of 60 (73.3%) patients had sepsis. There was no significant difference found in MDAS score between male and female patients and among different types of infection, but patients with sepsis had higher MDAS score significantly compared with patients without sepsis (19.48 ± 3.72 vs. 15.88 ± 2.82; p < .001). This study revealed that of several clinical parameters, only CACI ( R = .533; p < .001), blood urea nitrogen (BUN; R = .230; p = .040), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels ( R = .499; p < .001) were correlated with MDAS score significantly. By multiple linear regression test, CACI, IL-6, and sepsis have significant role, meanwhile, BUN has no role, on the severity of delirium. Conclusions: The CACI score, IL-6 levels, and sepsis have strong relationship with the severity of delirium, but BUN only has weak role in the severity of delirium in the elderly patients with infection.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e72642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. Lloyd ◽  
David J. Stott ◽  
Anton J. M. de Craen ◽  
Patricia M. Kearney ◽  
Naveed Sattar ◽  
...  

1995 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1162-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Vassilieff ◽  
Nadia Rosencher ◽  
Daniel I. Sessler ◽  
Christian Conseiller

Abstract Background Both accidental and perioperative hypothermia are common in the elderly. The elderly are at risk because their responses to hypothermia may be delayed or less efficient than in those of younger subjects. For example, the vasoconstriction threshold during isoflurane anesthesia is [nearly equal] 1 degree Celsius less in elderly than younger patients. However, the extent to which other cold defenses are impaired in the elderly remains unclear, especially in those older than 80 yr. Operations suitable for spinal anesthesia provided an opportunity to quantify shivering thresholds in patients of varying ages. Accordingly, the hypothesis that the shivering threshold is reduced as a function of age during spinal anesthesia was tested.


Author(s):  
Lina K. Massoud ◽  
Hala Z. AlAgha ◽  
Mahmoud H. Taleb

Inappropriate prescribing (IP) is a major healthcare problem in elderly patients. The risk of this problem increases during hospitalization. This is due to increase morbidity and thus increases the use of medications by the inpatients. This study will clarify the problem of IP for elderly people during hospitalization and will identify the different types of it. It also will highlight some tools that are used to assess the different types of IP and the prevalence of it in elderly patients during hospitalization. Finally, the study will address the consequences of IP in the elderly inpatients and the risks associated with the use of some potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in the elderly. 


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