scholarly journals Succession and Vegetation-Soil Relationship in Quarries of Southeastern Mexico

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirna Valdez-Hernández ◽  
Rossana Gil-Medina ◽  
Jorge Omar López-Martínez ◽  
Nuria Torrescano-Valle ◽  
Nancy Cabanillas-Terán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Depth ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Bursera Simaruba ◽  
Common Activity ◽  
Poaceae Family ◽  
Cationic Exchange ◽  
Edaphic Variables

Open pit mining is a common activity in the Yucatan peninsula for the extraction of limestone. This mining is known under the generic name of quarries, and regionally as sascaberas (sascab=white soil in Mayan language). These areas are characterized by the total removal of the natural vegetation cover and soil in order to have access to the calcareous material. The present study shows the composition and structure of the vegetation in five quarries after approximately ten years of abandonment, and the conserved vegetation near to each one of the quarries in southeastern Quintana Roo. Using a canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), the distribution of the species was determined in relation to the edaphic variables: soil depth, percentage of organic matter (OM), cationic exchange capacity (CEC), pH and texture. 26 families, 46 genera and 50 species were recorded in the quarries and 25 families, 45 genera and 47 species were recorded in the conserved areas. The dominant species in the quarries belong to the families Poaceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae and Anacardiaceae. The quarries with higher values of OM (1.63%), CEC (24.05 Cmol/kg), depth (11 cm) and sand percentage (31.33%) include the following species like Lysiloma latisiliquum, Metopium brownei and Bursera simaruba which are commonly found in secondary forests. On the other hand, quarries with lower values of OM (0.39%), CEC (16.58 Cmol/kg) and depth (5.02), and higher percentage of silt (42.44%) were dominated by herbaceous species belonging to the Poaceae family and by Borreria verticillata, which are typical in disturbed areas of southeastern Mexico. In all cases, the pH was slightly alkaline due to the content of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), characteristic of the soils of the region. The edaphic variables are significantly correlated with the development and distribution of vegetation, and with the structure of the communities.

scholarly journals Succession and the Relationship between Vegetation and Soil in the Marl Quarries of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirna Valdez-Hernández ◽  
Rossana Gil-Medina ◽  
Jorge O. López-Martínez ◽  
Nuria Torrescano-Valle ◽  
Nancy Cabanillas-Terán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Yucatan Peninsula ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Yucatán Peninsula

Open-pit mining is a common activity in the Yucatan Peninsula for the extraction of limestone. These areas are characterized by the total removal of the natural vegetation cover and soil in order to access calcareous material. The present study shows the composition and structure of the vegetation in five quarries after approximately ten years of abandonment, and the target vegetation near to the quarries in southeastern Mexico. A linear mixed model showed that P availability is one of the limiting factors for species establishment in the quarries. Using a canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), the distribution of the species was determined in relation to the edaphic variables: soil depth, the percentage of organic matter (OM), cationic exchange capacity (CEC), pH and texture. Twenty-six families, 46 genera and 50 species were recorded in the quarries, and 25 families, 45 genera and 47 species were recorded in the conserved areas. The dominant species in the quarries belong to the families Poaceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae and Anacardiaceae. The quarries with higher values of OM (2%), CEC (24 Cmol/kg), depth (11 cm) and sand percentage (31%) include the following species Lysiloma latisiliquum (L.) Benth., Metopium brownei (Jacq.) Urb. and Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg., which are common in secondary forests. Quarries with lower values of OM (0.4%), CEC (17 Cmol/kg) and depth (5.02), and with a higher percentage of silt (42%) were dominated by herbs belonging to Poaceae and by Borreria verticillate (L.) G. Mey., which are typical in disturbed areas of southeastern Mexico. In all cases, the pH was slightly alkaline due to the content of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), characteristic of the soils of the region.

scholarly journals ANALISIS BENTUK GEOMETRI TERHADAP STABILITAS LERENG PADA TAMBANG TERBUKA DARI ASPEK GEOTEKNIK

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-176
Author(s):  
Lisa Fianti ◽  
Munirwansyah Munirwansyah ◽  
Halida Yunita
Keyword(s):  
Slope Stability ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Geometric Shape ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Soil Parameter ◽  
The Stability

Aceh Province is one of the coal producers, especially Sumber Batu Village in Meurebo District, West Aceh Regency. In the implementation of coal mining, it is necessary to pay attention to the slope stability of open-pit mining to identify and estimate the possibility of landslides. For this reason, the author conducted research in analyzing the geometric shape of the slope stability with the slope variance of modeling the reduction of the existing angle αeks - 10% to the depth of three layers of soil 11 meters. The 1st layer of soil is 1.5 meters, the second layer of soil is 2.5 meters, and the third layer of soil is 7 meters. Slope stability is strongly influenced by the geometric shape of the slope and the strength of soil parameters. To identify the stability of the slope against slope failure, computationally performed using the finite element method with Plaxis software as the reference for the value of FK 1.25, which is considered safe/stable, meaning that collapse rarely occurs. In this research, primary data is used in the form of direct observation in the field, namely taking soil samples to obtain soil data in the form of soil physical properties and soil mechanical properties into soil parameter data, which is tested in the soil laboratory. Secondary data used are map data, boring data, and Sondir data. Soil parameter data were processed using Plaxis software. The results of the slope stability analysis showed that by modeling the geometric shape of the slope (αeks - 10%) on the open slope of a coal mine with a soil depth of 11 meters, the FK value was 3.60. From the results of the FK scores, it shows that the slope of the slope is 3.60 1.25 above the reference value of safe/stable FK. The FK value is 0.2 greater than the FK existing geometry. The conclusion of this study is that geometric shapes play an important role in determining the stability of an open coal pit excavation slope. The smaller the slope angle, the greater the FK value obtained, or the more gentle the slope, the higher the safety value of a slope.

Coal mining-disturbed land reclamation laws

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
T. V. Galanina ◽  
M. I. Baumgarten ◽  
T. G. Koroleva
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Disturbed Land ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
Production Output

Large-scale mining disturbs wide areas of land. The development program for the mining industry, with an expected considerable increase in production output, aggravates the problem with even vaster territories exposed to the adverse anthropogenic impact. Recovery of mining-induced ecosystems in the mineral-extracting regions becomes the top priority objective. There are many restoration mechanisms, and they should be used in integration and be highly technologically intensive as the environmental impact is many-sided. This involves pollution of water, generation of much waste and soil disturbance which is the most typical of open pit mining. Scale disturbance of land, withdrawal of farming land, land pollution and littering are critical problems to the solved in the first place. One of the way outs is highquality reclamation. This article reviews the effective rules and regulations on reclamation. The mechanism is proposed for the legal control of disturbed land reclamation on a regional and federal level. Highly technologically intensive recovery of mining-induced landscape will be backed up by the natural environment restoration strategy proposed in the Disturbed Land Reclamation Concept.

Current state and perspectives in automation of the open pit mining operations

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (30) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
A.A. Sobolev ◽  
◽  
G.V. Sekisov ◽  
A.Yu. Cheban ◽  
N.M. Litvinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Current State

Bulldozer-based technology for open pit mining of limestone-dolomite deposits

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
K.R. Argimbaev ◽  
◽  
D.N. Ligotsky ◽  
E.V. Loginov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining

scholarly journals On the Measures to Solve Environmental Problems of the Territory with Intensive Open Pit Coal Mining

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Tatiana Gvozdkova ◽  
Pawel Stefanek ◽  
Michaela Koščová
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Disturbed Land ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
Suitable Form

Ecological problems in the open pit mining of coal deposits are extremely hard, since mining operations are accompanied by disturbed land to a large depth with significant changes in the landscape, hydrometeorological conditions, mixing of rocks and removal of infertile or even harmful rocks with radioactive isotopes to the surface. Disturbed lands are unusable if they are not repaired. All man-made disturbances of the environment caused by open pit mining are divided into landscape (changes in terrain, vegetation and soil cover) and environmental (violation of living conditions within the allotment and adjacent lands: changes in water regime, pollution of the soil, air and water basins) onesOne of the most important areas in the field of environmental protection is the reclamation (restoration) of the earth’s surface. In accordance with the requirements of the protection of the subsoil, enterprises engaged in the development of mineral deposits are obliged at their own expense to bring disturbed lands into a state suitable form for their further use. Reclamation of ought to be carried out during open pit mining operations and must be completed after mining of mineral resources in the terms established by the authorities that provide land for use.

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