scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF THE ALUMINUM SULFATE AND PAC (POLY ALUMINUM CHLORIDE) COAGULANT ON TELLO RIVER WATER TREATMENT

Konversi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Setyo Erna Widiyanti
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Aluminium Sulfate ◽  
Boiler Feed Water

Abstract- Tello River water used by PT. PLN SULTANBATARA for sanitation and process water. One of the process's water is boiler feed water. River water has fluctuative characteristics depending on the season that occurs such as turbidity and Total Suspended Solid (TSS). The presence of TSS in boiler feed water needs to be minimized as it can decrease boiler performance in generating heat. The concentration of TSS in river water can be removed by coagulation and flocculation method with the addition of coagulant. Excessive coagulant distribution will increase the concentration of dissolved solids (TDS) of water. Thus, it is necessary to determine the optimum concentration of coagulant based on initial TSS concentration of river water. The objective of this research is to determine the optimum concentration of Aluminum Sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and PAC (Poly Aluminum Chloride) Coagulant in reducing TSS water of Tello River. The sample used in this research is Tello river water which has an initial TSS concentration of 150 mg/L. The coagulant used was Aluminum Sulfate and PAC with several concentration variation of 5% - 40% to the initial TSS concentration of river water. Analysis of TSS content of samples using Gravimetry method. The optimum concentration of coagulant Aluminum Sulfate and PAC was 35% and 25% to the initial TSS concentration of river water where the final concentration of TSS obtained was 20 mg/L and 15.5 mg/L with percent TSS removal of 86.67% and 89.6 %. Keywords:      Total Suspended Solid, Coagulation, Aluminium Sulfate, Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC)

OPTIMIZATION OF THE ALUMINUM SULFATE AND PAC (POLY ALUMINUM CHLORIDE) COAGULANT ON TELLO RIVER WATER TREATMENT

Konversi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setyo Erna Widiyanti
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Aluminium Sulfate ◽  
Boiler Feed Water

Abstract- Tello River water used by PT. PLN SULTANBATARA for sanitation and process water. One of the process's water is boiler feed water. River water has fluctuative characteristics depending on the season that occurs such as turbidity and Total Suspended Solid (TSS). The presence of TSS in boiler feed water needs to be minimized as it can decrease boiler performance in generating heat. The concentration of TSS in river water can be removed by coagulation and flocculation method with the addition of coagulant. Excessive coagulant distribution will increase the concentration of dissolved solids (TDS) of water. Thus, it is necessary to determine the optimum concentration of coagulant based on initial TSS concentration of river water. The objective of this research is to determine the optimum concentration of Aluminum Sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and PAC (Poly Aluminum Chloride) Coagulant in reducing TSS water of Tello River. The sample used in this research is Tello river water which has an initial TSS concentration of 150 mg/L. The coagulant used was Aluminum Sulfate and PAC with several concentration variation of 5% - 40% to the initial TSS concentration of river water. Analysis of TSS content of samples using Gravimetry method. The optimum concentration of coagulant Aluminum Sulfate and PAC was 35% and 25% to the initial TSS concentration of river water where the final concentration of TSS obtained was 20 mg/L and 15.5 mg/L with percent TSS removal of 86.67% and 89.6 %. Keywords:      Total Suspended Solid, Coagulation, Aluminium Sulfate, Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC)

scholarly journals ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI KIKIM DI KECAMATAN KIKIM TIMUR KABUPATEN LAHAT

EKOLOGIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Ahmad Walid ◽  
Fadila Turahmah ◽  
Pisi Ismarliana
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Service Unit ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
Water Problems

This study aims to determine the physical properties of Kikim River water in Kikim Timur Subdistrict, Lahat Regency and find out the right way to solve water problems as an effort to treat water from physical parameters that exceed the quality standards according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 492 / MENKES / PER / IV / 2018 concerning requirements for drinking water quality. The parameters tested in this study included temperature, total suspended solid (TSS) and degree of acidity (pH). Sampling was carried out at three points, namely Point 01 in Gunung Kembang Village or Kikim Hulu River, Point 02 in Bungamas Village or Kikim Tengah River, and Point 03 in Lubuk Tampang Village or Kikim Hilir River. The results of the test analysis of the Kikim Timur River water samples carried out at the Environmental Service Unit of the Environmental Service Laboratory (DLH) of Lahat Regency at points 01, 02 and 03 indicate that the parameters tested, namely temperature, (TSS) and pH values still meet the standards according to Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 492 / MENKES / PER / IV / 2018.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI POOPOH KECAMATAN TOMBARIRI KABUPATEN MINAHASA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Martino Elvis Presley Sukiman ◽  
Maxi Tendean ◽  
Sri Sulastriningsih
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Upstream Part

The problem in this study is the existence of community activities that dispose of household waste and toilet waste directly into the Poopoh River. This study aims to analyze and obtain river water quality data. This type of research is a quantitative research using a fixed sample water sampling method. The parameters measured were pH, DO (Dissolved Oxygen), BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), and TSS (Total Suspended Solid). The results showed that there had been a decrease in the quality of river water in the downstream part of the river as seen from the results of laboratory tests which stated that the pH level in the upstream part of the river reached 6.94 and downstream increased to 7.98. The level of BOD in the upper reaches of the river is 1.8 and in the lower reaches of the river rises to 26.95. The DO level in the upstream part of the river is 7.5 and at the downstream level, it drops to 1.62. The TSS level in the upper reaches of the river is 5 and in the lower reaches of the river, it has increased to 20. It can be seen that there has been a decrease in the quality of river water from upstream to downstream, especially in the parameters of BOD and DO.

scholarly journals Efisiensi Penurunan Kadar COD, TSS, dan TDS pada Air Limbah Industri Pangan menggunakan Koagulan Poly Alumunium Chloride dengan metode Jar Test

WARTA AKAB ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zakaria ◽  
Sopian Sauri ◽  
Dian Mira Fadela ◽  
Puspita Sri Ayu Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Industri pangan menghasilkan air limbah berbahan organik dan padatan tersuspensi maupun terlarut yang tinggi. Salah satu proses pengolahan air limbah yaitu dengan proses koagulasi-flokulasi yang bertujuan untuk menghilangkan padatan tersuspensi dan zat organik yang dapat menyebabkan kekeruhan serta bau dengan penambahan koagulan. Penambahan koagulan pada instalasi pengolahan air limbah (IPAL) tidak dilakukan secara kuantitatif, sehingga perlu dilakukan percobaan dengan metode jar test. Tujuan percobaan untuk mengetahui pH dan dosis optimum serta efisiensi koagulan poly aluminium chloride (PAC) untuk menurunkan kadar chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS), dan total dissolved solid (TDS). Hasil uji parameter COD, TSS, dan TDS dibandingkan dengan Surat Keputusan Gubernur Tingkat 1 Jawa Barat (SK Gub TK 1 Jabar) No. 6 Tahun 1999 tentang Baku Mutu Limbah Cair Bagi Kegiatan Industri di Jawa Barat. Berdasarkan hasil percobaan diperoleh kondisi optimum koagulan PAC pada pH air limbah 6–7 dengan dosis koagulan optimum pada (80–90) mg/L. Hasil pengujian parameter TS, TDS, TSS, kekeruhan dan COD berturut-turut memberikan nilai efisiensi sebesar (52,6-57,8)%, (53,9-55,5)%, (52,4-58,1)%, (97,8-99,1)%, dan (71,6–77,1)%. Percobaan yang dilakukan membuktikan bahwa koagulan PAC mampu menurunkan kadar pada parameter uji dengan nilai efisiensi yang cukup besar.

scholarly journals Water quality assessment of Nwangele river in Imo State, Nigeria

1970 ◽  
pp. 01-05 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anudike Joseph ◽  
Duru Majesty ◽  
Uhegbu Friday
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
River Water ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Imo State

Water quality assessment of Nwangele river was undertaken using standard methods. Water samples were drawn from upstream, midstream and downstream of the river and assessed for quality. Results obtained for physicochemical characteristics showed pH (4.83±.0.01-5.00±0.31), total solid (200.00±2.40-613.19±1.10 mg/L), and total suspended solid (49.98±0.11-399.04±2.09 mg/L). Heavy metals found in the river water were iron (0.132±0.01- 0.144±0.02 mg/L), zinc (0.034±0.02- 0.044±0.02 mg/L), mercury (0.004±0.001- 0.011±0.00 mg/L), lead (0.008±0.00- 0.016±0.00 mg/L) and cadmium (0.03±0.01- 0.011±0.00 mg/L). Microbiological studies on the river revealed the presence of Klebsieilla sp., Vibro sp., Pseudomonas sp., Proteus sp., Escherichia sp., Staphylococcus sp., Shigella sp., Bacillus sp., Serratia sp., Citrobacter sp., and Enterobacter sp as bacterial isolates with high total heterotrophic bacteria count (THBC), total coliform count (TCC), Salmonella-shigella count (SSC), and total viable count (TVC). Nwangele River water is acidic, with high total suspended solid, phosphate and microbial loads. It is therefore advisable to purify water from the river before consumption. This study has assessed the water quality of Nwangele river in Imo State, Nigeria

scholarly journals PENURUNAN TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLID DAN KEKERUHAN AIR BAKU MENGGUNAKAN PIPA CIRCULAR DAN GRAVEL BED FLOCCULATOR DENGAN KOAGULAN POLY ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE

EnviroUS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Maulidya Hani Rizkya ◽  
Naniek Ratni Juliardi AR
Keyword(s):  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Gravel Bed

Air permukaan mengandung banyak zat padat berupa partikel tersuspensi maupun koloidal dapat menyebabkan kekeruhan pada air sehingga tidak memenuhi baku mutu dan tidak layak digunakan sebagai air bersih. Zat padat dapat disisihkan dengan proses koagulasi-flokulasi, di mana adanya penambahan bahan kimia untuk membentuk flok. Proses koagulasi-flokulasi hidrolis adalah proses pengadukan dengan aliran air sebagai pengaduk karena adanya energi hidrolik. Pipa sirkular memiliki keuntungan dapat menghemat tempat. Gravel bed flocculator memiliki kemampuan dapat mempersingkat waktu flokulasi (3-5 menit). Pada penelitian ini, variasi yang diterapkan adalah dosis koagulan (55, 65, 75, 85, dan 95 (mg/L)), waktu kontak flokulasi (3, 4, dan 5 (menit)), dan perbandingan ketinggian ukuran media kerikil 20 mm:30 mm (2:1 dan 1:2) untuk mengetahui pengaruh terhadap penyisihan total suspended solid (TSS) dan kekeruhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengadukan hidrolis optimum pada dosis koagulan 95 mg/L, waktu kontak flokulasi 5 menit, dan perbandingan ketinggian ukuran media kerikil 20 mm:30 mm (1:2) mampu menyisihkan kandungan total suspended solid (TSS) sebesar 83,22% dan kekeruhan 92,06%.

scholarly journals DAUR ULANG AIR SISA PROSES RELAKSASI-PENGHILANGAN KANJI-PEMASAKAN (SIMULTAN) DENGAN CARA KOAGULASI-FLOKULASI MENGGUNAKAN POLY ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE (PAC) UNTUK DIMANFAATKAN KEMBALI SEBAGAI AIR PROSES YANG SAMA DI PT. DX TEKSTIL BANDUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanti Sundari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Floc Size ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Color Differences ◽  
The Cost

Abstract To overcome the problem of the limited supply of process water because of its dependence on groundwater due to reducing its discharge, stricting provision of government permits in the depthening of bore wells and increasing the cost of retribution for extracting groundwater, an experimental investigation was conducted to explore the possibility of recycling waste water from the preparation textile process namely Relaxing-Desizing-Scouring (simultaneous), in order to be reused as water for similar process and moreover for dyeing process possibility. The method was coagulation-floculation with Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) with concentration variation of PAC 0.5; 0.7; 0.9; 1.1; 1.3; 1.5 (g/l) analyzed, in condition pH 8 where larger floc size is produced at pH 7-9 (Taki Chemical Co.LTD, 1992), and continuing with testing COD, BOD, pH, total hardness, total suspended solid (TSS), chloride levels, and turbidity. In this study, the optimum PAC concentration was obtained, which was 1.3 g / l to meet the requirement. The further process was conducted both Relaxing-Desizing-Scouring (simultaneous) and dyeing by using water after treatment, before treatment and waterground from factory to be compared their results. And to determine the success of the water treatment, tests for weight reduction, white degrees and color differences were carried out. Keywords: Coagulation-Floculation, recycling, waste water, Poly Aluminium Chloride

scholarly journals Study of Batik Wastewater Treatment Using PAC (Poly Aluminum Chloride) as Coagulant and Organoclay (Montmorillonite-polydadmac) as Floccullant to Reduce Total Suspended Solid (TSS) and Total Dissolved Solid (TDS)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Novita Chandra Sari ◽  
Irwan Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid ◽  
Flocculation Time

Batik wastewater treatment using PAC (Poly Aluminium Chloride) as a coagulant and organoclay (montmorillonite- polyDADMAC) as flocculants was investigated in this study. The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of batik wastewater effluent before and after coagulation-flocculation and analyze the effectiveness of organoclay as flocculants of batik wastewater. Organoclay (montmorillonite-polyDADMAC) synthesised by reacting natural bentonite with polyDADMAC 0.4%. Coagulation and flocculation used jar test method with a speed stirring at 120 rpm for 2 minutes and slow stirring at 40 rpm with a variety of types, masses of flocculants and flocculation time. At first, batik wastewater had high levels of TSS and TDS levels. TSS and TDS levels reduced after coagulation-flocculation. Effectiveness of maximum TSS reduced at 99,74% with the addition of organoclay flocculant 2.5 g/L and flocculation time for 80 minutes. Effectiveness of maximum TDS reduced at 93,57% with the addition of organoclay flocculant 2.5 g/L and 60 minutes flocculation.

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