Lives and Livelihoods: Potential Health and Economic Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the DC Workforce

Abstract Objectives Excess caloric intake is linked to weight gain, obesity and related diseases including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Obesity incidence has been on the rise, with almost 2 of 3 people being overweight or obese in the US. In 2018, the US federal government passed a law mandating the labeling of calories on all menu items across chain restaurants, as a strategy to support informed consumer choice and reduce caloric intake. Yet, potential health and economic impacts of this policy remain unclear. Methods We used a validated microsimulation model (CVD-PREDICT) to estimate reductions in CVD events, diabetes cases, gains in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), costs, and cost-effectiveness of two policy scenarios: (1) implementation of the federal menu calorie labelling (menu calorie label), and (2) further accounting for corresponding industry reformulation (menu calorie label + reformulation). The model utilized nationally representative demographic and dietary data from NHANES 2009–2016; policy effects on consumer intake and BMI-disease effects from published meta-analyses; and policy effects on industry reformulation, policy costs (policy administration, industry compliance and reformulation) and health-related costs (formal and informal healthcare costs, productivity costs) from established sources. We conservatively modeled change in calories to change in weight using an established dynamic weight-change model. Findings were evaluated over 10 years and lifetime from a healthcare and societal perspective. Costs were inflated to constant 2018 USD, and costs and QALYs were discounted at 3% annually. We performed probabilistic analyses and a range of one-way sensitivity and subgroup analyses to assess the robustness of our findings. Results Sample statistics were shown (Table). American adults (35+) consume ∼21% calorie from restaurants (Figure) that would be reduced by 2% due to this law at the population level. Government administration costs were estimated at 11.6$M, industry compliance costs at 652$M, and industry reformulation costs at 9.2$B. Findings for all other analyses will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions These findings will provide much needed evidence on the health and economic impacts of the US menu calorie labeling law. Funding Sources NIH, AHA. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

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Exposure-based assessment of potential health and economic impacts due to nitrate pollution of drinking water in the United States

Environmental Epidemiology ◽

10.1097/01.ee9.0000610368.91788.f0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 391-392

Author(s):

Temkin A

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Economic Impacts ◽

The United States ◽

Nitrate Pollution ◽

Potential Health

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Author Correction: Potential health and economic impacts of dexamethasone treatment for patients with COVID-19

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-22038-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ricardo Águas ◽

◽

Adam Mahdi ◽

Rima Shretta ◽

Peter Horby ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Economic Impacts ◽

Dexamethasone Treatment ◽

Potential Health ◽

Correction Potential

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22038-x.

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Exploring equity in health and poverty impacts of control measures for SARS-CoV-2 in six countries

BMJ Global Health ◽

10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005521 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. e005521

Author(s):

Sedona Sweeney ◽

Theo Prudencio Juhani Capeding ◽

Rosalind Eggo ◽

Maryam Huda ◽

Mark Jit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Protection ◽

Economic Impacts ◽

The Philippines ◽

Control Measures ◽

Income Loss ◽

Potential Health ◽

Complex Models ◽

Intervention Policy ◽

The Cost ◽

The Impact

BackgroundPolicy makers need to be rapidly informed about the potential equity consequences of different COVID-19 strategies, alongside their broader health and economic impacts. While there are complex models to inform both potential health and macro-economic impact, there are few tools available to rapidly assess potential equity impacts of interventions.MethodsWe created an economic model to simulate the impact of lockdown measures in Pakistan, Georgia, Chile, UK, the Philippines and South Africa. We consider impact of lockdown in terms of ability to socially distance, and income loss during lockdown, and tested the impact of assumptions on social protection coverage in a scenario analysis.ResultsIn all examined countries, socioeconomic status (SES) quintiles 1–3 were disproportionately more likely to experience income loss (70% of people) and inability to socially distance (68% of people) than higher SES quintiles. Improving social protection increased the percentage of the workforce able to socially distance from 48% (33%–60%) to 66% (44%–71%). We estimate the cost of this social protection would be equivalent to an average of 0.6% gross domestic product (0.1% Pakistan–1.1% Chile).ConclusionsWe illustrate the potential for using publicly available data to rapidly assess the equity implications of social protection and non-pharmaceutical intervention policy. Social protection is likely to mitigate inequitable health and economic impacts of lockdown. Although social protection is usually targeted to the poorest, middle quintiles will likely also need support as they are most likely to suffer income losses and are disproportionately more exposed.

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Lectins from Vigna radiata - A potential health supplement

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0031-1282615 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 77 (12) ◽

Author(s):

SR Singh ◽

PA Tatke ◽

VP Naharwar

Keyword(s):

Vigna Radiata ◽

Potential Health

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Invasive Shot Hole Borers Euwallacea fornicatus, E. kuroshio, and E. perbrevis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-fr422-2019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (1) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Demian F. Gomez ◽

Jiri Hulcr ◽

Daniel Carrillo

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Invasive Species ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Economic Impacts ◽

Forest Resources ◽

Economic Damage ◽

Ambrosia Beetles ◽

Invasive Insects ◽

The World ◽

And Control

Invasive species, those that are nonnative and cause economic damage, are one of the main threats to ecosystems around the world. Ambrosia beetles are some of the most common invasive insects. Currently, severe economic impacts have been increasingly reported for all the invasive shot hole borers in South Africa, California, Israel, and throughout Asia. This 7-page fact sheet written by Demian F. Gomez, Jiri Hulcr, and Daniel Carrillo and published by the School of Forest Resources and Conservation describes shot hole borers and their biology and hosts and lists some strategies for prevention and control of these pests. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr422

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Book Reviews

Kurdish Studies ◽

10.33182/ks.v2i1.381 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 80-95

Author(s):

Ulrike Flader ◽

Vera Ecarius-Kelly ◽

Clemence SCALBERT-YÜCEL ◽

Michael M. Gunter ◽

Tozun Bahcheli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Brunswick ◽

Economic Impacts ◽

Publishing House ◽

Rutgers University ◽

Ashgate Publishing ◽

Kurdish Question ◽

Newcastle Upon Tyne

Cengiz Gunes and Welat Zeydanlıoğlu (eds.), The Kurdish Question in Turkey: New Perspectives on Violence, Representation and Reconciliation, London: Routledge, 2014, 288 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-415-83015-7).Almas Heshmati and Nabaz T. Khayyat, Socio-Economic Impacts of Landmines in Southern Kurdistan, Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2013, 341 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-4438-4198-6).Estelle Amy de la Bretèque, Paroles Mélodisées: Récits épiques et lamentations chez les Yézidis d’Arménie (Melodised speech. Heroic songs and laments among the Yezidis of Armenia), Paris: Classiques Garnier, 2013, 230pp., (ISBN: 978-2-8124-0787-1).Diane E. King, Kurdistan on the Global Stage: Kinship, Land, and Community in Iraq, New Brunswick and London: Rutgers University Press, 2014. 286 pp., (ISBN: 9780813563534).Michael M. Gunter and Mohammed M.A. Ahmed (eds.), The Kurdish Spring: Geopolitical Changes and the Kurds, Costa Mesa: Mazda Publishers, 2013, 344 pp., (ISBN: 978-1568592725).Derya Bayır, Minorities and Nationalism in Turkish Law, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing House, 2013, 314 pp., (ISBN: 9781409420071).

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