scholarly journals Stakholder Perceptions on the Prospects and Challenges of Practising Climate – Smart Agroforestry in Asunafo North Municipal Assembly, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatawu Abubakar Sadique ◽  
Leslie Danquah ◽  
Nana Yeboaa Opuni-Frimpong
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Stakeholder Perspectives ◽  
Farm Produce ◽  
Municipal Assembly

This study assessed stakeholders’ perception on the prospects and challenges of practising Climate–Smart Agroforestry in the Asunafo North Municipal Assembly in the Ahafo Region in Ghana. Interviewer administered questionnaires were used to collect cross-sectional data from 250 cocoa, food and cash crop farmers drawn from four (4) communities using simple random sampling. And nine (9) in-depth interviews were also conducted to elicit key stakeholder perspectives. Stakeholders also held the view that Climate-Smart Agroforestry encourages the use of stress-tolerant crop varieties, increase income, improve soil productivity, diversify farm produce, urges the reduction of input supply and recommends the timely usage of the inputs, ensures better market system for farm produce, cost of production decreases during the practice of Agroforestry, agro-ecological functions and Climate-Smart Agroforestry can best help adapt to the threats of climate change in the agriculture sector. The challenges included insecure tree ownership right, fast-declining soil fertility and long maturity period of Agroforestry trees, land tenure issues, illegal tree logging (chainsaw operators) on farms, lack of practical understanding of the approach, inadequate knowledge and information and inadequate supportive facilities in the study area. The study recommends further studies on the existing forest policy and legislations and its implications on the practice and adoption of Climate-Smart Agroforestry in respond to climate change in the area.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Perception on Climate Change: A Study in Tarai Region of Uttarakhand

2021 ◽  
pp. 581-591
Author(s):  
. Neha ◽  
Mohammad Aslam Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Long Run

Climate change has emerged as a potent threat disrupting the development process and is hurting several sectors of Indian economy, especially the agriculture sector. Knowledge about these disruptive factors can enable the farmers to mitigate the negative impact of climate change on agriculture. Therefore, the understanding of location-specific farmers’ perceptions and their adaptive behaviors can provide a better insight to design appropriate policy measures and guidelines to address these challenges effectively. The present study was aimed at determining farmers’ perceptions about climate change on agriculture. The study sample comprised 180 farmers selected using simple random sampling. The findings indicate that all the farmers (100%) were aware of climate change. All of them reported “increase in temperature” and “erratic rainfall” and “shortening of winter season” as the major indicators of climate change as experienced by them. Besides, 85.55 percent famers reported that “peak time of winter” has changed in Uttarakhand, a hilly state. Such perceptions about climate change can be seen as a precursor mediating the adoption of recommended practices and adaptation measures. Thus, the results of the study will enlighten the policy makers and agriculture scientists in preparing a roadmap for policy formulation regarding adaptation measures (short run initiatives) as well as undertaking mitigation measures (long run initiatives) of climate change besides helping the agriculture extension agencies to design and plan locale-specific adaptation strategies and agriculture development programs.

Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture Adaptation in Coastal Zones of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umma Habiba ◽  
Md. Anwarul Abedin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Agriculture Sector

This is an advance summary of a forthcoming article in the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Natural Hazard Science. Please check back later for the full article. Bangladesh scored seventh in a ranking of countries most affected by climatic calamities in the second decade of the 21st century. Climate change poses a great threat to Bangladesh’s economy due to its effect on the agricultural system. The agriculture sector employs about 40.6% of the country’s labor force and contributes 14.1% of the gross domestic product (GDP). Various climatic factors such as changes in precipitation, temperature, sea level rise, salinity intrusion, drought, and natural disasters (storm surges, cyclones, etc.) impact the agriculture sector. These factors ultimately affect crop production and increase food insecurity. The coastal zone frequently suffers the impacts of climate change through coastal flooding, cyclones, storm surges, drought, salinity intrusion, water-logging, and so forth. These crises not only affect agricultural productivity but also lead to degradation of soil productivity and lower agricultural production/yield. To cope with the impacts on coastal agriculture, government, nongovernmental organizations, and communities have practiced a number of adaptation measures. They have adopted several measures such as using stress-tolerant rice varieties; crops that consume less water; short-duration crops; crop diversification; crop rotation; mix cropping/intercropping; efficient use of irrigation, fertilizer, and pesticides; soil conservation; floating gardens; sorjan cultivation; homestead vegetable gardening; and the re-excavation of canals. However, these adaptive practices are responsive and timely immediately after the occurrence of the effects of climate change. Taking this into consideration, it is imperative to scale up these adaptation measures and to synchronize efforts at various levels for their successful implementation by coastal communities in order to cope with climate change in a sustainable manner.

scholarly journals Adaptation to Climate Change by Vegetable Farmers in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
pp. 415-430
Author(s):  
R. P. Dayani Gunathilaka ◽  
P. S. M. Kalani J. Samarakoon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Vegetable Farmers ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Adaptation Options

AbstractIn Sri Lanka, the agriculture sector is most vulnerable to climate change and this is increasingly affecting food security. Vegetables, legumes, coarse grains, and potatoes are likely to be adversely affected due to climate impacts. Based on a cross-sectional survey conducted on 150 vegetable farmers in the up-country area of Sri Lanka, this study elucidates farmers’ perceptions of climate change, ongoing adaptation methods, factors influencing farmers’ decisions to adapt, and barriers to adaptation. The study finds that gender, educationlevel, farming experience, income, willingness to take credit, extension on crop, climate change information, farmer-to-farmer extension, rainfall and temperature as the significant factors influencing adaptation. Furthermore, early or late planting, crop or variety switching, and intensive use of inputs are the commonly used adaptation options. Information constraints emerge as a major barrier followed by high costs for adaptation and lack of vigorous planting materials. The study suggests educating farmers about potential adaptation options is pivotal.

scholarly journals Structural Equation Modelling of Perception for Sustainable Agriculture as Climate Change Mitigation Strategy in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Ankamah ◽  
Theophilus Tweneboah Kodua ◽  
Mary Addae
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Farmer Education

Abstract Background Ghana’s agriculture sector has contributed significantly to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over the past decades even though there has been persistent decline of about 12.8% in the last seven years. It decreased from 31.8% in 2009 to merely 19% as of September 2015, a period of seven years. In spite of these trends, sustainable agriculture has been observed to be a game changer in agricultural development and growth globally. Sustainable agriculture is partly dependent on the attitude of the present agriculture students who represent the potential officers to impart sustainable agriculture knowledge to farmers. It is therefore relevant to assess the perception of students toward the concept of sustainable agriculture on climate change to inform policy decisions and interventions. Methods To assess the perception of students’ toward sustainable agriculture, this study sampled 120 final year undergraduate students’ in the School of Agriculture at the College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon. The study used a well-structured questionnaire to solicit students’ perception for sustainable agriculture, its’ adoption barriers and perceived strategies to address the barriers in Ghana. Results Findings indicated that students’ perception for sustainable agriculture is positive. Majority of the students (78%) were of the view that sustainable agricultural practices would help protect the environment and our natural resources, therefore could mitigate adverse effects of climate change on agricultural activities. Conclusions Students ranked perceived barriers to sustainable agriculture adoption as; economic costs, lack of knowledge and land tenure constraints. Strategic ways to address the barriers were identified as farmer-to-farmer education, provision of financial incentives, developing training and partnership programs, and participatory learning.

scholarly journals Structural equation modelling of perception for sustainable agriculture as climate change mitigation strategy in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Ankamah ◽  
Theophilus Tweneboah Kodua ◽  
Mary Addae
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Farmer Education

Abstract Background Ghana’s agriculture sector has contributed significantly to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over the past decades even though there has been persistent decline of about 12.8% in the last 7 years. It decreased from 31.8% in 2009 to merely 19% as of September 2015, a period of 7 years. In spite of these trends, sustainable agriculture has been observed to be a game changer in agricultural development and growth globally. Sustainable agriculture is partly dependent on the attitude of the present agriculture students who represent the potential officers to impart sustainable agriculture knowledge to farmers. It is therefore relevant to assess the perception of students toward the concept of sustainable agriculture on climate change to inform policy decisions and interventions. Methods To assess the perception of students’ toward sustainable agriculture, this study sampled 120 final year undergraduate students’ in the School of Agriculture at the College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon. The study used a well-structured questionnaire to solicit students’ perception for sustainable agriculture, its’ adoption barriers and perceived strategies to address the barriers in Ghana. Results Findings indicated that students’ perception for sustainable agriculture is positive. Majority of the students (78.00%) were of the view that sustainable agricultural practices would help protect the environment and our natural resources, therefore could mitigate adverse effects of climate change on agricultural activities. Conclusions Students ranked perceived barriers to sustainable agriculture adoption as; economic costs, lack of knowledge and land tenure constraints. Strategic ways to address the barriers were identified as farmer-to-farmer education, provision of financial incentives, developing training and partnership programs, and participatory learning.

scholarly journals Environmental Challenges of Tree Nursery, Reforestation and its Impacts in the Limbe Municipality, South West Region, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Nong Buh ◽  
Melle Ekane Maurice ◽  
Ukah Bonaventure Ngong ◽  
Okon Emmanuel Morio ◽  
Valentine Ngwoh Kum
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tree Nursery ◽  
Qualitative Approaches

With the increasing rate of global warming and climate change in the world and Limbe municipality in particular, tree nursery in the Limbe Botanic Garden and reforestation is of great importance to combat the negative environmental impacts. There are frequent landslides, flooding, rapid deforestation, and destruction of animal habitats leading to climate change and global warming in the town of Limbe. This study is focus on exploiting the challenges of tree nursery, reforestation and its impacts in order to reduce the increasing rate of carbon dioxide and other environmental disasters brought about by rapid deforestation. A community based cross-sectional survey was conducted from February to August 2021 using quantitative and qualitative approaches. With the use of a simple random sampling method, 400 questionnaires were administered. Focus group discussion (FGD) was held with tree growers, the chief of forest conservator in the Limbe Botanic Garden and also with the local population in charge of forest exploitation. The results obtained from the questionnaires indicated that 57% of the challenges of tree nursery and reforestation were as a result of limited species of trees being nursed and transplanted. In contrast, 24% and 19% of the respondents also indicated that the difficulty faced in the maintenance of Limbe Botanic Garden (LBG) is the fact that there is limited renovation strategies employed. And that the causes of deforestation in Limbe, is brought about by rapid exploitation of the forest for timber purposes. To overcome these challenges, a joint effort of government and stakeholder’s participation, together with the local population is urgently needed in order to achieve sustainable tree nursery and reforestation in the municipality.

Peran Penilaian Formatif terhadap Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa, Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Putri Zalika Laila M.K
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional

Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) adalah sekelompok sindrom yang berkaitan erat yang disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan antara kebutuhan oksigen miokardium dan aliran darah. Pada umumnya faktor risiko terjadinya penyakit jantung koroner adalah hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan tekanan darah dengan kejadian penyakit jantung koroner di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Palembang dan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Palembang BARI periode Januari-Desember 2012. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional di bagian ilmu penyakit dalam Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Palembang BARI dan Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Palembang dengan cara pengambilan sampel yaitu simple random sampling. Dari 200 subjek penelitian, penyakit jantung yang mempunyai hipertensi sebanyak 100 dan yang tidak hipertensi sebanyak 100. Hasil analisis didapatkan jumlah pada subjek hipertensi yang terkena penyakit jantung koroner sebesar 64(64%) sedangkan pada non hipertensi yang terkena penyakit jantung koroner didapatkan sebanyak 32(32%). Rasio prevalensi didapatkan adalah 2,00 dengan interval kepercayaan 95% antara 1,450-2,758. Hasil analisis chi-squeare didapatkan nilai X2 didapatkan hasil 19,251 dan nilai p: 0,000 yang artinya ada hubungan faktor risiko antara hipertensi dengan penyakit jantung koroner dengan taraf significant sangat bermakna. Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko untuk terjadinya penyakit jantung koroner, penderita hipertensi berisiko 2 kali lebih besar terkena penyakit jantung koroner.

ASSESSMENT OF CORRELATION BETWEEN LEUKODERMA AND PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Mukesh Batra
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Illness Anxiety

Background: Leukoderma is an acquired disease of pigmentation which is presented by depigmented areas of different shape and sizes on the skin. In various researches it was reported that these defects in melanocytes occurred due to autoimmune pathway or the complex causation of oxidative stress and genetics. Material & Methods: In the present cross‑sectional prospective study 100 patients who were diagnosed with Leukoderma and controls who were not having depigmentation of skin and without any known clinical disease were enrolled for present study by simple random sampling. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Clearance from institutional ethical committee was also taken prior to the study. Results: The prevalence of psychiatric illness among leukoderma group was 22% and among 78% patients we did not found any psychiatric illness. The most common symptom was depression which was present among 22% of patients with Leukoderma and 18% patients with Leukoderma had anxiety symptoms. Among the control group depression was present in 5 % subjects and anxiety symptoms were present in 7% of subjects. The mean WHO-Quality of life scores was low among Leukoderma group in relation to the control group (p value <0.05). On correlation with psychiatric illness, observations were statistically non-significant (p > 0.05) with HAMA-A and HAMA- D. The observations were statistically significant (p < 0.05) with GHQ total and BSA score. Conclusion:  Higher prevalence of psychitric morbidity among patients with leukoderma and it was found associated with duration of disease and BSA scores. The most common symptom was depression which was followed by anxiety symptoms. Key words: Leukoderma, psychiatric illness, anxiety, depression.

HUBUNGAN KUALITAS KEHIDUPAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PERAWAT PELAKSANA

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-420
Author(s):  
Amella Gusty ◽  
Dachriyanus Dachriyanus ◽  
Leni Merdawati
Keyword(s):  
District Hospital ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
P Value ◽  
Work Context ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
The Relationship

Kinerja perawat merupakan hasil yang dicapai dalam melaksanakan asuhan keperawatan di rumah sakit. Terciptanya asuhan keperawatan yang optimal sangat diperlukan dukungan dari pihak rumah sakit salah satunya adalah menciptakan kualitas kehidupan kerja baik bagi perawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas kehidupan kerja terhadap kinerja perawat pelaksana di RSUD Teluk Kuantan. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 120 responden yang diperoleh melalui proportionate simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas kehidupan kerja perawat RSUD Teluk Kuantan berada pada kategori sedang, kinerja perawat berada pada kategori kurang baik. Berdasarkan analisis kedua variabel teridentifikasi bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara kualitas kehidupan kerja dengan kinerja perawat pelaksana dengan  p value 0,817. Dimensi work context merupakan komponen yang memiliki hubungan dengan kinerja perawat pelaksana dengan p value 0,008, dimensi work life  tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kinerja perawat. Kesimpulan penelitian diketahui tidak ada hubungan antara kualitas kehidupan kerja dengan kinerja perawat pelaksana. Ada hubungan dimensi work context dengan kinerja perawat pelaksana. Tidak ada hubungan dimensi work life dengan kinerja perawat.   Kata kunci: kualitas kehidupan kerja, kinerja, perawat pelaksana   THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE QUALITY OF WORK LIFE AND THE PERFORMANCE OF IMPLEMENTERS NURSES   ABSTRACT Nurse performance is the result achieved in implementing nursing care in a hospital. The creation of optimal nursing care is very much needed support from the hospital, one of which is to create a good quality of work life for nurses. This study aims to determine the relationship between the quality of work life and the performance of nurses at the Kuantan District Hospital. This type of quantitative research with cross sectional approach. The number of samples of 120 respondents obtained through proportionate simple random sampling. The results showed that the quality of work life of nurses at the Kuantan District Hospital was in the medium category, the nurses' performance was in the unfavorable category. Based on the analysis of the two variables, it was identified that there was no relationship between the quality of work life with the performance of implementing nurses with a p value of 0.817. The work context dimension is a component that has a relationship with the performance of nurses implementing with p value 0.008, the dimension of work life does not significantly correlate with nurse performance. The conclusion of the research is that there is no relationship between the quality of work life and the performance of the implementing nurses. There is a relationship between the dimensions of the work context and the performance of the nurses. There is no relationship between the dimensions of work life and nurse performance.   Keywords: quality of work life, performance, implementers nurse

Pengaruh bising lalu lintas terhadap penurunan fungsi pendengaran pada juru parkir di kota Denpasar

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Ketut Susilawati ◽  
Wayan Sudana ◽  
Eka Putra Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hearing Function

Background: Noise pollution or noise is an unwanted sound which is disturbing to human beings.However small or soft the sound, if it is undesirable it is considered as noise. Noise induced hearingloss is a sensorineural hearing loss that is commonly encountered second to presbycusis. Purpose: Toknow the effect of traffic noise exposure on hearing impairment to the employees of the Parking DistrictCompany of the Denpasar city and to improve diagnostic detection on hearing impairment caused bynoise. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted at the Parking District Company office. Thepopulations of this study were the employees of the Parking District Company. Samples of this study were the employees who were exposed to traffic noise and control samples were an employee who was unexposed. Samples were selected by simple random sampling. Results: From 40 parking attendants,27 persons (67.5%) aged above 35 years old. The parking attendants who had been working for ten to fifteen years were 36 persons (90%) and no history using ear protection when working. Seven persons(17.5%) had referred DPOAE upon examination with increase hearing threshold on audiogram result.In this study the parking attendants who had hearing deficit induced by noise were 7 persons (17.5%)and only one person (2.5%) in control group. There was a statistically significant effect of traffic noiseto hearing function deficit (p<0.05). Conclusion: Traffic noise has effect in hearing function deficit onthe parking attendants.ORLI Vol. 40 No. 2 Tahun 2010Key words: NIHL, parking attendant, audiometry, DPOAE.

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