scholarly journals Data–Driven Control Techniques for Renewable Energy Conversion Systems: Wind Turbine and Hydroelectric Plants

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Simani ◽  
Stefano Alvisi ◽  
Mauro Venturini
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Hydroelectric Plants

The interest on the use of renewable energy resources is increasing, especially towards wind and hydro powers, which should be efficiently converted into electric energy via suitable technology tools. To this aim, data--driven control techniques represent viable strategies that can be employed for this purpose, due to the features of these nonlinear dynamic processes working over a wide range of operating conditions, driven by stochastic inputs, excitations and disturbances. Some of the considered methods, such as fuzzy and adaptive self--tuning controllers, were already verified on wind turbine systems, and similar advantages may thus derive from their appropriate implementation and application to hydroelectric plants. These issues represent the key features of the work, which provides some guidelines on the design and the application of these control strategies to these energy conversion systems. The working conditions of these systems will be also taken into account in order to highlight the reliability and robustness characteristics of the developed control strategies, especially interesting for remote and relatively inaccessible location of many installations.

scholarly journals Self--Tuning Control Techniques for Wind Turbine and Hydroelectric Plant Systems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Simani ◽  
Stefano Alvisi ◽  
Mauro Venturini
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Hydroelectric Plant ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Self Tuning

The interest on the use of renewable energy resources is increasing, especially towards wind and hydro powers, which should be efficiently converted into electric energy via suitable technology tools. To this aim, self--tuning control techniques represent viable strategies that can be employed for this purpose, due to the features of these nonlinear dynamic processes working over a wide range of operating conditions, driven by stochastic inputs, excitations and disturbances. Some of the considered methods were already verified on wind turbine systems, and important advantages may thus derive from the appropriate implementation of the same control schemes for hydroelectric plants. This represents the key point of the work, which provides some guidelines on the design and the application of these control strategies to these energy conversion systems. In fact, it seems that investigations related with both wind and hydraulic energies present a reduced number of common aspects, thus leading to little exchange and share of possible common points. This consideration is particularly valid with reference to the more established wind area when compared to hydroelectric systems. In this way, this work recalls the models of wind turbine and hydroelectric system, and investigates the application of different control solutions. The scope is to analyse common points in the control objectives and the achievable results from the application of different solutions. Another important point of this investigation regards the analysis of the exploited benchmark models, their control objectives, and the development of the control solutions. The working conditions of these energy conversion systems will be also taken into account in order to highlight the reliability and robustness characteristics of the developed control strategies, especially interesting for remote and relatively inaccessible location of many installations.

scholarly journals Data-Driven Control Techniques for Renewable Energy Conversion Systems: Wind Turbine and Hydroelectric Plants

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Simani ◽  
Stefano Alvisi ◽  
Mauro Venturini
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Model Predictive Control ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Hydroelectric Plants

The interest in the use of renewable energy resources is increasing, especially towards wind and hydro powers, which should be efficiently converted into electric energy via suitable technology tools. To this end, data-driven control techniques represent viable strategies that can be employed for this purpose, due to the features of these nonlinear dynamic processes of working over a wide range of operating conditions, driven by stochastic inputs, excitations and disturbances. Therefore, the paper aims at providing some guidelines on the design and the application of different data-driven control strategies to a wind turbine benchmark and a hydroelectric simulator. They rely on self-tuning PID, fuzzy logic, adaptive and model predictive control methodologies. Some of the considered methods, such as fuzzy and adaptive controllers, were successfully verified on wind turbine systems, and similar advantages may thus derive from their appropriate implementation and application to hydroelectric plants. These issues represent the key features of the work, which provides some details of the implementation of the proposed control strategies to these energy conversion systems. The simulations will highlight that the fuzzy regulators are able to provide good tracking capabilities, which are outperformed by adaptive and model predictive control schemes. The working conditions of the considered processes will be also taken into account in order to highlight the reliability and robustness characteristics of the developed control strategies, especially interesting for remote and relatively inaccessible location of many plants.

scholarly journals A Steady-State Equivalent Circuit of TSCAOI Configured Induction Generator for Renewable Energy Conversion Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Zhijia Wang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Voltage Unbalance ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
State Behaviour ◽  
And Performance

3-phase cage induction machines, operated in two series-connected and one-isolated (TSCAOI) winding configuration, have been proposed to generate standalone single-phase electricity at variable speeds for renewable energy conversion systems. However, the steady-state behaviour and performance of this particular generator are not yet to be theoretically investigated. This paper therefore presents the first theoretical investigation based on the steady-state equivalent circuit model for standalone TSCAOI configured generators. Moreover, this paper is the first to adopt the winding function approach to derive a dynamic mathematical model for TSCAOI configured generators. This approach not only eliminates the cumbersome mathematical manipulation required in all previous papers related to TSCAOI configured generators but also provides a visual insight into the resulting winding distribution of the machine. In order to investigate the load and excitation characteristics pertinently, the dynamic model is transformed into two different equivalent circuit models by appropriate selected transformation matrix. Using these two models, this paper identified the impacts of system parameters on the load and excitation characteristics, as well as on the level of voltage unbalance. Experimental results of a prototype generator under various operating conditions are presented, together with simulated results, to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed investigations.

scholarly journals CONTROL OF SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR BASED WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS

2015 ◽  
pp. 154-159
Author(s):  
A.V. SASI REKHA ◽  
G. KAVYA ◽  
J. SINDHU ◽  
J. VANI ◽  
DR. S. SHIVA PRASAD
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Wind Energy Conversion ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Distribution Generation

The natural resources which can be renewed are Renewable energy resources. Due to the increased load demand in recent years demand for renewable energy resources have been increasing and attracting us. If this can be met using the renewable energy resources then it can be harmless to the environment. We opt Wind energy because of its enormous advantages, wind energy has emerged as the most reliable source of electric power, and is economically viable with the conventional sources. Wind energy is one of the most available forms of renewable energy. Loads can be classified based on their distance from the main grid. These can be remote villages, islands, ships, forests, deserts etc. For such loads there should be precise electrification system called as standalone generator system which provides constant nominal voltage and frequency. The Wind Energy Conversion system unit features a wind-turbine-driven Synchronous Generator, a diode bridge rectifier, a boost dc/dc converter, a battery bank, and a PWM dc/ac inverter. In this paper, distribution Generation is based on WECS using Synchronous Generator anticipated with a battery and Rectifier. The topology for the same has been demonstrated using MATLAB Simulink based simulations.

scholarly journals Non-Stoichiometric Redox Active Perovskite Materials for Solar Thermochemical Fuel Production: A Review

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Haeussler ◽  
Stéphane Abanades ◽  
Julien Jouannaux ◽  
Anne Julbe
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solar Fuel ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Concentrated Solar Energy ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Wide Range

Due to the requirement to develop carbon-free energy, solar energy conversion into chemical energy carriers is a promising solution. Thermochemical fuel production cycles are particularly interesting because they can convert carbon dioxide or water into CO or H2 with concentrated solar energy as a high-temperature process heat source. This process further valorizes and upgrades carbon dioxide into valuable and storable fuels. Development of redox active catalysts is the key challenge for the success of thermochemical cycles for solar-driven H2O and CO2 splitting. Ultimately, the achievement of economically viable solar fuel production relies on increasing the attainable solar-to-fuel energy conversion efficiency. This necessitates the discovery of novel redox-active and thermally-stable materials able to split H2O and CO2 with both high-fuel productivities and chemical conversion rates. Perovskites have recently emerged as promising reactive materials for this application as they feature high non-stoichiometric oxygen exchange capacities and diffusion rates while maintaining their crystallographic structure during cycling over a wide range of operating conditions and reduction extents. This paper provides an overview of the best performing perovskite formulations considered in recent studies, with special focus on their non-stoichiometry extent, their ability to produce solar fuel with high yield and performance stability, and the different methods developed to study the reaction kinetics.

scholarly journals TECHNO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF AN OFF-GRID HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM WITH HOMER PRO

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Ahmet Erhan AKAN
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Economic Point

The decrease in fossil-based energy sources and increasing environmental problems increase the tendency to renewable energy sources day by day. The potential of renewable energy sources differs according to the region where the energy will be produced. For this reason, it is crucial to conduct a good feasibility study that deals with the selected systems from a technical and economic point of view before making an investment decision on energy conversion systems based on renewable energy sources. In this study, the most suitable equipment and capacities were investigated by examining the techno-economic analysis of a hybrid system created with wind-solar renewable energies for a detached house, which is considered off-grid, in a rural area of Tekirdağ province (40o58.7ı N, 27o30.7ı E). Investigations were carried out using the HOMER Pro (Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable) program. The wind and solar energy potential of Tekirdağ province were obtained from the NASA renewable energy resources database added to the HOMER Pro program. The daily electricity requirement of the sample house was chosen as 11.27 kWh, and the current peak electrical load was chosen as 2.39 kW. A wind turbine is connected to the AC busbars, solar collectors and battery group connected to the DC busbars, and a converter that converts energy between AC and DC busbars in the energy conversion system. In order to determine the optimum capacities of the system elements, 27486 different simulations were performed by HOMER Pro. The selection of the most suitable system among these was determined according to the lowest net present cost (NPC) value. In addition, the energy production capacities that will occur in the case of different wind speeds were also investigated. Accordingly, the system to be installed with a solar panel with a capacity of 6.25 kW, PV-MPPT with a capacity of 1 kW, 2 wind turbines with a capacity of 1 kW, 8 Lithium-ion batteries with a capacity of 6V-167 Ah, and a converter with a capacity of 2.5 kW has been determined will generate electrical energy of 5433 kWh per year. In addition, it has been determined that 61.8% of this produced energy will be obtained from solar energy and 38.2% from wind energy, and the simple payback period of the investment will be 14 years. It is thought that this study will provide valuable information to researchers and investors.

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