scholarly journals Lignins Isolated via Catalyst-free Organosolv Pulping from Miscanthus x giganteus, M. sinensis, M. robustus and M. nagara: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Bergs ◽  
Yulia Monakhova ◽  
Bernd Diehl ◽  
Christopher Konow ◽  
Goerg Völkering ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Unsaturated Ester ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Miscanthus X Giganteus ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Organosolv Pulping ◽  
Catalyst Free ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Lignocellulose Feedstock

Abstract: As a low-input crop, Miscanthus offers numerous advantages that, in addition to agricultural applications, permits its exploitation for energy, fuel, and material production. Depending on the Miscanthus genotype, season, and harvest time as well as plant component (leaf versus stem), correlations between structure and properties of the corresponding isolated lignins differ. Here, a comparative study is presented between lignins isolated from M. x giganteus, M. sinensis, M. robustus and M. nagara using a catalyst-free organosolv pulping process. The lignins from different plant constituents are also compared regarding their similarities and differences regarding monolignol ratio and important linkages. Results showed that the plant genotype has the weakest influence on monolignol content and interunit linkages. In contrast, structural differences are more significant among lignins of different harvest time and/or season. Analyses were performed using fast and simple methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Data was assigned to four different linkages (A: b-O-4 linkage, B: phenylcoumaran, C: resinol, D: b-unsaturated ester). In conclusion, A content is particularly high in leaf-derived lignins at just under 70 % and significantly lower in stem and mixture lignins at around 60 % and almost 65 %. The second most common linkage pattern is D in all isolated lignins, the proportion of which is also strongly dependent on the crop portion. Both stem and mixture lignins, have a relatively high share of approximately 20 % or more (maximum is M. sinensis Sin2 with over 30 %). In the leaf-derived lignins, the proportions are significantly lower on average. Stem samples should be chosen if the highest possible lignin content is desired, specifically from the M. x giganteus genotype, which revealed lignin contents up to 27 %. Due to the better frost resistance and higher stem stability, M. nagara offers some advantages compared to M. x giganteus. Miscanthus crops are shown to be very attractive lignocellulose feedstock (LCF) for second generation biorefineries and lignin generation in Europe.

scholarly journals Lignins Isolated via Catalyst-Free Organosolv Pulping from Miscanthus x giganteus, M. sinensis, M. robustus and M. nagara: A Comparative Study

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Michel Bergs ◽  
Yulia Monakhova ◽  
Bernd W. Diehl ◽  
Christopher Konow ◽  
Georg Völkering ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Unsaturated Ester ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Miscanthus X Giganteus ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Organosolv Pulping ◽  
Catalyst Free ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Lignocellulose Feedstock

As a low-input crop, Miscanthus offers numerous advantages that, in addition to agricultural applications, permits its exploitation for energy, fuel, and material production. Depending on the Miscanthus genotype, season, and harvest time as well as plant component (leaf versus stem), correlations between structure and properties of the corresponding isolated lignins differ. Here, a comparative study is presented between lignins isolated from M. x giganteus, M. sinensis, M. robustus and M. nagara using a catalyst-free organosolv pulping process. The lignins from different plant constituents are also compared regarding their similarities and differences regarding monolignol ratio and important linkages. Results showed that the plant genotype has the weakest influence on monolignol content and interunit linkages. In contrast, structural differences are more significant among lignins of different harvest time and/or season. Analyses were performed using fast and simple methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Data was assigned to four different linkages (A: β-O-4 linkage, B: phenylcoumaran, C: resinol, D: β-unsaturated ester). In conclusion, A content is particularly high in leaf-derived lignins at just under 70% and significantly lower in stem and mixture lignins at around 60% and almost 65%. The second most common linkage pattern is D in all isolated lignins, the proportion of which is also strongly dependent on the crop portion. Both stem and mixture lignins, have a relatively high share of approximately 20% or more (maximum is M. sinensis Sin2 with over 30%). In the leaf-derived lignins, the proportions are significantly lower on average. Stem samples should be chosen if the highest possible lignin content is desired, specifically from the M. x giganteus genotype, which revealed lignin contents up to 27%. Due to the better frost resistance and higher stem stability, M. nagara offers some advantages compared to M. x giganteus. Miscanthus crops are shown to be very attractive lignocellulose feedstock (LCF) for second generation biorefineries and lignin generation in Europe.

scholarly journals Lignins Isolated via Catalyst-free Organosolv Pulping from Miscanthus x giganteus, M. sinensis, M. robustus and M. nagara: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margit Schulze ◽  
Michel Bergs ◽  
Yulia Monakhova ◽  
Bernd Diehl ◽  
Christopher Konow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Unsaturated Ester ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Miscanthus X Giganteus ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Organosolv Pulping ◽  
Catalyst Free ◽  
Linkage Pattern ◽  
Agricultural Applications

As a low-input crop, Miscanthus offers numerous advantages that, in addition to agricultural applications, permits its exploitation for energy, fuel, and material production. Depending on the Miscanthus genotype, season, and harvest time as well as plant component (leaf versus stem), correlations between structure and properties of the corresponding isolated lignins differ. Here, a comparative study is presented between lignins isolated from M. x giganteus, M. sinensis, M. robustus and M. nagara using a catalyst-free organosolv pulping process. The lignins from different plant constituents are also compared regarding their similarities and differences regarding monolignol ratio and important linkages. Results showed that the plant genotype has the weakest influence on monolignol content and interunit linkages. In contrast, structural differences are more significant among lignins of different harvest time and/or season. Analyses were performed using fast and simple methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Data was assigned to four different linkages (A: b-O-4 linkage, B: phenylcoumaran, C: resinol, D: b-unsaturated ester). In conclusion, A content is particularly high in leaf-derived lignins at just under 70 % and significantly lower in stem and mixture lignins at around 60 % and almost 65 %. The second most common linkage pattern is D in all isolated lignins, the proportion of which is also strongly dependent on the crop portion. Both stem and mixture lignins, have a relatively high share of approximately 20 % or more (maximum is M. sinensis Sin2 with over 30 %). In the leaf-derived lignins, the proportions are significantly lower on averageStem samples should be chosen highest possible lignin content is desired, specifically from the M. x giganteus genotype which revealed lignin contents up to 27 %.

A comparative study on enzymatic hydrolysis of kenaf from two different harvest time-points, with- and without pretreatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Gon Wi ◽  
Su-Bae Kim ◽  
Dae-Seok Lee ◽  
Ho Myeong Kim ◽  
Hyeun-Jong Bae
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Extraction of High-Purity Lignins via Catalyst-free Organosolv Pulping from Low-Input Crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1929-1942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Rumpf ◽  
Xuan Tung Do ◽  
René Burger ◽  
Yulia B. Monakhova ◽  
Margit Schulze
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Organosolv Pulping ◽  
Catalyst Free

Combustion properties of Miscanthus x giganteus biomass – Optimization of harvest time

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Bilandzija ◽  
Vanja Jurisic ◽  
Neven Voca ◽  
Josip Leto ◽  
Ana Matin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Harvest Time ◽  
Miscanthus X Giganteus ◽  
Combustion Properties

scholarly journals Apple cultivars bred in Holovousy. Part 1 – Characteristics of the orchard

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Blažek ◽  
J. Křelinová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
The Mean

 Twenty-one standard apple cultivars bred in Holovousy and registered in the Czech Republic during 1994–2011 were included in a comparative study. Their tree parameters and yields were evaluated from 2004 till 2011 in a comparison to cvs Golden Delicious and Jonagold within experimental orchards planted on M 9 rootstock using a tree spacing of 4 × 1 m. The cultivars mutually differed in the mean term of flowering starting up to 6 days. The harvest time of 5 summer cultivars covered the harvest season from July 14 till the end of August. The remaining cultivars were storable, and on average, their harvest started between the September 8(Nabella) and November 8 (Rubimeg). Cvs Resista, Selena and Vysočina were evaluated as totally resistant to scab and 5 other cultivars were distinguished by very low susceptibility to the disease. In the case of powdery mildew this desirable level of tolerance was observed on 7 cultivars. The most vigorous according to trunk cross-sectional area was cv. Mivine, whereas the weakest growing cv. Selena was 52% smaller in this parameter. Significant differences among cultivars were also found in the case of yield precocity. In total, the most productive in this study was cv. Clijo, with mean annual harvest equal to 44.3 t/ha. The lowest level of annual harvest (25.6 t/ha) gave cv. Selena, but its crop efficiency was one of the highest.

scholarly journals Miscanthus x giganteus Stem Versus Leaf-Derived Lignins Differing in Monolignol Ratio and Linkage

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Bergs ◽  
Georg Völkering ◽  
Thorsten Kraska ◽  
Ralf Pude ◽  
Xuan Do ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Beech Wood ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Miscanthus X Giganteus ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Fixation Rate

As a renewable, Miscanthus offers numerous advantages such as high photosynthesis activity (as a C4 plant) and an exceptional CO2 fixation rate. These properties make Miscanthus very attractive for industrial exploitation, such as lignin generation. In this paper, we present a systematic study analyzing the correlation of the lignin structure with the Miscanthus genotype and plant portion (stem versus leaf). Specifically, the ratio of the three monolignols and corresponding building blocks as well as the linkages formed between the units have been studied. The lignin amount has been determined for M. x giganteus (Gig17, Gig34, Gig35), M. nagara (NagG10), M. sinensis (Sin2), and M. robustus (Rob4) harvested at different time points (September, December, and April). The influence of the Miscanthus genotype and plant component (leaf vs. stem) has been studied to develop corresponding structure-property relationships (i.e., correlations in molecular weight, polydispersity, and decomposition temperature). Lignin isolation was performed using non-catalyzed organosolv pulping and the structure analysis includes compositional analysis, Fourier transform infradred (FTIR), ultraviolet/visible (UV-Vis), hetero-nuclear single quantum correlation nuclear magnetic resonsnce (HSQC-NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and pyrolysis gaschromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Structural differences were found for stem and leaf-derived lignins. Compared to beech wood lignins, Miscanthus lignins possess lower molecular weight and narrow polydispersities (<1.5 Miscanthus vs. >2.5 beech) corresponding to improved homogeneity. In addition to conventional univariate analysis of FTIR spectra, multivariate chemometrics revealed distinct differences for aromatic in-plane deformations of stem versus leaf-derived lignins. These results emphasize the potential of Miscanthus as a low-input resource and a Miscanthus-derived lignin as promising agricultural feedstock.

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