scholarly journals Concerns Raised on Blood Group Determinants in Plasma Membrane Interaction of the SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Fiedler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Binding Pocket ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Ligand Docking ◽  
S Protein ◽  
High Affinity Binding Site ◽  
Group A ◽  
Automated Docking ◽  
Group B ◽  
Docking Interaction

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in the generation of evolutionary-related variants. The S-protein of the B.1.1.7 variant (deletion N-terminal domain (NTD) His69Val70Tyr144) may contribute to altered infectivity. These mutations may have been presaged by animal mutations in minks housed in mink farms that according to the present analysis by modelling of protein ligand docking altered a high affinity binding site in the S-protein NTD. These mutants likely occurred only sporadically in humans. Tissue-adaptations and the size of the mink relative to the infected human population size back then may have comparatively increased the relative mutation rate. Simple, multi-threaded automated docking that is widely available, assigns increased binding of the blood type II A antigen to the SARS-Cov-2 S-protein NTD of B.1.1.7 with an overall increased docking interaction of blood group A harbouring glycolipids relative to group B or H (H, p=0.04). The top scoring glycan is identified as a DSGG (also classified as sialosyl-MSGG or disialosyl-Gb5) that may compete with heparin, which is similar to heparan sulfate linked to proteinaceous receptors on the tissue surface. Other glycolipids are found to interact with lower affinity, except long ligands that have suitable ligand binding poses to match the curved binding pocket.

scholarly journals Concerns Raised on Blood Group Determinants in Plasma Membrane Interaction of the SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Fiedler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Binding Pocket ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Ligand Docking ◽  
S Protein ◽  
High Affinity Binding Site ◽  
Group A ◽  
Automated Docking ◽  
Group B ◽  
Docking Interaction

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in the generation of evolutionary-related variants. The S-protein of the B.1.1.7 variant (deletion N-terminal domain (NTD) His69Val70Tyr144) may contribute to altered infectivity. These mutations may have been presaged by animal mutations in minks housed in mink farms that according to the present analysis by modelling of protein ligand docking altered a high affinity binding site in the S-protein NTD. These mutants likely occurred only sporadically in humans. Tissue-adaptations and the size of the mink relative to the infected human population size back then may have comparatively increased the relative mutation rate. Simple, multi-threaded automated docking that is widely available, assigns increased binding of the blood type II A antigen to the SARS-Cov-2 S-protein NTD of B.1.1.7 with an overall increased docking interaction of blood group A harbouring glycolipids relative to group B or H (H, p=0.04). The top scoring glycan is identified as a DSGG (also classified as sialosyl-MSGG or disialosyl-Gb5) that may compete with heparin, which is similar to heparan sulfate linked to proteinaceous receptors on the tissue surface. Other glycolipids are found to interact with lower affinity, except long ligands that have suitable ligand binding poses to match the curved binding pocket.

scholarly journals Concerns Raised on Blood Group Determinants in Plasma Membrane Interaction of the SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Fiedler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Binding Pocket ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Ligand Docking ◽  
S Protein ◽  
High Affinity Binding Site ◽  
Group A ◽  
Automated Docking ◽  
Group B ◽  
Docking Interaction

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in the generation of evolutionary-related variants. The S-protein of the B.1.1.7 variant (deletion N-terminal domain (NTD) His69Val70Tyr144) may contribute to altered infectivity. These mutations may have been presaged by animal mutations in minks housed in mink farms that according to the present analysis by modelling of protein ligand docking altered a high affinity binding site in the S-protein NTD. These mutants likely occurred only sporadically in humans. Tissue-adaptations and the size of the mink relative to the infected human population size back then may have comparatively increased the relative mutation rate. Simple, multi-threaded automated docking that is widely available, assigns increased binding of the blood type II A antigen to the SARS-Cov-2 S-protein NTD of B.1.1.7 with an overall increased docking interaction of blood group A harbouring glycolipids relative to group B or H (H, p=0.04). The top scoring glycan is identified as a DSGG (also classified as sialosyl-MSGG or disialosyl-Gb5) that may compete with heparin, which is similar to heparan sulfate linked to proteinaceous receptors on the tissue surface. Other glycolipids are found to interact with lower affinity, except long ligands that have suitable ligand binding poses to match the curved binding pocket.

scholarly journals The effect of ABO blood group on the diagnosis of von Willebrand disease

Blood ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1691-1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Gill ◽  
J Endres-Brooks ◽  
PJ Bauer ◽  
WJ Jr Marks ◽  
RR Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Genetic Defect ◽  
Von Willebrand Disease ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Von Willebrand

Abstract In order to firmly establish a normal range for von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag), we determined plasma vWF:Ag concentrations in 1,117 volunteer blood donors by quantitative immunoelectrophoresis. The presence of the ABO blood group has a significant influence on vWF:Ag values; individuals with blood group O had the lowest mean vWF:Ag level (74.8 U/dL), followed by group A (105.9 U/dL), then group B (116.9 U/dL), and finally group AB (123.3 U/dL). Multiple regression analysis revealed that age significantly correlated with vWF:Ag levels in each blood group. We then performed reverse ABO typing on stored plasma from 142 patients with the diagnosis of von Willebrand disease (vWd). Of 114 patients with type I vWd, blood group O was found in 88 (77%), group A in 21 (18%), group B in 5 (4%), and group AB in none (0%), whereas the frequency of these blood groups in the normal population is significantly different (45%, 45%, 7% and 3%, respectively) (P less than .001). Patients with type II or III vWd had ABO blood group frequencies that were not different from the expected distribution. There may be a subset of symptomatic vWd patients with decreased concentrations of structurally normal vWf (vWd, type I) on the basis of blood group O. Some individuals of blood group AB with a genetic defect of vWF may have the diagnosis overlooked because vWF levels are elevated due to blood type.

scholarly journals Blood type mystery

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-93
Author(s):  
Inga Tymofiychuk ◽  
Svetlana Semenenko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Systematic Change ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Immunological Protection

In ancient times there was blood a symbol of life flow and energy. It was believed that it gives strength. Red paint and wine were used in traditional rites.Blood type is able to tell a lot of interesting things about its "owner" facts. Having information about your own blood type can be better to understand yourself and your body. The purpose of the article. In Article studies on the history of medicine, which form new ones, are considered ideas about the formation of blood groups. The novelty of the study due to the fact that the idea of ​​blood groups from year to year replenished with new data, which encourages the historical sketch. Main part. With increasing population and changing the environment reduces the possibility to get meat food. As a result, this led to the emergence "Vegetarian" second blood group A. Resettlement of peoples in Europe is the reason for the predominance of people with the second blood group there at this time. It is believed that the homeland of the gene of the third group B is located in the foothills of the Himalayas, in present-day India and Pakistan. The fourth blood group AB arose as a result of mixing holders of gene A and carriers of gene B. Today only 6% Europeans have a fourth blood type, which is the youngest in ABO system. The uniqueness of this group in the inheritance of high immunological protection, which is manifested in resistance to autoimmune and allergic diseases. Conclusions. Evolution human is impossible without a systematic change in gene frequencies population. Is evolution continuing now? Thoughts sometimes contradictory. Some believe that man has reached the top evolutionary tree, others disagree with such conclusions.

scholarly journals Effect of intraoperative blood transfusion on Treg and FOXP3 in patients with digestive tract malignancies and different ABO blood types

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajun Liu ◽  
Junzhi Sun ◽  
Yun Xia ◽  
Michael R. Lyaker ◽  
Jianshe Yu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Foxp3 Expression ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Foxp3 Mrna ◽  
Blood Types ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Blood transfusion can cause immunosuppression and lead to worse outcomes in patients with digestive tract malignancies; however, the specific mechanism behind this is not completely understood. One theory is that increased numbers of regulatory CD3+CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T cells (Tregs) and forkhead box protein-3 mRNA (FOXP3) expression in the blood after transfusion contribute to these outcomes. The effect of blood transfusion on immune function in patients with different ABO blood types is variable. This study investigates the effect of intraoperative blood transfusion on the number of Tregs and the expression of FOXP3 in the blood of patients with different ABO blood types and digestive tract malignancies. Methods Patients with digestive tract malignancies who underwent radical resection and received intraoperative blood transfusion were divided into four groups according to their blood types:blood group A, blood group B, blood group O and blood group AB (n = 20 for each group). Blood was collected from all patients before surgery, immediately after transfusion, 1 day after transfusion, and 5 days after transfusion. The number of Tregs was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of FOXP3 was detected by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results There was no significant difference in the number of Tregs or expression of FOXP3 mRNA among patients with different blood types before surgery. However, the number of Tregs and the expression of FOXP3 increased after blood transfusion in all blood type groups. This increase was especially evident and statistically significant on the first day after blood transfusion when compared with measures obtained before the surgery. Measures returned to the preoperative level five days after surgery. There were significant differences in the increase of Tregs and expression of FOXP3 among patients with different blood types. The greatest increase was seen in patients with blood group B and the least in blood group A. Conclusions Intraoperative blood transfusion can lead to an increase in blood Tregs and FOXP3 expression in patients with digestive tract malignancies. Increases were greatest on the first day after surgery and differed among patients with different blood types. Increases were greatest in blood type B and least in blood type A.

scholarly journals The effect of ABO blood group on the diagnosis of von Willebrand disease

Blood ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1691-1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Gill ◽  
J Endres-Brooks ◽  
PJ Bauer ◽  
WJ Jr Marks ◽  
RR Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Genetic Defect ◽  
Von Willebrand Disease ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Von Willebrand

In order to firmly establish a normal range for von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag), we determined plasma vWF:Ag concentrations in 1,117 volunteer blood donors by quantitative immunoelectrophoresis. The presence of the ABO blood group has a significant influence on vWF:Ag values; individuals with blood group O had the lowest mean vWF:Ag level (74.8 U/dL), followed by group A (105.9 U/dL), then group B (116.9 U/dL), and finally group AB (123.3 U/dL). Multiple regression analysis revealed that age significantly correlated with vWF:Ag levels in each blood group. We then performed reverse ABO typing on stored plasma from 142 patients with the diagnosis of von Willebrand disease (vWd). Of 114 patients with type I vWd, blood group O was found in 88 (77%), group A in 21 (18%), group B in 5 (4%), and group AB in none (0%), whereas the frequency of these blood groups in the normal population is significantly different (45%, 45%, 7% and 3%, respectively) (P less than .001). Patients with type II or III vWd had ABO blood group frequencies that were not different from the expected distribution. There may be a subset of symptomatic vWd patients with decreased concentrations of structurally normal vWf (vWd, type I) on the basis of blood group O. Some individuals of blood group AB with a genetic defect of vWF may have the diagnosis overlooked because vWF levels are elevated due to blood type.

scholarly journals Association of blood groups/Rh and diabetes mellitus in Karachi city, Pakistan

2024 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ghafar ◽  
S. Khwaja ◽  
M. Zahid ◽  
S. I. Hussain ◽  
A. Karim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Code Number ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract The main purpose of this study was to find out a possible association between ABO blood groups or Rh and diabetes mellitus (DM) in the local population of eight (8) different towns of Karachi, Pakistan. For this purpose a survey was carried out in Karachi to have a practical observation of these towns during the period of 9 months from June 2019 to Feb. 2020. Out of eighteen (18) towns of Karachi, samples (N= 584) were collected from only eight (8) Towns of Karachi and gave a code-number to each town. Diabetic group sample was (n1=432) & pre-diabetes sample was (n2 =152). A standard Abbot Company Glucometer for Random Blood Sugar (RBS) and Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) tests, standard blood anti sera were used for ABO/Rh blood type. Health assessment techniques were performed ethically by taking informed consent from all registered subjects. Finally data was analyzed by SPSS version 20.0. In our current study, the comparison of ABO blood groups frequencies between diabetic and pre-diabetic individuals were carried out. The percentage values of blood Group-B as given as: (32% in DM vs. 31% in pre-diabetics), followed by blood Group-O as: (18% in DM vs. 11% in pre-diabetics). Contrary to Group-“B” & “O”, blood Group-A and Group-AB were distribution percentage higher pre-diabetic as compared to DM patients, as given as: Group-A (32% in pre-diabetics vs. 26% in DM) & Group-AB (26% in pre-diabetics vs. 24% in diabetic’s patients). In addition, percentage distribution of Rh system was also calculated, in which Rh+ve Group was high and more common in DM patients as compared to pre-diabetics; numerically given as: Rh+ve Group (80% in DM vs. 72% in pre-diabetics). Different views and dimensions of the research topic were studied through literature support, some have found no any association and some established a positive association still some were not clear in making a solid conclusion. It is concluded that DM has a positive correlation with ABO blood groups, and people with Group-B have increased susceptibility to DM disease.

scholarly journals Association of ABO blood group with COVID-19 severity, acute phase reactants and mortality

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261432
Author(s):  
Uzma Ishaq ◽  
Asmara Malik ◽  
Jahanzeb Malik ◽  
Asad Mehmood ◽  
Azhar Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the ongoing pandemic with multitude of manifestations and association of ABO blood group in South-East Asian population needs to be explored. Methods It was a retrospective study of patients with COVID-19. Blood group A, B, O, and AB were identified in every participant, irrespective of their RH type and allotted groups 1, 2,3, and 4, respectively. Correlation between blood group and lab parameters was presented as histogram distributed among the four groups. Multivariate regression and logistic regression were used for inferential statistics. Results The cohort included 1067 patients: 521 (48.8%) participants had blood group O as the prevalent blood type. Overall, 10.6% COVID-19-related mortality was observed at our center. Mortality was 13.9% in blood group A, 9.5% in group B, 10% in group C, and 10.2% in AB blood group (p = 0.412). IL-6 was elevated in blood group A (median [IQR]: 23.6 [17.5,43.8]), Procalcitonin in blood group B (median [IQR]: 0.54 [0.3,0.7]), D-dimers and CRP in group AB (median [IQR]: 21.5 [9,34]; 24 [9,49], respectively). Regarding severity of COVID-19 disease, no statistical difference was seen between the blood groups. Alteration of the acute phase reactants was not positively associated with any specific blood type. Conclusion In conclusion, this investigation did not show significant association of blood groups with severity and of COVID-19 disease and COVID-19-associated mortality.

scholarly journals The Overall Distribution of ABO and Rh (D) Groups in The Most Populous City Istanbul as Representing the Complex Ethnicity of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melek Yanaşık ◽  
Tülin Tunç ◽  
Mukadder Huslu ◽  
Sevgi Kalayoğlu Beşışık
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group Distribution ◽  
Type Classification

Objective: In humans, 38 different critical blood type classification systems are currently recognized. They differ in frequencies in distinct populations. It is aimed to visualize ABO and Rh(D) groups distribution in Istanbul as having the largest community in Turkey. Method: Volunteered blood donor's data on the automation system were screened retrospectively. Blood donation acceptance criteria were based on the guidelines prepared by the Ministry of Health. ABO and Rh(D) groups were analyzed using column agglutination/gel centrifugation methods. Results: The study covered six years' data between the dates of January 2014 and December 2019, including 136,231 donors. The majority of the donors were found to have blood group A with a frequency of 41.88%(n=57,059). The second most common blood group was group O, and had a frequency of 34.92%(n=47,576). The blood group B (n=20,790;15.26%) and group AB (n=10,806;7.93%) were found to be the rare encountered blood groups. Among the Rh(D) group, 85.02% of the donors were Rh(D) positive. Conclusion: In transfusion medicine, ABO and Rh(D) groups' compatibility is mandatory. According to the monthly and or annual blood products requirement, there are some suggested quantities of blood units to be available at blood centres. Determining the frequency of blood group distribution of populations will help to coordinate the ratio of blood groups to be storaged. The Turkish genetic makeup is a fascinating mixture of European and Asian DNA, necessitates to find out the countries' specific ABO and Rh(D) groups ratio. We compared our results with the previously reported studies performed in different cities of Turkey and the world around. Thus, our research as giving the overall distribution of ABO and Rh(D) groups from the largest city of Turkey reflecting the general ethnic background of the country, would help to the establishment of a databank of ABO and Rh(D) group's ratio.

scholarly journals ABO groups can play a role in susceptibility and severity of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Samra ◽  
M. Habeb ◽  
R. Nafae
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Seriously Ill

Abstract Background A few people infected by the coronavirus become seriously ill, while others show little to no signs of the symptoms, or are asymptomatic. Recent researches are pointing to the fact that the ABO blood group might play an important role in a person’s susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 infection. Aim of the study: try to understand the relationship between ABO groups and COVID-19 (susceptibility and severity). Results A total of (507) patients were included in this study. The study population was divided based on the ABO blood group into types A+, A−, B+, AB, O+, and O−. Blood group A was associated with high susceptibility of infection: group A, 381 (75.1%); and less common in group O, 97 (19.2%), group B, 18 (3.5%), and group AB, 11 (2.2%). The severity of COVID-19 infection was common in non-blood group O where (20 (7.1%), 4 (26.7%), 2 (11%), and 1 (9%) in type A+, A−, B+, and AB, respectively), while in type O 3.1%. And mechanically ventilated patients were 22 (5.9%), 2 (13.4%), 2 (11.1%), and 1 (1%). Mortality was high in blood groups A and B, 16 (4.37%) and 1 (5.5%), respectively, while in blood group O, it was 1%. Conclusion The incidence, severity, and mortality of COVID-19 were common in non-blood group O. While blood group O was protected against COVID-19.

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