scholarly journals Feasibility of the Schizophrenia Hope Scale-9: A psychometric study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwisoon Choe ◽  
Eunjung Ryu ◽  
Sunghee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Centers ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Persons With Schizophrenia

Hope is important in the rehabilitation of persons with schizophrenia, through scales to measure hope are not appropriate for this population. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify the psychometric properties of the Schizophrenia Hope Scale-9 (SHS-9) using data from 83 people with schizophrenia in four mental health centers and 762 healthy persons from two universities in South Korea. The mean (standard deviation) SHS-9 score of the participants with schizophrenia and healthy participants was 11.24 (4.90) and 14.83 (3.10), respectively. Lower scores indicate a lower level of hope. The internal consistency alpha coefficient was 0.92 with a 4-week test-retest reliability of 0.89. Criterion-related construct validity was established by examining the correlation between the SHS-9 and the State-Trait Hope Inventory scores. Divergent validity was identified through a negative relationship of SHS-9 with the Beck Hopelessness Scale. The construct validity of the SHS-9 was confirmed through principal component analysis with extraction methods, which resulted in a one-factor solution, accounting for 49–60% of the total item variance.. This study provided evidence for the validity and reliability of the SHS-9; therefore, it could be used to measure hope in people with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Feasibility of the Schizophrenia Hope Scale-9: A Psychometric Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8635
Author(s):  
Kwisoon Choe ◽  
Eunjung Ryu ◽  
Sunghee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Centers ◽  
Persons With Schizophrenia

Hope is essential in rehabilitating persons with schizophrenia, though scales to measure hope are not appropriate for this population. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify the psychometric properties of the Schizophrenia Hope Scale-9 (SHS-9) using data from 83 people with schizophrenia in four mental health centers and 762 healthy persons from two universities in South Korea. The total SHS-9 score is calculated by adding all items’ scores and ranges from 0 to 18. The mean (standard deviation) SHS-9 score of the participants with schizophrenia and healthy participants was 11.53 (SD = 4.78) and 14.78 (SD = 3.19), respectively. Lower scores indicate a lower level of hope. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.92 with a four-week test-retest reliability of 0.89. Criterion-related construct validity was established by examining the correlation between the SHS-9 and the State-Trait Hope Inventory scores. Divergent validity was identified through a negative relationship of SHS-9 with the Beck Hopelessness Scale. In persons with schizophrenia and healthy college students, Bartlett’s test of sphericity yielded χ2 = 465.03 (p < 0.001) and χ2 = 2679.24 (p < 0.001) respectively. The values of the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy were 0.89 and 0.90, respectively. The construct validity of the SHS-9 was confirmed through principal component analysis with extraction methods, which resulted in a one-factor solution, accounting for 61.83% of the total item variance. This study provides evidence for the validity and reliability of the SHS-9; therefore, it could be used to study the relationships between hope and other variables (e.g., depression and recovery) in persons with schizophrenia and measure the effect of psychosocial interventions on their hope.

scholarly journals How to Evaluate Digital Leadership: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Claassen ◽  
Dominique Rodil Dos Anjos ◽  
Jan Kettschau ◽  
Horst Christoph Broding
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Leadership Competence ◽  
Transformation Processes

Abstract Background: With the increasing digitalization of the working environment, the demands on managers are changing fundamentally to the point of an emerging field of research in digital leadership. Municipal administrations are particularly affected by the digital transformation processes. Therefore, a score to measure the construct of digital leadership competence in the context of virtual-based workstation was developed and tested.Methods: Based of an online survey with n = 546 employees at virtual-based workstations in municipal administrations in 2020, the instrument is tested regarding selectivity (coefficients), dimensionality (principal component analysis), homogeneity (inter-product-moment correlations), reliability (Cronbach's α) and construct validity (correlation with general leadership skills).Results: The instrument can be considered selective, one-dimensional, homogeneous, reliable and constructively valid in the sense of the formulated hypotheses. By integrating the employees‘ perspective, the instrument aims to be one of the first of its kind to initiate a scientific further discourse. Among other things, the categorization of the co-determination component as either traditional or digital leadership can be discussed.Conclusions: The developed instrument for measuring digital leadership performs well concerning the aspects of discriminatory power, one-dimensionality, homogeneity, reliability as well as construct validity. It aims to induce further research and a scientific discourse on the topic of health-oriented leadership within the world of work 4.0.

scholarly journals Use of Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET) Survey to Evaluate Effectiveness of Teaching in a Leadership Course among Dental Students over Three Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nazir ◽  
Asim Al-Ansari ◽  
Khalifa AlKhalifa ◽  
Balgis Gaffar ◽  
Jehan AlHumaid
Keyword(s):  
Student Evaluation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Student Evaluation Of Teaching ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Evaluation Of Teaching

Leadership courses are being increasingly integrated into dental curricula. The study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of student evaluation of teaching (SET) instrument among dental students and to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching in a new leadership course over a period of three years. This cross-sectional study was conducted on fourth-year undergraduate dental students (N = 260) who took a practice management course over three consecutive years from 2014 to 2016. A 29-item SET questionnaire was administered among students who were willing to participate in the study. Out of 260 students, 185 returned completed surveys and the response rate was 71.15%. Factor analysis (principal component analysis) showed the validity of four dimensions of the SET instrument. Total variance explained by four dimensions was 62.80%. Cronbach’s alpha for the instrument was 0.95 and each dimension had fairly high internal consistency (>0.80). Treating students with respect (94%), accepting different viewpoints of students (94.1%), being flexible/open-minded (92.5%), and preparedness in the course (91.9%) were the most common effective teaching traits. Over the period of three years, 16 items showed improvement in teaching and there was a significant improvement in four items (P<0.05). In conclusion, it was found that SET is a valid instrument to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching in nonclinical courses in dentistry. This instrument should be used longitudinally to compare the effectiveness of teaching.

scholarly journals Association of maternal whole blood fatty acid status during the prenatal period with term birth dimensions: a cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Jia ◽  
Masahiro Tagawa ◽  
Hiroshi Yatsuya ◽  
Hisao Naito ◽  
Yumi Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Using Data

AbstractTo investigate selected fatty acid (FA) profiles in maternal whole blood during normal pregnancy and to evaluate their associations with term birth dimensions.We characterized nine major maternal blood FAs representing four FA families during the second and third trimester of pregnancy, and explored their associations with birth weight, length, and chest or head circumferences by multivariate regression models, using data from 318 mother-newborn pairs of the Hokkaido Study.The absolute and/or relative contents of maternal blood docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid were lowest at 35–41 gestational weeks during pregnancy, as was the essential FA status index. Different from palmitic and stearic acids, palmitoleic and oleic acid contents were higher at 35–41 gestational weeks than those at 23–31 gestational weeks. Three FA components were identified through principal component analysis, and were used in association analysis. Component 3, which was positively and significantly loaded by eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), was associated with chest circumference [β=0.281, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.006, 0.556] at 35–41 gestational weeks (P=0.046). No significant associations were observed for Component 1 and 2 loaded by FAs except EPA.Maternal blood EPA content may have an important influence on infant chest circumference.

scholarly journals How to evaluate digital leadership: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Claassen ◽  
Dominique Rodil dos Anjos ◽  
Jan Kettschau ◽  
Horst Christoph Broding
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Leadership Competence ◽  
Transformation Processes

Abstract Background With the increasing digitalization of the working environment, the demands on managers are changing fundamentally to the point of an emerging field of research in digital leadership. Municipal administrations are particularly affected by the digital transformation processes. Therefore, a score to measure the construct of digital leadership competence in the context of virtual-based workstation was developed and tested. Methods Based on an online survey with n = 546 employees at virtual-based workstations in municipal administrations in 2020, the instrument is tested regarding selectivity (coefficients), dimensionality (principal component analysis), homogeneity (inter-product-moment correlations), reliability (Cronbach’s α) and construct validity (correlation with general leadership skills). Results The instrument can be considered selective, one-dimensional, homogeneous, reliable and constructively valid in the sense of the formulated hypotheses. By integrating the employees’ perspective, the instrument aims to be one of the first of its kind to initiate a scientific further discourse. Among other things, the categorization of the co-determination component as either traditional or digital leadership can be discussed. Conclusions The developed instrument for measuring digital leadership performs well concerning the aspects of discriminatory power, one-dimensionality, homogeneity, reliability as well as construct validity. It aims to induce further research and a scientific discourse on the topic of health-oriented leadership within the world of work 4.0.

scholarly journals The Development of Instrument to Assess Physician’s Practice in the Management of Patients With Terminal Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272097258
Author(s):  
Nita Arisanti ◽  
Elsa Pudji Setiawati Sasongko ◽  
Veranita Pandia ◽  
Dany Hilmanto
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
A Value ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Measure Reliability ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Development Of Instrument

Background The need for improving knowledge and practice of palliative care delivered by health workers become an agenda in several countries. In order to measure the practice, an instrument is needed. The study analyzed the validity and reliability of the instrument to assess the physician’s practice in the management of patients with terminal diseases. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving 89 physicians practicing in primary health care. The instrument of practice has been developed and resulted 5 domains consist of 20 items. An overview of reliability, construct validity, uni-dimensionality, and hierarchy of the person-items of the instrument were analyzed using Rasch Model. Results The reliability of the instrument is excellent with a person measure reliability of 0.85 and the item measure reliability of 0.96. Construct validity is confirmed with the MNSQ outfit values in the range of 0.54 to 1.59 and Pt Measure Corr. values in the range of 0.31 to 0.8. This instrument has a value of more than 20% unidimensionality which indicates the level of independence for items is good. Conclusion The instrument has good validity and reliability to assess physician’s practice in the management of patients with terminal disease.

scholarly journals Reliability and construct validity of five life domains in the adolescent drug abuse diagnosis instrument in a sample of Swedish adolescent girls in special residential care

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-426
Author(s):  
Marie-Louise Klingstedt ◽  
Margit Wångby-Lundh ◽  
Tina Olsson ◽  
Laura Ferrer-Wreder
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Residential Care ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Life Domains ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Aim: This cross-sectional study investigates the psychometric properties of the Swedish edition of the Adolescent Drug Abuse Diagnosis (ADAD), and specifically examines the internal consistency and construct validity of five life domains reported by female adolescents in special residential care in Sweden ( N = 780; Mage = 16 years old). Methods: Principal component analysis and entropy-based analysis were used to test construct validity. Conclusion: Results indicate that ADAD may be able to reliably distinguish between areas that are important targets for intervention.

scholarly journals Establishing the construct validity and Internal consistency for Urdu version of Jefferson Scale of Empathy-S (JSE-S)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Razi Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Empathy Score ◽  
Bartlett’S Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Jefferson Scale Of Empathy

AbstractBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESEmpathy is an important factor in patient–physician relationship that results in better patient compliance, satisfaction, and clinical outcomes. Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) assesses empathy in health professionals (HP-version) and related students (S-version). It has been translated in over 50 languages and validation studies have been performed on these translated S-version of the scale. We decided to examine empathy of Pakistani student and to study factor structure and psychometric properties of the Urdu translation of the JSE-S.METHODS405 out of 521 students of Muhammad Medical College participated in the study. It was a cross-sectional study and the students filled in Urdu version of JSE-S questionnaire consisting of 20 items. Each item was scored on 7-points Likert scale. Total scores ranged from 20 to 140. Higher values indicated more positive attitudes toward empathic patient care, and therefore a higher degree of empathyRESULTSThe mean JSE-S empathy score of the medical students was 107.22 (+/- 12.844). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.684 for the overall measure. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test yielded an index of 0.764, suggesting a support for factor analysis. Bartlett’s test of sphericity was 985.518 and was highly significant (P = 000). A principal component analysis showed a three-factor solution that also provided support for the construct validity of the Urdu version of JSE S-version.CONCLUSIONThe Urdu version of JSE is a valid and reliable measure to tap empathy in a Pakistani medical student.

scholarly journals Medición de inseguridad alimentaria-nutricional, hambre y estrategias de afrontamiento de niños y adolescentes en Medellín-Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Jennifer Bernal ◽  
María Alejandra Agudelo Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Height For Age

La inseguridad alimentaria (IA) y hambre afectan a 820 millones de personas en el mundo, 187 millones en América Latina y el Caribe, 18,5 millones en Latinoamérica con más severas crisis humanitarias y a más de la mitad de la población en Colombia. En niños y adolescentes la IA ha sido poco estudiada en Colombia, en parte por ausencia de instrumentos válidos y confiables. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la validez y confiabilidad de escalas que miden la IA y las estrategias de afrontamiento (EA) ante la falta de alimentos en niños y adolescentes. Estudio transversal (n=4051) realizado en Medellín-Colombia que midió la IA (10 ítemes) y EA (9 ítemes) con instrumentos desarrollados previamente. Se utilizó SPSS v21 para realizar análisis de componentes principales (ACP), validez y confiabilidad. Siete de cada 10 niños se preocupan por la falta de alimentos. El ACP de instrumento IA arrojó dos componentes: 1. cantidad, calidad y preocupación; 2. episodios de hambre, que explican 57 % de varianza. El ACP de las EA explica 43 % de varianza. Los instrumentos de IA y EA poseen una buena confiabilidad (α-Cronbach’s de 0,78 y 0,82). El instrumento de IA se validó comparándolo con la talla para la edad, que arrojó una asociación inversa y significativa entre baja talla y la seguridad alimentaria. Esta investigación es la primera en evidenciar que la problemática de IA está presente en los niños y adolescentes de Medellín. Los instrumentos de IA y EA utilizados resultaron ser altamente válidos y confiables. Food insecurity (FI) and hunger affected 820 million people in the world, 187 million in Latin America and the Caribbean, 18.5 million in Latin America lived the worst severe food crises, and more than half of the Colombian population live with FI. FI in children and adolescents has been little measure, partly due to absence of valid and reliable instruments in Colombia. The aim of this study is to determine the validity and reliability of the FI and coping strategies (CS) tools in children and adolescents. Cross-sectional study (n = 4051) carried out in Medellín-Colombia. A 10-ítemes scale is used to measure FI and 9-ítemes scale capture the CS. SPSS v21 program was used to analyze data. Principal component analysis (PCA), validity and reliability were applied. Seven out of 10 children mentioned they were worry for FI. PCA showed two main components of FI: 1. Related with quantity, quality and worry about food; 2. Hunger episodes, that explain 57% of variance. PCA of the CS scale resulted in one component that explains 43% of variance. FI and CS instruments resulted in good reliability (α-Cronbach 0.78; 0.82). FI instrument was validated by comparing it with height-for-age indicator, which showed an association between stunting (low height-for-age) and food insecurity. This study is the first to show that children and adolescents living in Medellín are facing FI and CS. The FI and CS scales used were found to be highly valid and reliable

scholarly journals Examination of Construct Validity and Criterion-Related Validity of the German Motor Test in Egyptian Schoolchildren

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8341
Author(s):  
Osama Abdelkarim ◽  
Julian Fritsch ◽  
Darko Jekauc ◽  
Klaus Bös
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Latent Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Order ◽  
Motor Test ◽  
Health Related

Physical fitness is an indicator for children’s public health status. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the construct validity and the criterion-related validity of the German motor test (GMT) in Egyptian schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 931 children aged 6 to 11 years (age: 9.1 ± 1.7 years) with 484 (52%) males and 447 (48%) females in grades one to five in Assiut city. The children’s physical fitness data were collected using GMT. GMT is designed to measure five health-related physical fitness components including speed, strength, coordination, endurance, and flexibility of children aged 6 to 18 years. The anthropometric data were collected based on three indicators: body height, body weight, and BMI. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with IBM SPSS AMOS 26.0 using full-information maximum likelihood. The results indicated an adequate fit (χ2 = 112.3, df = 20; p < 0.01; CFI = 0.956; RMSEA = 0.07). The χ2-statistic showed significant results, and the values for CFI and RMSEA showed a good fit. All loadings of the manifest variables on the first-order latent factors as well as loadings of the first-order latent factors on the second-order superordinate factor were significant. The results also showed strong construct validity in the components of conditioning abilities and moderate construct validity in the components of coordinative abilities. GMT proved to be a valid method and could be widely used on large-scale studies for health-related fitness monitoring in the Egyptian population.

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