scholarly journals Isolation and Mophological Identification of Endophytic Fungi from Moringa Plant (Moringa oleifera Lam.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Hasnadhiazahra Rohadi ◽  
Nuraeni Ekowati ◽  
Moh Ilyas
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Mycelia Sterilia ◽  
Endophytic Microorganism ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Moringa oleifera Lam. is a small, perennial tree which belongs to moringaceae family. This plant is widely known for their nutritional and medicinal purposes. They can associate with microorganisms showing beneficial symbiosis called as endophytic microorganism. Endophytic fungi is microorganism capable of living within the plant tissues without harming their host.  This study was aimed for obtaining pure culture of fungal endophytes from M. oleifera and then identifying them based on morphological identification. The morphological identification was done by observing both macro- and micro- morphological characteristics of the endophytic fungi. Twenty endophytic fungi were isolated from lamina, petiole and stem of M. oleifera. The genus obtained were Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Phomopsis, Phyllosticta, white mycelia sterilia and black mycelia sterilia (Dematiaceae). Keywords: endophytic fungi; identification; isolation; morphology; Moringa oleifera Lam.

scholarly journals Study on Endophytic Fungi Associated with Moringa oleifera Lam. Collected from Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Indriati Ramadhani ◽  
Hasnadiazahra Rohadi ◽  
Yeni Yuliani ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Slight Modification ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Lombok Island ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

An assemblage of endophytic fungi was isolated from Moringa oleifera Lam. collected from Lombok island, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Fungal endophytes were isolated using surface sterilization methods with slight modification. Forty-six selected endophytic fungal strains were isolated from the leaves, petioles, and stems of M. oleifera. The fungal strains identification through morphological observation and ITS rDNA-based molecular analysis showed that fungal endophytes were associated with host plants belonging to the taxa Alternaria, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum (Glomerella), Corynespora, Curvularia (Cochliobolus), Fusarium, Mucor, Ochrocladosporium, Phomopsis (Diaporthe), and Trametes. In this study, endophytic Phomopsis dominating the obtained strains, whereas 26% (12/46) strains were isolated from host plant samples.

scholarly journals Fungal Endophytes of Vitis vinifera—Plant Growth Promotion Factors

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1250
Author(s):  
Markéta Kulišová ◽  
Maria Vrublevskaya ◽  
Petra Lovecká ◽  
Blanka Vrchotová ◽  
Milena Stránská ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Antifungal Compounds ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Promising Source

Endophytes are microorganisms that live asymptomatically inside plant tissues. They are beneficial to their host in many aspects, especially as a defense against foreign phytopathogens through the production of a variety of metabolites. These substances can serve as sources of new natural products for medicinal, agricultural, and industrial purposes. This article is focused on endophytic fungi from Vitis vinifera. The purpose of the research was their isolation and identification during the Vitis vinifera growing season. Subsequently, the isolates were tested for the production of biotechnologically interesting metabolites (siderophores, antioxidants, and antifungal compounds). In total, 24 endophytic fungi were isolated, the most represented genus was Cladosporium sp. The results of the test for antioxidant and antifungal properties, as well as siderophore production, have shown that the population of Vitis vinifera endophytic microscopic fungi could serve as a promising source of metabolites with a wide range of applications.

scholarly journals Biological characterization of fungal endophytes isolated from agarwood tree Aquilaria crassna Pierre ex Lecomte

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Kim Chi ◽  
Le Huu Cuong ◽  
Tran Thi Nhu Hang ◽  
Nguyen Dinh Luyen ◽  
Tran Thi Hong Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Aquilaria Crassna ◽  
Fruity Odor

In recent years, a considerable number of studies on the role of microbes in agarwood production have been carried out in plants of the species Aquilaria. Based on the fact that there is a relationship between the microorganisms residing inside the plant and the agarwood formation, we isolated and characterized endophytic fungi associated with A. crassna samples collected from Southern Vietnam. Morphological identification and DNA barcoding analysis of the fungal endophytic isolates indicated that they were classified at least into three groups of diverse genera: Geotrichum, Fusarium and Colletotrichum belonging to families Dipodascaceae, Nectriaceae and Glomerellaceae, respectively.  Noteworthy, Geotrichum candium strain SHTr1 isolated from a dark colored woody sample of agarwood was able to produce a fruity odor and exhibited a slight antimicrobial activity against the test bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. Another fungal isolate, Fusarium verticillioides SHTr3’s, showed a moderate antimicrobial activity against a test Gram positive bacteria Bacillus subtillis and S. aureus with MIC values at 50 μg.mL-1. At 200 μg.mL-1, the ethyl acetate extracts of fungal isolates F. verticillioides SHTr3 and Colletotrichum truncatum SHTrHc7 were found to have comparable scavenging abilities on DPPH-free radicals with 53.87 and 71.82%, respectively. The present results contribute to a depiction of a diverse fungal endophytic community in Vietnamese agarwood plant A. crassna and provide important information for further understanding of the role of endophytic fungi in agarwood formation and therapeutic applications of host plants in general.

Antioxidant metabolites from riparian fungal endophytes improve the tolerance of rice seedlings to flooding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Xue ◽  
Chengxiong Liu ◽  
Xiaoxuan Bai ◽  
Fan Cheng ◽  
Jianfeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Flooding Tolerance ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolites

Abstract Endophytic fungi have the potential to enhance plant resistance to various stresses and promote the ecological adaptation of the hosts. To evaluate the effects of the riparian endophytes on rice seedlings to flooding tolerance, here we screened out two endophytes from the plant Myricaria laxiflora growing in the Yangtze River zone. Through morphological characteristics and rDNA ITS (internal transcriber region) sequence, the two strains were respectively identified as Aspergillus fumigatus and Chaetomium globosum. Metabolites derived from both fungi were capable of increasing tolerance to flooding. Systematic separation and purification coupled to bioassays revealed that two natural antioxidants, Z-N-4-hydroxystyryl formamide (NFA) and chaetoglobosin A (CheA), were effective for alleviating flooding stress. Both NFA and CheA inhibited the production of factors such as malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, ethanol dehydrogenase, and NADPH oxidase that are associated with oxidative stress induced by flooding. Gene expression analyses of NADPH oxidase families indicated that OsRbohB could be involved in conferring flooding tolerance mediated by the two natural antioxidants. These findings contribute to understanding the role of the natural antioxidants in riparian endophytic fungi, and providing a basis for improvement of flooding tolerance of rice and other crop plants through the antioxidants of the fungal endophytes.

scholarly journals Diversity and antibacterial activity of fungal endophytes from Eucalyptus exserta

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziling Mao ◽  
Weihao Zhang ◽  
Chunyin Wu ◽  
Hao Feng ◽  
Yuanhang Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fungal Isolates

Abstract Background Eucalyptus bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is an important eucalyptus disease. Endophytic fungi, an important source of natural active substances, provide a new breakthrough for the control of plant diseases. Results In the present study, 80 endophytic fungal isolates were obtained from the healthy branches and fruits of Eucalyptus exserta. Fifteen distinct isolates (MK120854-MK120868) were selected for further taxonomic identification through morphological trait assessments and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region-rRNA gene sequence analysis. Thirteen genera, namely, Phyllosticta, Penicillium, Eutypella, Purpureocillium, Talaromyces, Lophiostoma, Cladosporium, Pestalotiopsis, Chaetomium, Fusarium, Gongronella, Scedosporium and Pseudallescheria, were identified on the basis of their morphological characteristics. Members of the genus Phyllosticta were the primary isolates, with a colonization frequency (CF) of 27.5 %. Most of the fungal isolates displayed antibacterial activity. The crude extracts obtained from Lophiostoma sp. Eef-7, Pestalotiopsis sp. Eef-9 and Chaetomium sp. Eef-10 exhibited strong inhibition on the test bacteria, and Lophiostoma sp. Eef-7 was further cultured on a large scale. Three known compounds, scorpinone (1), 5-deoxybostrycoidin (2) and 4-methyl-5,6-dihydro-2 H-pyran-2-one (3), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Lophiostoma sp. Eef-7 associated with E. exserta. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectra and a comparison of their spectral data with published values. Compounds 1 and 2 showed weak antimicrobial activity against Ralstonia solanacearum. Conclusions Endophytic fungi from Eucalyptus exserta may represent alternative sources of antimicrobial agents. Lophiostoma sp. Eef-7 can produce 2-azaanthraquinone derivatives and shows weak antibacterial activity against Ralstonia solanacearum.

scholarly journals Biodiversity study of endophytic fungi associated with two Quercus species in Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. e003
Author(s):  
Saied Ghasemi ◽  
Sima Khodaei ◽  
Kaivan Karimi ◽  
Majid Tavakoli ◽  
Illaria Pertot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Its Rdna ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Quercus Species ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
East Azerbaijan

Aim of study: In this study, frequency and diversity of fungal endophyte communities inhabiting twigs and branches of apparently healthy Q. macranthera and Q. brantii in East Azerbaijan and Lorestan provinces of Iran is presented.Area of study: East Azerbaijan and Lorestan provinces in Iran.Materials and methods: Culturable fungal endophytes were recovered from wood tissues using routine technique for isolation of fungal endophytes. The identity of fungal isolates were determined based on morphological characteristics and sequences data of ITS-rDNA region and Beta-tubulin gene. Frequency and diversity among fungal communities were analyzed using chi-square test and biodiversity indices.Main results: The highest frequency and diversity was detected for fungal endophyte community recovered from Q. macranthera and East Azerbaijan province. The assemblage of endophytic fungi characterized in this study in healthy tissues of oak trees indicates that some of the fungi are possible latent pathogens such as Biscogniauxia mediterranea with 18.28% frequency followed by Alternaria alternata and Trichothecium roseum respectively. Two fungal taxa of Pyronema domesticum and Valsa persoonii are reported for the first time in Iran. Overall, the results of this study show that the plant species and growth location influence frequency and diversity of culturable fungal endophytic communities of Quercus in Iran.Keywords: Quercus macranthera, Quercus brantii, Fungal endophytes, Molecular identification.Abbreviations used: CBS (Centraal Bureau voor Schimmelcultures); CCTU (Culture Collection of University of Tabriz); GTR (General Time Reversible); HKY (Hasegawa Kishino Yano); ITS-rDNA (Internal Transcribed Space); km (kilometer) ; PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar); TUB (Tubulin).

scholarly journals Induction of autotetraploid Moringa plant (Moringa oleifera) using oryzalin

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridwan Ridwan ◽  
Witjaksono Witjaksono
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Induction Method ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Stomata Size ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Abstract. Ridwan, Witjaksono. 2020. Induction of autotetraploid Moringa plant (Moringa oleifera) using oryzalin. Biodiversitas 21: 4086-4093. Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) is a plant with high nutritional content and has been widely used as a vegetable and health food ingredient, but its utilization and productivity have not been optimal. Increasing plant productivity can be done by increasing biomass which can be obtained through increasing plant ploidy. This study aims at obtaining tetraploid Moringa by induction using oryzalin compound. Moringa germinating seeds were soaked in oryzalin water solutions for 1, 3, and 5 days with concentrations of 0 µM (control), 15 µM, 30 µM, 60 µM, and 120 µM with 10 seeds for each treatment. We have recovered two tetraploid Moringa plants and two chimeric plants of diploid and tetraploid genomes. Immersing germinating seeds for 1 day in 15 or 60 µM oryzalin concentration effectively induced autopolyploid in Moringa. Tetraploid plants exhibit typical morphological characteristics of a tetraploid, such as low stomata density, larger stomata size, and larger leaflet size compared to the diploid counterpart. The induced tetraploid plants have significantly increased protein, fat, and calcium content compared to the diploid counterpart emphasizing their values as functional food. This polyploidy induction method can be used to produce Moringa tetraploid lines from various accessions in the attempts of developing and selecting high yielding tetraploid Moringa cultivars.

scholarly journals Isolation and identification of L-asparaginase-producing endophytic fungi from the Asteraceae family plant species of Iran

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sareh Hatamzadeh ◽  
Kamran Rahnama ◽  
Saeed Nasrollahnejad ◽  
Khalil Berdi Fotouhifar ◽  
Khodayar Hemmati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Alternative Source

L-asparaginase is an important anticancer enzyme that is used in the first line treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This study was conducted to isolate L-asparaginase-producing endophytic fungi from medicinal plants of family Asteraceae. Seven healthy medicinal plants from family Asteraceae were selected for the isolation of endophytic fungi using standard surface sterilization techniques. A total of 837 isolates belonging to 84 species were comprised of the stem (55.6%), leaf (31.1%), root (10.6%) and flower (2.7%). Initial screening of L-asparaginase-producing endophytes was performed by qualitative plate assay on modified Czapex dox’s agar medium. L-asparaginase activity of fungal endophytes was quantified by the nesslerization method. Identification of endophytic fungi was performed using both morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data including ribosomal DNA regions of ITS (Internal transcribed spacer) and LSU (partial large subunit rDNA), TEF1 (Translation Elongation Factor) and TUB (β-tubulin). Of the 84 isolates, 38 were able to produce L-asparaginase and their L-asparaginase activities were between 0.019 and 0.492 unit/mL with Fusarium proliferatum being the most potent. L-asparaginase-producing endophytes were identified as species of Plectosphaerella, Fusarium, Stemphylium, Septoria, Alternaria, Didymella, Phoma, Chaetosphaeronema, Sarocladium, Nemania, Epicoccum, Ulocladium and Cladosporium. This study showed that endophytic fungi from Asteraceae members have a high L-asparaginase-producing potential and they can be used as an alternative source for production of anticancer enzymes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document