scholarly journals Changing Trends in Resistance Pattern of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Burn Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
S.R. More ◽  
Tadvi Khan Saleha Kauser ◽  
S.K. Kandle ◽  
V.S. Rathod
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Changing Trends

scholarly journals Biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from burn patients, Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1511-1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solmaz Ohadian Moghadam ◽  
Mohammad Reza Pourmand ◽  
Farzaneh Aminharati
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions

Introduction: Burns are the most serious forms of trauma and a major cause of mortality worldwide. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common pathogens of burn wound infections; treatment has faced serious problems due to antibiotic resistance in these strains. Biofilm formation, which increases antibiotic resistance capabilities and is considered to be a virulence factor, also causes treatment failure and recurrent staphylococcal infections in burn patients. Methodology: A total of 135 pus/wound swabs were collected; S. aureus was identified by confirmatory tests. The icaA/D and mecA genes were detected in DNA extracts by polymerase chain reaction assay separately. To determine the prevalence of biofilm formation, a modified Congo red agar and the microtiter plate method were used. Investigation of antibiotic resistance was performed using the disk diffusion method. Results: S. aureus (48.87%) was identified in 65 (48.87%) samples, of which 40 (61.53%) were confirmed to be MRSA. Among MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) isolates, 97.5% and 60% produced biofilm, respectively. Resistance of MRSA isolates to amikacin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, mupirocin, rifampin, tetracycline, and tobramycin was 64.1%, 76.92%, 51.28%, 87.18%, 71.8%, 10.26%, 5.13%, 89.74%, and 61.54%, respectively. All MRSA and MSSA isolates were susceptible to fusidic acid, linezolid, teicoplanin, tigecycline, and vancomycin. Conclusions: The high prevalence of biofilm-producing, drug-resistant S. aureus isolates in our study suggests that epidemiological studies on the characteristics of common strains found in burn centers and a definition of their antibiotic resistance pattern would be helpful for therapeutic decisions.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Nosocomial Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Nepal

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (175) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bidya Shrestha ◽  
B M Pokhrel ◽  
T M Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Test Method ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Introduction: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the most common cause ofnosocomial infection has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. They arenormally resistant to most of the antibiotics used in clinical practice. This study has been carried outto fi nd out the resistance pattern among S. aureus.Methods: During November 2007 to June 2008, clinical samples from patients with nosocomialinfection were processed for culture and sensitivity following standard methodology in microbiologylaboratory, Tribhuvan University teaching hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.Results: Among 149 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, highest resistance was observed against Penicillin(91.94%) followed by Fluoroquinolone (61.74%), Erythromycin (52.94%), Gentamicin (46.98%),Cotrimoxazole (42.95%), Tetracycline (40.94%) and others, whereas susceptibility was observedmaximum against Chloramphenicol (94.85%) followed by Rifampicin (92.61%), Tetracycline(59.06%), Cotrimoxazole (57.04%), and others. None of the isolates were resistant to Vancomycinand Teicoplanin. Of these isolates 44.96 % of the isolates were Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA).Resistance to Penicillin, Fluoroquinolone, Erythromycin, Gentamicin, Co-trimoxazole and Tetracyclinewere associated signifi cantly with MRSA isolates (X2= 8.779, p<0.05, X2= 74.233, p<0.05, X2= 84.2842,p<0.05, X2= 108.2032, p<0.05, X2= 88.1512, p<0.05 and X2= 79.1876, p<0.05 respectively). Althoughmost of the Methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) isolates were susceptible to both Rifampicinand Chloramphenicol, only Rifampicin susceptibility was signifi cantly associated with them (X2=10.1299, p<0.05). Among three Biochemical tests for the detection of β lactamase detection namelychromogenic, iodometric and acidimetric test, chromogenic test method had highest sensitivity andspecifi city.Conclusions: Since MRSA comprised a greater part of S. aureus isolates and were multi-resistant,patients infected by such strains should be identifi ed and kept in isolation for hospital infectioncontrol and treated with second line of drug like vancomycin.Key Words: β lactamase, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus,methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, resistance pattern

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus with reference to MRSA isolates from pediatric patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Ram Gurung ◽  
Prashanna Maharjan ◽  
Ganga GC
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Abstract Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the important superbugs distributed throughout the world. It causes minor skin infections to severe complications including nosocomial infections in both hospitals and community settings. These strains have multi-drug resistant property. Hence, they are difficult to manage which increase health-related costs and simultaneously intensifying the need for new antibiotics. The extent of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in children is largely unknown. The study determines the current status of S. aureus and MRSA causing various infections in pediatric patients visiting International Friendship Children’s Hospital (IFCH). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients visiting a hospital. Various clinical specimens were aseptically collected and processed according to standard microbiological procedures. Isolation and identification of S. aureus were done by microscopy, mannitol fermentation, and coagulase positivity. All identified S. aureus isolates subjected to in-vitro antibiogram by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique adopting Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline. Isolates resistant to cefoxitin were considered to be MRSA. Whereas, isolates produced D-shaped inhibition zone around clindamycin when kept near erythromycin were considered to be Inducible Clindamycin Resistant (ICR). Results: 672 various types of clinical samples were processed from the microbiology laboratory from June and November 2015. Out of 300 culture positive samples, 52 (17.3%) were S. aureus isolates, among them 39 (75.0%) were found to be MRSA. The D-test showed that Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin-B (MLSB) phenotype was 15.4%. Conclusion: The study shows the MRSA occurrence is prevalent in pediatric patients and newer classes’ drugs are found more effective than β-lactam drugs to treat S. aureus infection. However, restriction on the indiscriminate use of such drugs may be an effective strategy to control the drug resistance. Keywords: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B (MLSB) phenotype, Inducible Clindamycin Resistant (ICR) test or D-zone test, Antibiotic resistance, Nepal

Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Hospital-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Among Burn Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghann L. Kaiser ◽  
Deborah J. Thompson ◽  
Darren Malinoski ◽  
Christopher Lane ◽  
Marianne E. Cinat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Hospital Acquired
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