scholarly journals Application of Social Network Analysis for Livelihood System Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanchayeeta Misra ◽  
Rupak Goswami ◽  
Debabrata Basu ◽  
Rabindranath Jana
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Rural Institutions ◽  
Livelihood System

Social Network Analysis (SNA) has received growing attention among diverse academic fields for studying ‘social relations’ among individuals and institutions. Unfortunately, its application has remained limited in the study of livelihood systems of rural poor. Complexity in rural livelihoods has increased sharply in the face of increased pressure on natural resources and rapid shift in farm-based to non-farm based employments. This poses great challenge to successful livelihood intervention in rural areas. On one hand, rural development/extension needs to cater to diverse information and service need of the rural people; on other hand, rural institutions need to deliver livelihood-sustaining services more efficiently, which often need institutional restructuring at multiple levels. To achieve these challenges, a strong innovative analytical tool is required for understanding the complexity of rural livelihoods and the associated role of rural institutions. SNA provides excellent scope to analyse such complex systems and interactions among their components. This article proposes an outline of using SNA in livelihood system analysis. The analysis can provide answer to many questions of practical importance – Who are the influential actors in a livelihood system? Which are the key institutions contributing towards sustainable livelihoods? How do these actors interact among themselves? This will help rural development administrators to deliver livelihood-supporting services more efficiently through informed targeting and capacity building.

Network Perspectives on the Past: Tackling the Challenges

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Brughmans ◽  
Anna Collar
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Special Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Full Diversity ◽  
Strength Of Weak Ties

As his keynote address to the 1990 Sunbelt Social Networks conference, Mark Granovetter presented a paper entitled ‘The Myth of Social Network Analysis as a Special Method in the Social Sciences’ (Granovetter 1990). In it, he described how the popular social network theory he proposed, ‘The Strength of Weak Ties’ (Granovetter 1973), was like a spectre that haunted his academic career: although he subsequently pursued other research interests, he found that ‘as I got more deeply into any subject, network ideas kept coming in the back door’. He concluded that social network analysis (SNA) is not a ‘special’ method in social science, because ‘no part of social life can be properly analysed without seeing how it is fundamentally embedded in networks of social relations’ (Granovetter 1990: 15). However, he noted that to many, SNA is an alien concept: ‘we need to remember that there are many scholars outside the house of social network analysis who think in a relational way but don’t see the kinship with network methods and ideas’ (Granovetter 1990: 15). This observation echoes the current position of network studies in archaeology and history. Few would argue that relationships between social entities are not important for understanding past social processes. However, more explicit application of network theories and methods is not yet a mainstream part of our disciplines. Although it is the case that some researchers are not aware of the advantages such perspectives might offer, the current ‘niche’ status of network applications in archaeological and historical research relates to a more general misperception: that network concepts and methodologies per se are simply not appropriate for use in research in these disciplines. This volume aims to address both issues: the contributions in this volume demonstrate both the enormous potential of network methodologies, and also—and perhaps more importantly—acknowledge and address a range of perceived problems and reservations relating to the application of network perspectives to the study of the past, thereby encouraging and enabling their wider use in archaeology and history. The full diversity of network perspectives has only been introduced in our disciplines relatively recently.

scholarly journals Multi-Criteria Pythagorean Fuzzy Group Decision Approach Based on Social Network Analysis

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Chu ◽  
Liu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Fuzzy Decision Making ◽  
Pythagorean Fuzzy Set ◽  
Fuzzy Group

With the development of social media, the social relationships among group decision makers should be taken into consideration when addressing group decision making problems. As an extension of the fuzzy set, the Pythagorean fuzzy set has recently been applied to depict the uncertainty in practical group decision problems. The purpose of this paper is to propose a multi-criteria Pythagorean fuzzy group decision approach considering social relations. In this paper, the similarity degree and the paths between any two experts in a social network are combined to construct a connection strength matrix to detect the leader among all the experts. A leader-following consensus reaching algorithm is proposed to adjust the multi-criteria Pythagorean fuzzy decision making matrix. Moreover, a procedure for the multi-criteria Pythagorean fuzzy group decision approach based on social network analysis is proposed. We use an example to illustrate the feasibility and advantages of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Historical Social Network Analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (S6) ◽  
pp. 125-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Wetherell
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Social Science Theory ◽  
The Past ◽  
Science Theory ◽  
Data Requirements

In the past two decades, social network analysis (SNA) has become a major analytical paradigm in sociology and now occupies a strategic place in disciplinary debates on a wide variety of issues. Historians, however, have been slow to adopt the approach for at least three reasons. First, the conceptual orientation of sociologists practicing historical social network analysis (HSNA) remains unfamiliar to the majority of professional historians. Just when SNA was maturing in the late 1980s and 1990s, the interdisciplinary interest in social science theory among historians, so characteristic of the 1970s and early 1980s, began to wane. The subsequent turn toward post modernist thinking in history left the profession increasingly uninformed about both classical and contemporary social theory. Second, those quantitatively-oriented historians who might be predisposed to use SNA's specialized statistical methods constitute less than a quarter of the profession today, thus the risk of SNA finding its way into mainstream historical scholarship is low to start. Third, SNA's data requirements are formidable. SNA demands evidence of social interaction among all members of a social system for a variety of behaviors, and thus necessitates a broad range of high-quality records for the place, time and activities being studied. Because historians are plagued by an incomplete historical record and imperfect understandings of past social relations, HSNA remains an inherently problematic enterprise. Yet despite conceptual, methodological and evidentiary obstacles, SNA possesses real potential for historical analysis.

scholarly journals Impact of Collective Trademarks in Mexican artisanal cheesemakers

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Andrea Agudelo-López ◽  
Fernando Cervantes-Escoto ◽  
Alfredo Cesín-Vargas ◽  
María Isabel Palacios-Rangel ◽  
Angélica Espinoza-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Strategic Networks ◽  
External Actors ◽  
Depth Interviews

Processes related to Collective Trademarks (CTMs), and the state of social friendship, productive support, and strategic networks, were studied for three different artisanal cheesemaker groups: Queso Bola de Ocosingo with an inactive CTM, Queso de Poro de Balancán, with an active CTM, and Quesillo de Reyes Etla, with a CTM undergoing its negotiation process. The influence of negotiation and operation of CTMs as consolidation strategies of three Mexican artisanal cheesemakers was analyzed through a mixed investigation involving in-depth interviews, social network analysis, and quantitative information. The research indicated that networks are small with scarce interaction among the actors, and, where collective strategies have not been induced, the networks are more disconnected and show a higher proportion of isolated nodes. It is concluded that, when collective strategies come from external actors without the necessary accompaniment, they tend to fail because their actions are supported by temporal actors, impacting social relations among cheesemakers.

Dyadic, Nodal, and Group-Level Approaches to Study the Antecedents and Consequences of Networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 187-218
Author(s):  
Filip Agneessens
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Group Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Approaches To Study ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Level Of Analysis

Social network analysis encompasses a variety of methods to study the social relations and social interactions between individual units in a group. This chapter offers an overview of the types of research questions that can be answered with social network analysis and discusses appropriate statistical methods and network sampling approaches to answer such questions. Six basic types of models are identified, based on two criteria: (1) whether the researchers are interested in the antecedents of networks and/or their consequences and (2) the appropriate level of analysis, in particular the dyadic, nodal, or group level. Extensions and variations of these six basic models are discussed, for example models where networks take on the role of mediator or moderator, as well as models that incorporate multiple levels of analysis and models that integrate network antecedents and network consequences simultaneously.

scholarly journals Birds of a Feather Flock Together and Opposites Attract: The Nonlinear Relationship Between Personality and Friendship

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Liu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Social Network Data ◽  
Social Entities

Whether birds of a feather flock together or opposites attract is a classical research question in social and personality psychology. In most existing studies, correlation-based techniques are commonly used to study the similarity/dissimilarity among social entities. Social network data comprises two primary components: actors and the possible social relations between them. It, therefore, has observations on both the dyads with and without social relations. Because of the availability of the baseline group (dyads without social relations), it is possible to contrast the two groups of dyads using social network analysis techniques. This study aims to illustrate how to use social network analysis techniques to address psychological research questions. Specifically, we will investigate how the similarity or dissimilarity of actor's characteristics relates to the likelihood for them to build social relations. By analyzing a college friendship network, we found the quadratic relations between personality similarity and friendship. Both very similar and very dissimilar personalities boost friendship among college students.

scholarly journals A Social Network Analysis of the Impact of a Teacher and Student Community on Academic Motivation in a Science Classroom

Societies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manyu Li ◽  
Heather Stone
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Science Classroom ◽  
Student Community ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: The Teacher and student community plays an important role in students’ academic development. Previous studies showed that students’ academic success is influenced by their social relations in school. This study extended to use a mix of social network analysis and survey methodology to understand how eighth-grade students’ network and perceived teacher’s support relate to their academic motivation. (2) Methods: A total of 95 eighth graders with the same teacher in a middle school in the southeastern United States were recruited. (3) Results: Results showed that the number of friendship nominations received (i.e., in-degree), degree centrality and betweenness centrality significantly correlated with higher academic motivation. In addition, a regression model analysis showed that perceived teacher’s support, together with more friendship nominations, predicted higher academic motivation.

scholarly journals IRL relational dependence in Swedish trauma teams- a Social Network Analysis of communication

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
Liselott Fornander ◽  
Kati Kaukkanen ◽  
Ida Molin ◽  
Lena Nilsson ◽  
Karin Björnström Karlsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Team Members ◽  
The Social ◽  
Trauma Teams

Functional teamwork in trauma resuscitation teams is essential for team performance and the quality of care. Challenging situations put strain on the teams, which can affect how coordination is achieved. Proposedly there is a relation between the adapted social structure of the team and the acquisition of a common mental model in the team, which facilitates task performance. From other studies it is proposed that the equality of reliance between team members and an open-structure of information sharing is coupled to the possibility of establishing shared goals and situational awareness within the team. This would correspond to low centralization in teams. This study assessed the social structure of IRL teams from trauma resuscitations through a Social Network Analysis (SNA) of communication. The analysis revealed that the examining physician was the most prominent communicator. However, the teams had over-all high degrees of centrality on more than one of its parts, making them high in centralization but not “star-like”. The study provides a snapshot of social relations IRL and hints about future possibilities of studying the dynamics of social interaction in emergency teams.

Social Network Analysis of Actors in Rural Development: A Case Study of Yanhe Village, Hubei Province, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 869-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Wang ◽  
Xiaoming Wang ◽  
Jingxia Wu ◽  
Guochao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Hubei Province
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